Abstract: A method of producing an N-demethyl-N-isopropyl-8,9-anhydroerythromycin A-6,9-hemiacetal or a salt thereof, characterized in that an N-demethylerythromycin A or a salt thereof is reacted with an isopropylating agent and subsequently treated under acidic conditions, and a method of producing a substantially pure crystal of an 8,9-anhydroerythromycin A-6,9-hemiacetal derivative represented formula (VI): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, whether identical or not, represent an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkynyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or a hydroxyl group; one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 represents hydrogen and the other represents a hydroxyl group, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 bind together to represent O.dbd.; R.sup.6 represents hydrogen or a hydroxyl group that may be substituted for; R.sup.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 28, 1998
Date of Patent:
June 20, 2000
Assignees:
Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., The Kitasato Institute
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing ivermectin by selective hydrogenation of avermectin and subsequent removal of the catalyst.
Abstract: The present invention relates to phenylethanolamine compounds represented by general formula [I]: ##STR1## (where R.sub.1 represents hydrogen or halogen; R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkoxy, lower alkoxy substituted with one or two lower alkoxycarbonyl or carboxy groups, lower alkoxy substituted with lower alkylaminocarbonyl which may be substituted with lower alkoxy, lower alkoxy substituted with cyclic aminocarbonyl of 4 to 6 carbon atoms, lower alkoxycarbonyl or carboxy; R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkoxy or lower alkoxy substituted with one or two lower alkoxycarbonyl or carboxy groups; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be bonded to each other to form methylenedioxy substituted with carboxy or lower alkoxycarbonyl; and m and n are 0 or 1), and their pharmacologically acceptable salts, which have a potent .beta.3 adrenergic stimulating effect and high .beta.3 adrenergic receptor selectivity, as well as to processes for their production and intermediates in their production.
Abstract: The present invention provides illudin analogs of the general formula (I): ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is (CH.sub.2).sub.n --X--Y or H; n is 0 to 4; X is O or S or N or absent; and Y is an optionally substituted (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.10)aryl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.10)aryl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or cyclo(C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkyl optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms; a monosaccharide, an amino acid residue, or H when n is 2-4;R.sub.2 is absent; or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together comprise a 5-7 membered cyclic ring;R.sub.3 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or H; R.sub.4 is H, SCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, O--(C.sub.5 -C.sub.12)aryl or --S--(C.sub.5 -C.sub.12)aryl; R.sub.5 is H, OH or absent; R.sub.6 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or absent; R.sub.7 is OH or OSi((C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl).sub.3 ; orR.sub.6 and R.sub.7 together are ethylenedioxy;R.sub.8 is optionally substituted (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl; andthe bonds represented by ----- are individually present or absent.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 1, 1999
Date of Patent:
May 30, 2000
Assignee:
The Regents of the University of California
Abstract: Bacillus subtilis protease catalyzes the acylation of organic solvent-insoluble polysaccharides in isooctane solution containing vinyl esters of fatty acids as acyl donor. The reaction occurs only when the enzyme is solubilized via ion-pairing with the anionic surfactant dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt (AOT). Enzyme based acylation was demonstrated with amylose, cyclodextrins, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, and other polysaccharides such as chitosan, pullulan, and maltodextrose. These polysaccharides are reactive either as a cryogenically milled powder suspended in the organic solvent or as a thin film deposited onto ZnSe slides. For chitosan, .alpha.-cyclodextrin, and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), the enzymatic crosslinking reaction occurs using adipic acid divinyl ester (C6DVE). HEC forms a compound that gels in solvents such as ethyl alcohol and dimethyl sulfone oxide (DMSO). Electron spectroscopy chemical analysis (ESCA) of the first 100 .ANG.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 27, 1996
Date of Patent:
May 16, 2000
Assignee:
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army
Inventors:
Joseph A. Akkara, David L. Kaplan, Ferdinando F. Bruno, Jonathan S. Dordick
Abstract: Disclosed is a process for upgrading paper-grade wood pulp to dissolving grade pulp which is suitable for use in the preparation of viscose rayon, cellulose ethers and cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate. The process utilizes a sequence of caustic extraction, xylanase treatment and caustic extraction to remove most of the xylan, which may be recovered for use in the production of xylose, xylitol, and furans.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 2, 1997
Date of Patent:
May 2, 2000
Assignee:
Eastman Chemical Company
Inventors:
John Anthony Hyatt, Richard William Fengl, Kevin Joseph Edgar, Maria Teresa Alvarez-Wright
Abstract: The invention relates to a new isolated polysaccharide originating from Streptococcus thermophilus comprising the following repeat structure, and which may be use for the preparation of a food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition intended for inhibiting .beta.-galactoside specific lectins.
Abstract: The invention relates to novel alkoxyacrylic thiol esters, to a plurality of processes for their preparation and to their use as fungicides, and to novel intermediates and to a plurality of processes for their preparation.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 10, 1998
Date of Patent:
April 25, 2000
Assignee:
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Herbert Gayer, Peter Gerdes, Ulrich Heinemann, Bernd-Wieland Kruger, Ralf Tiemann, Klaus Stenzel, Stefan Dutzmann, Gerd Hanssler
Abstract: Disclosed are a method and process for preparing a hydroxyalkyl starch. In accordance with the disclosed invention, the starch is treated with an enzyme under conditions to increase the susceptibility of the starch to hydroxyalkylation by a hydroxyalkylating agent. After the starch is so treated, the starch is hydroxyalkylated with a hydroxyalkylating agent. The hydroxyalkylation reaction can proceed to provide a starch having an MS greater than about 0.2, while still remaining in granular form in the aqueous suspension. The method of the invention thus provides a granular starch having a higher MS than is otherwise attainable via a reaction in aqueous media.
Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of crystallised maltulose monohydrate, characterised in that it comprises the steps of preparing an aqueous maltulose solution of a strength above 65% by weight, concentrating the aqueous maltulose solution to a dry matter ratio of more than 50% by weight and at a temperature such that the degree of maltulose supersaturation is less than 1, cooling the concentrated solution so as to take the degree of maltulose supersaturation to a value above 1, crystallising the maltulose in said supersaturated solution by cooling it at a controlled speed and by stirring, obtaining the separation, recuperation and drying of the maltulose monohydrate crystals.
Abstract: A method for removing a high boiling solvent from a pharmaceutical composition dissolved in the high boiling solvent comprising adding a low boiling co-solvent to the solution to form a mixture of the high boiling solvent and the low boiling co-solvent, and removing the solvent/co-solvent mixture under vacuum.
Abstract: Phospholanes and diphospholanes of the formula I ##STR1## where: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, independently of one another, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl,R.sup.1 is also hydrogen,A is either R.sup.1 or ##STR2## B is a linker having 1-5 carbon atoms between the two phosphorus atoms, and their use as catalyst in asymmetric synthesis.
Abstract: The present invention provides a novel substance which promotes the production and secretion of mucin in ophthalmic tissues.The therapeutic agent for keratoconjunctiva diseases according to the present invention contains gefarnate as an active ingredient. This therapeutic agent for keratoconjunctiva diseases is applicable to dry eye, keratitis, conjunctivitis, corneal erosion, corneal ulcer, etc. The dosage form is preferably an ophthalmic solution. Concentration of gefarnate is, for example, 0.1-3% (w/v).
Abstract: Disclosed are the novel C-glycoside compounds Mer-1020dA, Mer-1020dB, Mer-1020dC and Mer-1020dD which have a chromophore group in common with well-known chrysomycins A and B, but can be distinguished from the chrysomycins and the like in that the novel C-glycoside compounds have a sugar residue having a higher degree of oxidation, as well as the compound Mer-1020dE comprising only the chromophore thereof. Among these compounds, the C-glycoside compounds are antibiotics which have low toxicity and can strongly inhibit the growth of solid cancer cells in particular.
Abstract: Reaction at the interface of an organic solution containing an acidic reactant and an aqueous alkaline solution containing nonreducing carbohydrates such as sucrose, sugar alcohols, cyclodextrins, and polysaccharides imparts a specificity to the reaction for one or more of the primary alcohol groups of the carbohydrate reactant. The resulting activated, nonreducing carbohydrate intermediate can then be converted to a series of substantially pure, low molecular weight reaction products, including a sucrose trimer and dianhydrosucrose, and to a series of substantially pure, higher molecular weight reaction products, including 6-O-sucro cyclodextrins and poly-6-O-sucro amylose.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 13, 1998
Date of Patent:
February 29, 2000
Assignee:
Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.
Abstract: A method for obtaining sulphated polysaccharides using the free radical depolymerization of a fucan from Phaeophyceae in the presence of a metal catalyst and of hydrogen peroxide is described. The method of the invention provides polysaccharide fractions with a molecular weight of 10,000 g/mol or less, with anticoagulant properties.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 6, 1998
Date of Patent:
February 22, 2000
Assignees:
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Francais de Recherche Pour L'Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer)
Abstract: A preparation having increased in vivo tolerability comprising a glycosyl-Y[--C(.dbd.Y)--X--].sub.p --W(R).sub.n --X--C(.dbd.Y)-active compound, sugar or sugar alcohol and, optionally divalent ions, and a pharmaceutically tolerable carrier.
Abstract: This process for the production of 2-keto-D-gluconic acid starts from D-glucose. D-glucose is catalytically oxidised using molecular oxygen in a one-pot process. The oxidation is performed in the presence of well-known Pt/Pb catalysts. The initial reaction to D-gluconic acid is performed at constant pH between 7 and 10. There after the reaction is continued without pH control. This process results in a high selectivity compared with known processes.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 25, 1998
Date of Patent:
January 25, 2000
Assignee:
Cerestar Holdings B.V.
Inventors:
Myriam Elseviers, Sonia Marianne Jeannine Coomans, Hilde Odile Jozefine Lemmens, Harald Wilhelm Walter Roper
Abstract: A spectrophotometric assay for the detection of acetaminophen in aqueous fluids can be carried out with a dry analytical element. The element comprises a support having thereon one or more reagent layers containing a first enzyme, aryl acylamidase, to cleave the amide bond of acetaminophen to produce p-aminophenol; a second enzyme, ascorbic acid oxidase, to oxidize the p-aminophenol so that it couples to a water soluble coupling agent to form a dye that is read at 670 nm. The assay is precise, accurate on serum and plasma samples, and relatively free from significant interferences. The element also allows measurement over a broad dynamic range.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 15, 1992
Date of Patent:
January 18, 2000
Assignee:
Clinical Diagnostic Systems, Inc.
Inventors:
James Robert Schaeffer, John Charles Mauck, Robert Francis Winterkorn, Thomas Charles Arter