Abstract: A superconductive mirror assembly whose reflectivity can be varied is disclosed. This assembly contains an optionally transparent substrate, a superconductive film formed on the substrate, means for measuring the temperature of the superconductive film, means for measuring the reflectivity of the superconductive film, and means for varying the reflectivity of the superconductive film.

Abstract: A lens for a light emitting diode (LED) lamp is formed as two ellipses rather than as one. The ellipses are axially symmetric and are translated away from the optical axis with each ellipse having a focus located on the LED chip away from the central bond pad so that the bond pad shadow does not decrease on-axis light intensity. In alternative embodiments, the depression located at the intersection of the two ellipses is flattened and the axes of the two ellipses are translated away from the optical axis and are also tilted.

Abstract: A focusing, collimating, and beamsplitting test system for testing laser rangefinders for their beam quality, ranging accuracy, and sight unit alignment. The system includes holographic optical elements in place of conventional mirrors, lenses and beamsplitters. The advantages of this system are that it not only reduces the size and weight of optical elements, but also reduces the number of required elements. Consequently, the resulting test equipment requires less labor to assemble and is more compact and much lighter than conventional test systems.

Abstract: A diffraction grating has a reflection film formed on a photosensitive layer disposed on a substrate through exposure followed by development and the groove profile thus formed has a configuration distorted from a sinusoidal form because the sensitivity curve of the photosensitive layer is of the second order non-linearity to the exposure amount. With the groove pitch expressed by d, K=2 .pi./d, the coordinate perpendicular to the groove direction taken as x, and the groove profile .eta.(x) expressed as .eta.(x)=h [sin (Kx)+.gamma.sin (2Kz-90.degree.)], the parameters h, .gamma. and .phi. satisfy as follows:0.26.ltoreq.2h/d.ltoreq.0.520.05.ltoreq..gamma..ltoreq.0.32.The wavelength region to be used is normalized by the groove pitch d as 0.67.ltoreq..lambda./d.ltoreq.1.15. When an incident angle is expressed by .theta. and the first order Littrow angle is expressed by .theta..sub.L, the mount to be used is carried out in such a region that satisfies the following expression:.theta..sub.L -5.degree..ltoreq..

Abstract: An auxiliary mirror angle changing device comprising an auxiliary mirror frame sidewise extensible from the inside to the outside of a main mirror frame and a control electric circuit and a digital motor controlled by said circuit to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise actuated by a switch to incline the auxiliary mirror frame to an angle wanted.

Abstract: Spectacle frames are provided for use with either prescription lenses, safety lenses, or the like, the frames having a lens-holding substructure with two lens-holding rims joined at the center section by a bridge piece, and two head-engaging members pivotably attached at or near the bridge piece to a top surface thereof, and extending upwardly and around to the side of a wearer's head, the head-engaging members terminating at ear-engaging portions. The pivotable attachment of the head-engaging members to the lens-holding substructure is effected by snap-fitting a cylindrical pin having a ball element at its end, which extends from a forward end of each head-engaging member, into one of a pair of cylindrical bores, each terminating at a spherical socket, which are disposed at and extend into the lens-holding substructure at or near the bridge piece.

Abstract: A rearview mirror conventional in apparance but which allows a vehicle operator to see the "blind spot" that is associated with conventional mirrors. A concave area is on the back surface of the mirror, which when viewed from the front of the mirror is a convex area, and the area has a constant rate of convexity. The concave area is disposed outwardly of the remainder of the mirror, which has a flat reflective surface. The instantaneous transfer of images from the flat to the convex area eliminates distortion of the object being viewed. The mirror may have a backer for protecting the reflective surface and for facilitating securing the mirror in a conventional rearview mirror frame.

Abstract: Disclosed are multi-stage systems for high flux transformation of solar energy allowing for uniform solar intensification by a factor of 60,000 suns or more. Preferred systems employ a focusing mirror as a primary concentrative device and a non-imaging concentrator as a secondary concentrative device with concentrative capacities of primary and secondary stages selected to provide for net solar flux intensification of greater than 2000 over 95 percent of the concentration area. Systems of the invention are readily applied as energy sources for laser pumping and in other photothermal energy utilization processes.

Abstract: The mirror assembly of the present invention includes a frame which house the mirror, a mirror frame, a rigid tubular member, and means for mounting the mirror frame to the vehicle. The mirror assembly is for mounting onto an exterior front surface of a vehicle, preferably, in the shape of a one-fourth of an ellipsoid. The mirror surface is in the shape of a convex triangle, having a variable radius of curvature. The mirror is in the shape of a portion of a quadratic surface. The mirror is formed by the intersection of each of two parallel planes with the quadratic surface. The mirror surface has a plurality of radii of curvature. The mirror provides the driver of the vehicle with a field of view which is substantially greater than angle of the quadratic surface about a vertical axis. The top portion of the ellipsoid which provides a field of view over the driver, and the side of the ellipsoid which provides a field of view of the front of the vehicle are eliminated from the mirror surface.

