Abstract: A method for imaging a target with an x-ray scatter apparatus. Air scatter from air intervening between the x-ray scatter apparatus and a target overwhelms x-ray scatter from the target in that x-ray scatter from a position on the target is no more than 10% of the x-ray scatter due to intervening air scatter that reaches at least one point in the detector plane of the x-ray scatter apparatus. The target is illuminated with a beam of x-rays scanned across the target, and x-rays scattered by the target are detected using a detector with a centroid displaced with respect to the beam axis by at least five feet. The detector signal is then processed to generate an image of the target. The beam of x-rays may be unshielded, and/or the detector may be uncollimated.

Abstract: Closed-loop circulation for providing liquid metal to an interaction region at which an electron beam is to impact upon the liquid metal to produce X-rays is presented. In a method, the pressure of the liquid metal is raised to at least 10 bar using a high-pressure pump. The pressurized liquid metal is then conducted to a nozzle and ejected into a vacuum chamber in the form of a spatially continuous jet. After passage through the vacuum chamber, the liquid metal is collected in a collection reservoir, and the pressure of the liquid metal is raised to an inlet pressure, e.g. using a primer pump, suitable for the inlet of the high-pressure pump. Also, a corresponding circulation system and an X-ray source provided with such circulation system.

Abstract: Device comprising: a chassis (1) which supports the entire assembly, a telescopic column (2) which comprises a lower fixed portion (5) rotating with respect to a vertical axis, and at least one upper mobile portion (6), a telescopic arm (3) that moves along the vertical column and that supports an x-ray emitter (4) at its end, wherein the telescopic arm-head assembly can be moved from the lower position of the mobile column in its retracted position to the upper position of the mobile column in its extended position, and also in that all the movements of the column are manual and have a mechanical balancing mechanism which comprises a first mechanism consisting of a spring, a block and tackle, and a variable radius pulley all housed in the fixed portion of the column, and a second balancing mechanism consisting of a recovery pulley and a two-radii pulley which balances the weight between the input of the cable and that of the telescopic arm and head assembly.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus includes an X-ray detecting device, an accommodation unit configured to accommodate the X-ray detecting device, and a bucky tray configured to be accommodated in and discharged from the accommodation unit. The bucky tray includes a base and a first plate on which the X-ray detecting device is mounted and which is configured to rotate with respect to the base.

Abstract: X-ray sources and production of X-rays, in particular, producing monochromatic x-rays is provided. More specifically, a method for producing X-rays and the use of the X-ray source for x-raying bodies (for example human bodies). An aerogel, for example in the form of a rod, may be provided in a housing as a target. Said target may be bombarded with an electron beam, the aerogel being vaporized due to the extreme low density and the high energy. As a result, the target is guided by means of a roller such that an unused target for producing, in particular, the monochromatic X-rays, is always available.

Abstract: A medical imaging system creates three kinds of reconstructed images of a diagnosis target site in a subject through X-ray imaging of the diagnosis target site with a Talbot or Talbot-Lau imaging apparatus, the three kinds of reconstructed images being an absorption image, a differential phase image, and a small-angle scattering image. The medical imaging system includes: an input unit to receive an input of diagnosis target information for specifying the diagnosis target site, or the diagnosis target site and a disease to be diagnosed in the diagnosis target site; and a control unit to create a combined image of two kinds of reconstructed images among the three kinds of reconstructed images on the basis of the diagnosis target information input through the input unit, and to control a displaying unit to display the combined image.

Abstract: A radiological imaging device that includes a gantry defining an analysis zone in which at least part of a patient is placed, a source suitable to emit radiation defining a central axis of propagation; a detector suitable to receive the radiation, a translation mechanism adapted to translate the source and the detector in a direction of movement substantially perpendicular to the central axis of propagation; and a control unit adapted to acquire an image from data signals received continuously from the detector while the translation mechanism continuously translates the source emitting the radiation and the detector receiving the radiation, so as to scan the at least part of the patient.

Abstract: An apparatus for balancing a statically unbalanced system, particularly useful in balancing X-ray and mammography systems having an X-ray source and detector mounted to a rotational arm, includes a spring mechanism which synchronizes the activation of the spring mechanism with the rotation of the arm of the mammography system. The balancing system reduces the amount of torque necessary to rotate the arm and decreases the overall inertia of the system by eliminating the need for counterweights to maintain balance of the system.

Abstract: An X-ray radiation passage window can be used for a radiation detector. The X-ray radiation passage window for a radiation detector includes a radiation-transmissive window element. The radiation-transmissive window element contains graphene. Furthermore, a radiation detector including an X-ray radiation passage window, a method for producing an X-ray radiation passage window and a use of graphene are disclosed.

Abstract: In a case where a series of operations of an imaging sequence are continuously performed when an imaging switch is continuously in ON state, if the imaging switch is turned into OFF state only for a given period and the given period is not more than a predetermined threshold value, control is exerted such that part of the operations of the imaging sequence is continuously performed.

