Abstract: (wherein R1 is OH etc.; X is Cl, F; R2 is H, C1-8 alkyl, C2-8 alkenyl, C2-8 alkynyl which may be substituted; n is 0-4.), non-toxic salts thereof or cyclodextrin clathrates thereof can strongly bind on EP2 subtype receptor. Therefore, they are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of immunological diseases (autoimmune diseases, post-transplantation graft rejection etc.), asthma, abnormal bone formation, neuronal cell death, hepatopathy, abortion, premature birth or retina neuropathy (e.g. glaucoma) etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to heat stable high viscosity starches. The starches of the present invention are obtained by reacting high viscosity starch with activated chlorine under alkaline conditions. The starches of the present invention are used to replace viscosity stable starches obtained by conventional chemical cross-bonding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to one-step oxidation process for preparation of cyclohexane to adipic acid, using molecular oxygen, in liquid phase, in the presence of catalyst, containing either cobalt or cobalt and iron. The catalyst is activated outside the reactor and molecular oxygen is used as an oxidant. The use of molecular oxygen as oxidant along with preactivated catalyst in the reactor and also by restricting the conversion of cyclohexane between 20-30% with catalyst in the reactor results in enhanced selectivity to adipic acid. The reaction mixture of cyclohexane and preactivated catalyst is subjected to oxidation by bubbling pure molecular oxygen while stirring the homogenous mixture while bubbling the oxygen at a predetermined temperature, pressure and space velocity conditions. The product selectivity to form adipic acid is found to be at least 5% better than the maximum attainable using the conventional processes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a preparation for injection containing a lipid A analog and a process for preparing the same. A preparation for injection prepared by dissolving a lipid A analog or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof in an alkaline aqueous solution, at an elevated temperature if necessary, and then adding a buffer thereto, and a process for preparing the same.

Abstract: Hydrazine derivatives of the formula wherein Y is CO or SO2; R1 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower cycloalkyl, lower cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl or aryl-lower alkyl; R2 is lower alkyl, halo-lower alkyl, aryl-lower alkyl, aryl-lower alkenyl or aryl when Y is SO2 and is lower alkyl, halo-lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, acyl, lower cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-lower alkyl, aryl-lower alkoxy or NR5R6 when Y is CO; and R3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl optionally substituted by cyano, amino, hydroxy, lower alkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, heterocyclyl or heterocyclylcarbonyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, lower cycloalkyl, lower cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl-lower alkyl, aryl-lower alkenyl, aryl or heterocyclyl; or R2 and R3 together form the residue of a 5-, 6- or 7-membered cyclic amide, cyclic imide, cyclic sulphonamide or cyclic urethane group; R4 is lower alkyl, hydroxy-lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower cycloalkyl, lower cycloalkyl-lower alkyl or a group of the formula X-aryl, X-heteroar

Abstract: A new class of N-linked Lewis and LacNAc analogs of are synthesized and shown to be effective inhibitors of human fucosyltransferases. In a high yielding reaction sequence the glucosamine derivative 1 was transformed to the 3-azido-2,3-dideoxy sugar 2e under excellent stereocontrol. The LacNAc analog 4d was synthesized as a single isomer in three steps starting from 2e. In a one pot procedure iminocyclitol 5 was transformed into aldehyde 6 and successfully used for reductive amination with 4c and 2f yielding trisaccharide 8a, and disaccharide 7a.

Abstract: A process for the addition of an azide function to an organic compound in which process a mixture is prepared by adding an epoxide-derivative of the organic compound and an alkali metal azide salt to a solvent is described. The mixture is heated to a reaction temperature at which the epoxide-derivative and the azide can react to form an azide derivative of the organic compound. An amount, near equimolar to the epoxide derivative, of a (1-6C)alkyl-(2-4C)carboxylic acid ester having a boiling point above the reaction temperature is added to the mixture before and/or during the reaction.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein R, R′, R″, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, X, Y, m, n, and p have the meanings reported in the description; and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are described.

Abstract: A particulate co-processed composition that includes a botanical plant, microcrystalline cellulose and calcium carbonate. The botanical plant is selected from the group consisting of grains, plants, roots, and mixtures thereof. The co-processed composition is particularly useful in the manufacture of vitamins and food supplements. The co-processed composition is prepared by forming a slurry of the botanical plant, microcrystalline cellulose, and calcium carbonate and then drying the slurry to yield a particulate product.

Abstract: A cross-linked copolymer based on at least one non-crosslinked polycarboxylic polysaccharide and at least one second non-crosslinked polycarboxylic polymer which is not a polycarboxylic polysaccharide and a cross-linking agent having at least two amine functions.