Abstract: An optical apparatus for simulating a highly interconnected neural network is disclosed as including a spatial light modulator (SLM), an inputting device, a laser, a detecting device, and a page-oriented hologaphic component. The inputting device applies input signals to the SLM. The holographic component optically interconnects N.sup.2 pixels defined on the spatial light modulator to N.sup.2 pixels defined on a detecting surface of the detecting device. The interconnections are made by N.sup.2 patterns of up to N.sup.2 interconnection weight encoded beams projected by N.sup.2 planar, or essentially two-dimensional, holograms arranged in a spatially localized array within the holographic component. The SLM modulates the encoded beams and directs them onto the detecting surface wherein a parameter of the beams is evaluated at each pixel thereof.

Abstract: A magneto-optical information reproducing apparatus includes a device for applying a light beam polarized in a predetermined direction to a recording medium on which information is magnetically recorded, a first divider for dividing the reflected or transmitted light beam from the medium modulated into a polarized state in conformity with the information by magneto-optical effect into two light beams polarized in directions orthogonal to each other, the first divider being disposed so that the directions of polarization of the divided two light beams form an angle of 45.degree. with respect to the predetermined direction of polarization of the applied light beam, and a detector for detecting the divided two light beams.

Abstract: An anti-reflection device for a VDT has an anti-reflection film for minimizing the amount of light reflecting on the surface of the screen of a CRT display and at least two frames, including an inner frame in which the anti-reflection film is stretched and an outer frame encircling the inner frame and attached to a display frame formed around the screen of the CRT display. The inner frame is supported for rotation about a non-horizontal axis and can be fixed at a desired angular position, thereby enabling the angle of the surface of the anti-reflection film to be adjusted to minimize reflection.

Abstract: An optical reflector includes a substrate, an absorbing layer deposited on the substrate for absorbing light within a broad range of wavelengths, and a rugate film deposited on the absorbing layer and adapted to reflect wavelengths of light within a predetermined range. The reflector may further include a buffer layer disposed between the substrate and the absorbing layer for promoting the adhesion of the absorbing layer to the substrate.

Abstract: A lightweight cooled mirror is disclosed in which cooling of the mirror's reflecting surface is provided by a two-phase fluid contained in an enclosed chamber behind the reflecting surface. The chamber includes an evaporator section in contact with the reflecting surface and a condenser section spaced apart from the reflecting section. The fluid is capable of existing in both liquid and gaseous states. When in a liquid state, the fluid can absorb heat from the reflecting surface which transforms the liquid into a gas. The gas is transported away from the reflecting surface to a section in the enclosed chamber where it gives up the absorbed heat by condensation and is converted back into a liquid which is reused to absorb additional heat from the reflecting surface. The liquid is transported back toward the reflecting surface by a wicking action to complete the closed loop fluid flow system.

Abstract: A spectral filter for use in optical systems receiving field-of-view (FOV) optical beams at differing angles refracts all FOV beams onto a single plane focal surface. The spectral filter comprises a combination of lens having varied thicknesses incorporated into a single filter unit. Each thickness, or step, of the spectral filter corresponds to a different one of the received FOV beams.

Abstract: Eye wear is described which is useful as sunglasses, safety glasses, etc. The product includes a unitary plastic lens piece or shield having a uniform thickness. The side edges of the lens piece are folded rearwardly to form side shields. A brow member is attached to the top edge of the lens piece and extends along the entire length of the lens piece and is perpendicular to the lens piece. Temple members attached to the ends of the lens piece or shield preferably include an integral hinge portion. The eye wear product can be made from plastic sheets. Preferably the lens piece includes integral nose support pads which are adjustable.

Abstract: A sunglass, which includes a glass with a pair of of spectacle bows connected thereto by means of a pair of fastening elements. The fastening elements each includes a front opening defining therein two retaining recessed for convenient connection with either part of snap ends made at both sides of the glass without the use of any screw elements.

Abstract: An exterior rearview mirror assembly that is attached to the side wall of the door of a vehicle having a mirror shell housing mounted on the side wall and a mirror mounting bracket mounted in cantilever fashion on the side wall. The mirror mounting bracket preferably comprises a body having a triangular shape cross section with first and second side walls forming a cavity, the cavity opening to a third side. A plurality of truss walls are interposed between the first and second side walls of the mirror mounting bracket and are constructed and arranged to increase the damping characteristics and natural frequency of the mirror mounting bracket.

Abstract: An automotive windshield for a head up display system is disclosed. The windshield includes a hologram embedded within the windshield assembly. In fabricating the windshield, the hologram, is deposited on a carrier substrate. The hologram is initially adhered to the windshield interlayer and the carrier substrate is removed, leaving the hologram. The windshield is then assembled and laminated.

Abstract: The corneal reflection virtual image of an index mark for cornea shape measurement is displaced by a variation in the working distance, but a light beam regulating device for extracting the corneal reflection light whose principal light ray is a light ray corresponding to the direction of displacement thereof is provided at a particular position in a cornea shape measuring optical system to thereby eliminate any measurement error based on the variation in the working distance. When a different region of the cornea is to be measured with the index mark displaced in the direction of the optic axis, a predetermined principal light ray conforming to the position of the index mark in the direction of the optic axis is caused to enter the light beam regulating device.