Abstract: A hydrogen producing apparatus includes a reforming unit, a feed unit, and a heating unit. The reforming unit includes a casing defining a receiving space and having gas intake and outlet ports, a plurality of reformers disposed in the receiving space, at least one gas pipe winding around one of the reformers, and a connecting pipe in fluidic communication with the gas pipe. The feed unit is in fluidic communication with the reformers and the connecting pipe such that air delivered from the gas intake port through the gas pipe and the connecting pipe is mixed with a fuel in the feed unit to form a reactant mixture to be fed to the reformers for hydrogen production. The heating unit includes a heater connected to the casing.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for the pre-capture of carbon from natural gas and/or other light gaseous hydrocarbons and oils, and for co-firing the resulting hydrogen and any remaining hydrocarbons with higher carbon ratio fuels, such as coal and heavy oils and even lower carbon ratio natural gas, in a steam electric generator and/or other boilers, processes, reactors, power plants, engines and combustion turbines, and combined cycle units, to reduce their carbon dioxide production and emissions to the environment, and for co-processing the syngas with other feed materials to react them in a separate vessel and produce a desired outcome.

Abstract: The thermochemical conversion of biomass material to one or more reaction products includes generating thermal energy with at least one heat source, providing a volume of feedstock, providing a volume of supercritical fluid, transferring a portion of the generated thermal energy to the volume of supercritical fluid, transferring at least a portion of the generated thermal energy from the volume of supercritical fluid to the volume of feedstock, and performing a thermal decomposition process on the volume of feedstock with the thermal energy transferred from the volume of supercritical fluid to the volume of the feedstock in order to form at least one reaction product.

Abstract: A secondary battery pack includes: a secondary battery module including battery cells and cooling fins; a first structure provided under the secondary battery module and including a cooling channel and a coupling bracket; and a second structure provided over the secondary battery module and including a printed circuit board.

Abstract: A steam reformer, with a combustion chamber, catalyst tubes arranged in several rows, with burners for heating the catalyst tubes, with feed conduits each for supplying the catalyst tubes with educt gas and the burners with air and fuel gas, with collecting conduits for discharging the product gas, with channels for discharging the burner waste gases from the combustion chamber, wherein the ceilings of the channels each are formed by the bottom or the ceiling of the combustion chamber, and wherein the channels for discharging the burner waste gases are designed such that the flow velocity of the burner waste gases is constant along the entire length of the channels, as seen vertically to the catalyst tubes.

Abstract: A battery pack structure of a vehicle, may include a cell module assembly formed by stacking a plurality of cell modules, end plates coupled to both side end portions of the cell module assembly, and support plates coupled to the top and the bottom of the cell module assembly and both side end portions of the end plates to bring the cell modules in contact with each other.

Abstract: A gasification reactor comprises a pressure shell; a reaction zone partly bounded by a tubular membrane wall enclosed by the pressure shell; at least one burner having a burner head, said burner head protruding the membrane wall; at least one cooling device arranged in the membrane wall and enclosing the burner head of at least one burner, the at least one cooling device comprising several concentric rings of increasing diameter, forming a truncated cone shape having a largest diameter opening facing the reaction zone and a smallest diameter opening facing the burner head, each ring being a conduit having an inlet and an outlet for a cooling medium, the smallest diameter opening for the burner head being located between the pressure shell and the membrane wall; the cooling device comprising at least one part-circular outer ring having an interruption.

Abstract: A secondary battery including a first electrode structure; a second electrode structure spaced apart from the first electrode structure; and an electrolyte layer disposed between the first electrode structure and the second electrode structure, wherein the first electrode structure includes: a current collector layer; and plurality of first active material plates electrically connected to the current collector layer, protruding from the current collector layer, and including a first active material, wherein each plate of the plurality of first active material plates has a width and a length greater than the width, and the plurality of first active material plates are spaced apart from one another in a widthwise direction and in a lengthwise direction, and wherein the electrolyte layer extends into gaps between the plurality of first active material plates along the lengthwise direction.

Abstract: A bipolar plate with a coolant flow channel, includes a fuel flow field plate and an oxidant flow field plate. The bipolar plate includes an alignment area and at least two misalignment areas. In a fuel cell stack containing the bipolar plate, a coolant is enabled to flow from a coolant inlet channel to a coolant flow channel of one misalignment area without passing through a coolant flow channel of the alignment area. Also, the coolant is enabled to flow from a coolant flow channel of the other misalignment area to a coolant outlet channel without passing through the coolant flow channel of the alignment area.

Abstract: A universal feeder system that combines with a fluidized bed gasification reactor for the treatment of multiple diverse feedstocks including sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, wood waste, refuse derived fuels, automotive shredder residue and non-recyclable plastics. The invention thereby also illustrates a method of gasification for multiple and diverse feedstocks using a universal feeder system. The feeder system comprises one or more feed vessels and at least one live bottom dual screw feeder. The feed vessel is rectangular shaped having three vertical sides and an angled side of no less than 60 degrees from the horizontal to facilitate proper flow of feedstock material that have different and/or variable flow properties. The feedstocks are transferred through an open bottom chute to a live bottom dual screw feeder and through another open bottom chute to a transfer screw feeder that conveys feedstock to the fuel feed inlets of a gasifier.

