Abstract: An oxygen sensor system includes an oxygen sensor and associated circuitry connected thereto. The oxygen sensor including a reference cell. The associated circuitry measures the impedance of the reference cell at time intervals, wherein the time intervals include a random component.

Abstract: A variable control method of exhaust temperature increase includes, when a cam phaser, which is connected to a double cam shaft having a coaxial arrangement structure of an outer shaft and an inner shaft, is operated and when a cam angle is determined as being varied by a controller, a cam phaser position change control is performed of decreasing a flow rate of an internal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) supplied to a cylinder of an engine with a cam advance angle, increasing the flow rate of the EGR with a cam retard angle, or blocking the flow rate of the EGR with a maximal cam advance angle.

Abstract: A charge forming device includes a body with a main bore through which air flows and a fuel inlet through which fuel enters the main bore. A diaphragm defines part of a fuel chamber that leads to a fuel passage. The valve body is received in the fuel passage and has a first end, a second end, a sidewall, a valve passage having an inlet into which fuel from the fuel chamber enters and an outlet from which fuel exits for delivery to the main bore, and a cross passage extending through the sidewall between the first end and the second end and opening into the valve passage. A valve is carried by the body and has a valve head received in the cross passage and extending into the valve passage to at least partially inhibit fuel flow through the valve passage.

Abstract: An ignition coil unit comprises a primary coil, a secondary coil, a housing and a terminal metallic part. A portion of the terminal metallic part is buried in a burying wall formed in the housing. The other portion of the terminal metallic part is disposed in an interior of the housing. The terminal metallic part includes an inner terminal extended from a burying wall main surface and at least partially disposed in the interior of the housing. The inner terminal includes a terminal first portion extended along a normal line of the terminal burying wall main surface from the terminal burying wall main surface to the interior of the housing and a terminal second portion extended upward from the terminal first portion. The housing includes a protrusion to horizontally protrude from the terminal burying wall main surface while facing the bottom surface of the terminal first portion.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for determining instructions for a vehicle are provided. One example method generally includes monitoring location information of a vehicle and detecting a change in a location of the vehicle based on the monitoring, wherein the location change is between a first regulatory area and a second regulatory area. The method further includes generating instructions for the vehicle based on the location change, wherein the instructions place the vehicle in compliance with a regulation of the second regulatory area and transmitting the instructions to the vehicle.

Abstract: In a control method for internal combustion engine for forming a stratified air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber and performing stratified combustion by injecting fuel at least once each time between an intake stroke and the first half of a compression stroke and in the second half of the compression stroke, spark ignition is started by flowing a relatively large discharge current into the ignition plug when flow energy around the ignition plug is increased by energy of a fuel spray injected in the second half of the compression stroke and, thereafter, the discharge current is made relatively smaller and discharged for a predetermined period.

Abstract: In some embodiments of the present disclosure, an electric motor is used to generate correction torques to counteract unwanted torque pulses generated by an internal combustion engine during a cylinder deactivation mode. In some embodiments, the electric motor may be mounted to an accessory drive such as a power take-off mechanism or a front end accessory drive (FEAD). In some embodiments, the correction torques may be determined using an engine model. The correction torques help to reduce or eliminate noise, vibration, and/or harshness (NVH) during the cylinder deactivation mode.

Abstract: A system for controlling a compression ignition engine includes: a speed obtaining section which obtains an engine speed; and an injection amount setting section which sets, in a start period after the start of cranking, a fuel injection amount to be injected by injectors in next and subsequent cycles. If an engine speed achieved by combustion in an (n?1)-th cycle is higher than or equal to a determination threshold value and lower than a lower limit of the resonance range, the injection amount setting section sets the fuel injection amount for the n-th cycle to a jump-over injection amount, and sets the fuel injection amount for the (n+1)-th cycle to a resonance induction reducing amount, which is smaller than the jump-over injection amount.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for operating a split exhaust engine system that provides blowthrough air and exhaust gas recirculation to an intake passage via a first exhaust manifold and exhaust gas to an exhaust passage via a second exhaust manifold. In one example, the engine system may be installed in a hybrid vehicle, and, in response to a request to restart the engine while the vehicle is being propelled via motor torque only, the engine may be rotated unfueled via the motor torque at less than cranking speed while at least partially opening a valve disposed in a passage coupled between the first exhaust manifold and the intake passage. In another example, in response to the request to restart the engine, all exhaust valves of a second set of exhaust valves coupled to the second exhaust manifold may be deactivated.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve of a fuel injection system includes a connector piece that is insertable at least partly into a receiving space of a connector body of a fluid-conveying component. In the installed state a support part is disposed on the connector piece, and the connector piece is mounted via the support part on the connector body. The support part has a spherical support surface with which the support part braces at least indirectly against the connector body in order to implement the mounting of the connector piece directly or indirectly on the connector body.