Abstract: Bacillus subtilis protease catalyzes the acylation of organic solvent-insoluble polysaccharides in isooctane solution containing vinyl esters of fatty acids as acyl donor. The reaction occurs only when the enzyme is solubilized via ion-pairing with the anionic surfactant dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt (AOT). Enzyme based acylation was demonstrated with amylose, cyclodextrins, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, and other polysaccharides such as chitosan, pullulan, and maltodextrose. These polysaccharides are reactive either as a cryogenically milled powder suspended in the organic solvent or as a thin film deposited onto ZnSe slides. For chitosan, &agr;-cyclodextrin, and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), the enzymatic crosslinking reaction occurs using adipic acid divinyl ester (C6DVE). HEC forms a compound that gels in solvents such as ethyl alcohol and dimethyl sulfone oxide (DMSO).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing S-aryl cysteine. Specifically, the present invention provides enantioselective method for preparing S-aryl cysteine starting from cystine, cysteine or serine amino acid. The methods of the present invention provides S-aryl cysteine in enantiomeric excess of greater than about 96%.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds having the formula: wherein n is 0 or 1; R is —NH2 or wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, and carbamoyl; Q is R3C(O)— or wherein R5 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, and carbamoylalkyl, and R3 and R4 are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkoxy, arylalkoxy, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, and carbamoylalkyl; the Q—NH—(CH2)n— and the —C(O)R substituents of the compound of formula I are independently positioned ortho, meta, orpara relative to the carbon atoms that form the bond between the two phenyl groups to which said substituents are bound, with the proviso that said substituents are not both positioned ortho; and the Q—NH—(CH2)n and the —C(O)R substituents of the compound of formula II are positioned meta orpara t

Abstract: A process for obtaining paclitaxel and other taxanes from a source containing taxanes. The process involves extracting taxane compounds from the source into an organic solvent and passing this composition through a distribution chromatography column and eluting taxane compounds with the dry distribution column. The eluted taxane compounds are isolated by further processing techniques.

Abstract: A glycosaminoglycan derivative is disclosed wherein a first amino group of a spacer compound (NH2—Y—NH2) is bonded to an aldehyde formed by reducing and partially oxidizing a reducing end sugar of a glycosaminoglycan, via an aminoalkyl bond, or a lactone formed by oxidizing and cyclodehydrating the reducing end sugar of a glycosaminoglycan, via an acid amide bond, and further a hydrocarbon compound having a allyl group at one end and a functional group at another end which is bonded to the second amino group of the spacer compound. This derivative is useful as a substrate in a process for identifying a glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzyme that gives good reproducibility and sensitivity.

Abstract: A method for increasing the fertility of a female mammal comprising administering to said female mammal an efficacious amount of tagatose. A method for promoting healthy fetal development in a pregnant female mammal which comprises administering to said mammal an efficacious amount of tagatose. A method for increasing the birth weight of a fetus in a pregnant female mammal which comprises administering to said mammal an efficacious amount of tagatose. A method for reducing excessive food intake of a pregnant female mammal which comprises administering to said mammal an efficacious amount of tagatose.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a highly purified, stable, non-hygroscopic, crystalline composition of L-DOPA ethyl ester. The L-DOPA ethyl ester is an active ingredient in many pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment of patients suffering from Parkinson's Disease and related indications.

Abstract: A fat composition for cosmetic or pharmaceutical emulsion products, substantially consisting of a mixture of mono-, di- and triglycerides, wherein more than 90 weight % of the fatty acid residues incorporated in the glycerides contain 16-22 carbon atoms, produced from vegetable fats.

Abstract: The invention concerns a new lipoteichoic acid which can be isolated from the new Streptococcus sp DSM 8747. The new LTA is called LTA-T. It has a lipid anchor, which is a galacto-furanosyl-beta-1-3-glycerol with different rests of fatty acids esterified in the two adjacent hydroxy groups in the glycerol moiety and a non-glycosylated, linear, unbranched GroP chain with an unusual short hydrophilic GroP chain. The hydrophilic backbone consists of only 10 glycerophosphate units esterified with D-alanine in an extent of 30%. The invention further concerns a pharmaceutical composition with the new LTA-T, optionally together with a monokine and/or hyaluronidase, a method of treating cancer comprising administration of an antitumor effective amount thereof, a method of producing the new compound and the new pharmaceutical composition, two degradation products of the new LTA-T and their use, and the new Streptococcus strain from which the new compound can be isolated.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using conjugated linoleic acid preparations enriched for the t10,c12 and c9,t11 isomers are disclosed. It is found that preparations of conjugated linoleic acid containing a ratio of t10,c12 to c9,t11 of about greater than 1.2:1 are desirable for a wide variety of nutritional, therapeutic and pharmacologic uses.