Abstract: Provided is cathode active material powder or a cathode that is capable of improving the cycle characteristics of nonaqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries at high voltage and exhibiting excellent capacity retention. The powder has a composition of: Lix?wNawCo1?yMyO2+z (0.950?x?1.100, 0<y?0.050, ?0.1?z?0.1, 0?w?0.020; M: rare earth elements, Ti, Zr, Mo, Mn, Ni, Cu, Al, Ga, etc), and a core-shell structure composed of a lithium-containing composite oxide region as core and a Li-ion-conductive oxide region as shell. The core contains Li, Co, and oxygen, and has Co concentration of not higher than 90% as calculated by formula: ((Co concentration on shell external surface)/(Co concentration at shell boundary of core/shell structure))×100. The shell is an amorphous layer containing La, Ti, Co, and oxygen, covering the core at least partly.

Abstract: A method for injecting an electrolyte of a pouch type battery is provided. The method includes pressing the pouch type battery that has a gas pocket on a first side thereof to move gas generated from the battery toward the gas pocket. The gas pocket is then pierced using a needle type injector and an electrolyte is injected through the pierced portion. The electrolyte injected into the gas pocket is moved toward a second side of the battery and the gas pocket is pierced to remove the gas under a vacuum and seal the battery.

Abstract: A battery pack includes an array frame having a fastener housing, a mounting insert positioned within the fastener housing, and a column bolt extending through the mounting insert. The mounting insert may be secured to a battery pack enclosure structure using one or more fasteners.

Abstract: A battery pack includes: a plurality of battery cells; a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells and including first and second surfaces opposite each other; and first and second electrode tabs electrically connecting each of the plurality of battery cells and the PCB substrate and respectively connected to conductive pads that have different polarities and are located on the first surface of the PCB substrate. The battery pack has an improved structure for easily electrically connecting the battery cells.

Abstract: Integrated liquid fuel catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) reformer and fuel cell systems can include a plurality or an array of spaced-apart CPOX reactor units, each reactor unit including an elongate tube having a gas-permeable wall with internal and external surfaces, the wall enclosing an open gaseous flow passageway with at least a portion of the wall having CPOX catalyst disposed therein and/or comprising its structure. The catalyst-containing wall structure and open gaseous flow passageway enclosed thereby define a gaseous phase CPOX reaction zone, the catalyst-containing wall section being gas-permeable to allow gaseous CPOX reaction mixture to diffuse therein and hydrogen rich product reformate to diffuse therefrom. The liquid fuel CPOX reformer also can include a vaporizer, one or more igniters, and a source of liquid reformable fuel. The hydrogen-rich reformate can be converted to electricity within a fuel cell unit integrated with the liquid fuel CPOX reactor unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a silicon-carbon-based composite negative electrode active material, and a negative electrode for a secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same, and particularly to a silicon-carbon-based composite negative electrode active material, in which physical stability is improved by including a carbon-based core capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions and at least one silicon particle included in the carbon-based core and disposed in the form of being distributed in an outer portion of the carbon-based core, and a negative electrode for a secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery in which life characteristics are improved by including the same.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a hydrogen-containing product by steam-hydrocarbon reforming of multiple hydrocarbon feedstocks in a production facility utilizing a prereformer in addition to the primary reformer. The temperature of the reactant mixture introduced into the prereformer is controlled depending on the composition of the reactant mixture fed to the prereformer.

Abstract: Various embodiments that pertain to oxygen enrichment are described. Oxygen enrichment is shown to allow for independent control of both reformer residence time and the oxygen-to-carbon ratio during reforming. This allows for much better control over the reformer and for significant gains in reformer through-put without negative impacts to reformer performance. Additionally, the use of oxygen enriched reforming is shown to result in enhanced reformer performance, reduced degradation from catalyst poisons (carbon formation and sulfur) and enhanced fuel cell stack performance due to greatly increased hydrogen concentration in the reformate.

Abstract: A large-scale fluidized bed biogasifier provided for gasifying biosolids. The biogasifier includes a reactor vessel with a pipe distributor and at least two fuel feed inlets for feeding biosolids into the reactor vessel at a desired fuel feed rate of more than 40 tons per day with an average of about 100 tons per day during steady-state operation of the biogasifier. A fluidized bed in the base of the reactor vessel has a cross-sectional area that is proportional to at least the targeted fuel feed rate such that the superficial velocity of gas is in the range of 0.1 m/s (0.33 ft/s) to 3 m/s (9.84 ft/s). In operation, biosolids are heated inside the fluidized bed reactor to a temperature range between 900° F. (482.2° C.) and 1600° F. (871.1° C.).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for using fuel cell. The fuel cell includes a container, wherein the container comprises a housing and a nozzle, and the housing defines through holes; the housing defines a chamber and an opening; the nozzle has a first end in air/fluid communication with the opening and a second end; and a membrane electrode assembly, which is flexible, on the container to form a curved membrane electrode assembly surrounding the chamber and covering the through holes, wherein the membrane electrode assembly comprises a proton exchange membrane having a first surface and a second surface, a cathode electrode on the first surface and an anode electrode on the second surface. The method includes at least partially immersing the fuel cell in a fuel; and supplying an oxidizing gas into the chamber.