Abstract: A start assist system is configured to generate torsion load on an crankshaft of a motorcycle. The configurations include a hub adapted to couple with a kick start lever on a motorcycle, a load generating unit, the loading generating unit adapted to generate torsion on the hub, and circuitry to regulate operation of the load generating unit in response to a position of the kick start lever. The torsion load operates to assist an operator to kick-start the machine.

Abstract: A method for fault diagnosis in an electronic control unit (ECU) of an engine fuel injection system. The method includes keeping the ECU and the engine fuel injection system at a set of pre-defined conditions, measuring an electrical current consumption of the ECU, and detecting a status of the ECU based on the measured electrical current consumption. Keeping the ECU and the engine fuel injection system at the set of pre-defined conditions includes switching the ECU on by switching the engine fuel injection system on, and keeping the engine fuel injection system at a not-running state.

Abstract: A method for starting an engine is disclosed. The method may adjust exhaust valve opening timing of one or more cylinders during a first cycle of an engine since a most recent engine stop to reduce engine cranking work. The method may adjust exhaust valve timing if the engine is directly started or started via an electric machine.

Abstract: A pump module that is mounted in an evaporated fuel processing device configured to perform a purge process in which evaporated fuel in a fuel tank is supplied to an intake passage of an engine through a purge passage. The pump module may include: a pump configured to pump the evaporated fuel in the purge passage to the intake passage; and a pump controller configured to control drive of the pump. The pump controller may be configured to: during the purge process, drive the pump at a rotational speed equal to or lower than a rotational speed threshold until when a predetermined period has elapsed from a start of the purge process; and after the predetermined period has elapsed, drive the pump at a rotational speed equal to or higher than the rotational speed threshold.

Abstract: Method to determine a closing instant of an electromagnetic fuel injector; in a beginning instant of the injection, a positive voltage is applied to a coil of an electromagnetic actuator so as to cause an electric current to circulate through the coil, said electric current determining the opening of an injection valve; in an end instant of the injection, a negative voltage is applied to the coil of the electromagnetic actuator so as to cancel the electric current circulating through the coil; a first voltage time development is detected at least one end of the coil of the electromagnetic actuator after the cancellation of the electric current circulating through the coil; the voltage actuation time development is compared with a voltage comparison time development; and the closing instant of the electromagnetic injector is determined based on the comparison between the voltage actuation time development and the voltage comparison time development.

Abstract: An evaporated fuel treatment device includes a fuel tank that stores fuel for an internal combustion engine, a canister that adsorbs evaporated fuel generated in the fuel tank, a pump that pressurizes and depressurizes a diagnostic target system including the fuel tank, a pressure detection unit that detects pressure in the diagnostic target system, a fuel state detection unit that detects a state of the fuel in the fuel tank, a leakage diagnosis unit that diagnoses leakages of evaporated fuel from the diagnostic target system, the diagnostic target system based on a change in a detection value detected by the pressure detection unit when the pump pressurizes or depressurizes the diagnostic target system, and a diagnosis determination unit that determines whether the leakage diagnosis unit performs the diagnosis based on a change in a state detection value detected by the fuel state detection unit.

Abstract: An engine includes fuel system components provided on a cylinder head, a purge control valve that controls an amount of evaporated fuel purged to a portion of an intake passage on a downstream side of a throttle valve, and intake pipes that form the portion of the intake passage on the downstream side of the throttle valve and extend in a cylinder array direction, in which the purge control valve is disposed in front of the intake pipes and the fuel system components are disposed on an opposite side of the purge control valve across the intake pipes in vehicle front view or vehicle side view.

Abstract: A model formula representing the relationship between an error between a predetermined stopping position and an actually-stopped position of a vehicle indicating the result of an automatic stop control, which controls the vehicle to stop at the predetermined stopping position using running-condition parameters, and the running-condition parameters used for the automatic stop control is calculated via machine learning. A stopping error is estimated with respect to the next stopping position, at which the vehicle currently running is going to stop, according to the model formula which is calculated in the past. The changing parameter to be changed is specified among the running-condition parameters, and then the changing parameter used for the automatic stop control is updated with a correction value configured to correct the stopping error of the vehicle.

Abstract: An engine start controller includes an injection amount calculating portion that is configured to calculate, as an assist injection amount, an injection amount of fuel injected from a fuel injection valve of an engine in an engine start-up period until the engine rotation speed exceeds a predetermined starting rotation speed from zero. The injection amount calculating portion is configured such that, in a case in which the rotation speed of the engine is higher than or equal to a threshold value that is a value less than the starting rotation speed, the injection amount calculating portion calculates the assist injection amount to be smaller when the engine is started by using the motor generator than when the engine is started by using the starter.

Abstract: The propeller includes a hub supporting a plurality of elongate propeller elements in which a tip of a leading propeller element curves into contact with a trailing propeller element to form a closed structure with increased stiffness and reduced acoustic signature.