Abstract: The X-ray inspection device includes: an X-ray source with a focal spot size greater than the diameter of a defect for irradiating a sample with X-rays; an X-ray TDI detector arranged near the sample and having long pixels in a direction parallel to the scanning direction of the sample for detecting the X-rays emitted by the X-ray source and passing through the sample as an X-ray transmission image; and a defect-detecting unit for detecting defects based on the X-ray transmission image detected by the X-ray TDI detector.

Abstract: A method of imaging phases in an inhomogeneous polycrystalline sample having a plurality of crystallites of at least a first crystalline component includes illuminating an illuminated area extending across a surface of a sample with substantially monochromatic X-rays incident at a Bragg-Brentano parafocussing geometry at first angle ?1 to the surface of the sample. X-rays diffracted by the sample at a second angle ?2 pass through a pinhole. The diffraction angle ?1+?2 fulfils a Bragg condition for the first crystalline component which is imaged by a detector to provide a two-dimensional image of the first crystalline component at the surface of the sample.

Abstract: An X-ray photographing apparatus and a method of operating the X-ray photographing method are disclosed. The X-ray photographing apparatus includes an X-ray generator configured to generate an X-ray; an X-ray detector configured to detect the X-ray that is transmitted through an object; and a panel that is provided between the X-ray generator and the X-ray detector and configured to contact the object, wherein a distance between a center axis of the X-ray generator and the X-ray detector is maintained to be uniform during a time period, and a radiation angle of the X-ray generated by the X-ray generator with respect to the object changes over the time period.

Abstract: A method for performing reconstruction for a region of interest (ROI) of an object is provided. The method includes designating the ROI within the object, the ROI being located within a scan field of view (FOV) of a combined third- and fourth-generation CT scanner, the CT scanner including fixed photon-counting detectors (PCDs), and an X-ray source that rotates about the object in synchronization with a rotating detector. Further, the method includes determining, for each PCD, as a function of view angle, an on/off timing schedule, based on a size and location of the designated ROI, and performing a scan to obtain a first data set from the rotating detector and a second data set from the plurality of PCDs, while turning each PCD on and off according to the determined schedule. Finally, the method includes performing reconstruction using the first and second data sets to obtain ROI spectral images.

Abstract: A device for indicating a presence of X-rays or gamma rays may include a visual indicator. The visual indicator may include a material and a plurality of quantum dots adhering to the material or disposed in the material. The quantum dots may be exposed on a surface of the material opposite an object when the material is attached to the object. The quantum dots fluoresce in response to the quantum dots being exposed to X-rays or gamma rays.

Abstract: A method and system to determine material composition of an object comprises capturing a series of digital radiographic images of the object using a single exposure energy level. An intensity of the captured images is determined as well as phase shift differences. A difference in material composition of the object may be determined based on a combination of the determined intensity and the modulated phase shifts of the captured images.

Abstract: A CT scanner and method of operating the CT scanner enables customized automated selection of tube current and peak tube voltage for a CT scan. The CT scanner receives data, each datum of which corresponds to a reference image quality (noise level at a certain tube voltage) for patient water equivalent diameter (“WED”) body size. The CT scanner then stores the noise level and patient WED, and a processor in the CT scanner generates a curve corresponding to acceptable noise levels as a function of water equivalent diameter. The CT scanner stores the curve in a memory associated with the scanner and the CT scanner is subsequently operated with reference to the curve stored in the memory. The tube voltage that can generate the reference CT scan quality (signal-to-noise ratio) with the lowest radiation dose to the patient is selected.

Abstract: A method for a practical model based computed tomography construction may include assuming that a filtered back projection reconstruction of a computed tomography image is available and acquiring a deviate of a multivariate random variable computed tomography data set. A filtered back projection reconstruction of the image may be estimated, and the filtered back projection reconstruction may be identified as a deviate of a multivariate random variable. A maximum a posteriori estimate may be generated for the filtered back projection reconstruction.

Abstract: An imaging module includes a plurality of cathodes and respective gates, each cathode configured to generate a separate beam of electrons directed across a vacuum chamber and each gate matched to at least one respective cathode to enable and disable each separate beam of electrons from being directed across the vacuum chamber. A target anode is fixed within the vacuum chamber and arranged to receive the separate beam of electrons from each of the plurality of cathodes and, therefrom, generate a beam of x-rays. A deflection system is arranged between the plurality of cathodes and the target anode to generate a variable magnetic field to control a path followed by each of the separate beams of electrons to the target anode.

Abstract: An apparatus for placement of an optical marker for radiotherapy onto a surface, wherein the optical marker has a reflective element positioned on a body having an outline and shaped and configured such that the reflective element is in a predetermined position relative to the outline of the body, the apparatus comprising a sheet of material having a hole therethrough which is shaped and configured to conform to the outline of the body and which has an upper surface with markings thereon configured for aligning with an image projected onto the surface on which the optical marker is to be placed.