Abstract: A process for converting copper phthalocyanine into a pigmentary form, wherein finely divided crude copper phthalocyanine, which has crystallized irregularly and is heavily agglomerated, is finished in the presence of basic copper phthalocyanines of the formula ##STR1## WHERE CuPc is an n-valent copper phthalocyanine radical, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl, A is alkylene of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or cycloalkyl and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl, or the group ##STR2## is a saturated 5-membered, 6-membered or 7-membered heterocyclic ring and n is from 1 to 6, in from 50 to 75% strength by weight sulfuric acid at from room temperature to 100.degree. C.The pigments obtained are of significantly greater tinctorial strength than the pigmentary forms obtained in the absence of basic copper phthalocyanines.

Abstract: Zinc orthotitanate (Zn.sub.2 TiO.sub.4) suitable for use as a pigment for spacecraft thermal control coatings is prepared by heating a slightly zinc-deficient reaction mixture of precipitated oxalates of zinc and titanium. The reaction mixture can be formed by co-precipitation of zinc and titanium oxalates from chloride solution or by mixing separately precipitated oxalates. The mixture is first heated to 400.degree. to 600.degree. C to remove volatiles and is then rapidly heated at 900.degree. to 1200.degree. C. Zinc orthotitanate produced by this method exhibits the very fine particle size needed for thermal control coatings as well as stability in a space environment.

Abstract: An alumina-chrome refractory composition comprises 30-60% by weight of alumina-silica type material containing 50-95% by weight of alumina with the major part in coarse particle size, and 70-40% by weight of chrome type material with the major part in fine particle size. In a modification, the alumina-chrome refractory composition comprises 70-99% by weight of a mix consisting of the alumina-silica type material and chrome type material in the above percentages, and 1-30% by weight of at least one of the materials selected from the group consisting of alumina, zircon, zirconia, magnesia, spinel, clay, silicon carbide and titanium oxide in fine particle size ranges.

Abstract: A method for producing precipitated silicic acid pigments and silicates having a unique combination of physical and chemical properties is disclosed. The pigments are produced by acidulating alkali metal silicate solutions which contain a salt or electrolyte, such as sodium sulfate, which serves to pre-polymerize the said silicate solution. Pigments produced in accordance with the invention exhibit lower wet cake moisture (or higher percent solids) and are characterized by their low structure, low oil absorption, high abrasiveness and high pack density. The products can be used as abrasive and polishing agents in dentifrice compositions, in the production of molecular sieves, in paints and the like. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, an adduct material, such as aluminum, is added to control the refractive index of the precipitated pigment.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composition produced from rubber containing polymeric hydrocarbons and carbon black by pyrolyzing and grinding such rubber with heated balls for a sufficient length of time to vaporize and depolymerize the hydrocarbons and to produce a solid char material having a very fine particle size, said char material being free of nondecomposed rubber and coke and having a benzene discoloration number of greater than 70% and preferably 90%, and the related method of making the composition. If the rubber also contains fiberglass and metal, the solid material produced in the pyrolyzing and grinding step will contain fiberglass and metal. The fiberglass and metal are separated from the solid char particles by mechanical means using no caustic, acid or organic solvents. The resulting char may be used, among other things, as a substitute for carbon black in the production of various products such as tires.

Abstract: Reactive pigments and methods of producing the same for use in manifold copy systems is provided in which a member from the group consisting of bentonite and montmorillonite is admixed with kaolinite, added to an aqueous solution of a polyvalent cation, a ligand is added and the solids separated, dried and pulverized.

Abstract: Nacreous pigment products comprising mica particles coated with translucent layers consisting essentially of titanium dioxide in the rutile form. A process for the preparation of such pigment products is disclosed, involving treatment with tin compounds, so that the TiO.sub.2 coating will crystallize mainly in the rutile form rather than as anatase during calcination of the pigment. The rutile-coated mica exhibits markedly enhanced light stability as compared with anatase-coated mica pigment products.

Abstract: This invention provides an absorbent composition comprising a reactant product of (1) amines or amides; (2) carbon disulfide, or carbonyl sulfide; (3) polyvalent metal ions; and, (4) a water-dispersable reactive polymeric material. A water-soluble silicate may be present as an optional material during the reaction. The reaction is carried out in an alkaline water solution or dispersion, and the above noted absorbent composition then precipitates.The resulting absorbent composition may be used as an ion exchange medium; to form lakes by absorption of dyes soluble or dispersable in water or water-immiscible solvents; to absorb from water solutions or dispersions of toxic or otherwise objectionable materials such as chromates, lead or mercury salts, etc.

Abstract: An easy dispersing alkali blue type pigment product and a process for making the same is provided which retains the color strength per unit alkali blue present of a flushed color product, but which contains less oil phase than a flushed color and is a free-flowing powder. The pigment can be very easily dispersed in oleoresinous systems such as printing inks, paints, plastics and the like to develop an outstanding fineness of grind and substantially full color strength.The pigmentary product of this invention is free-flowing and contains at least about 50% by weight of alkali blue pigment solids, and preferably more, coprecipitated with at least one organic dispersant of the anionic class containing at least eight carbon atoms, said dispersant is soluble in aqueous alkaline solutions and precipitated therefrom upon acidification.

Abstract: A method for reducing the viscosity and for refining crude kaolin clays is disclosed. The inherent viscosities or crude kaolin clay ores, particularly those having acceptable optical and purity properties for use in preparing paper coating pigments, but normally rejected because of their high inherent viscosities, are significantly reduced by contacting an aqueous slurry of the crude clay with an inorganic polymeric complex having the general formula[AI(OH).sub.y A.sub.3.sub.-y ].sub.xwherein x = 6 to 24, y = 1.0 to 2.75 and A is selected from the group consisting of Cl.sup.-, (SO.sub.4 .sup.=).sub.0.5 and NO.sub.3 .sup.-. In a preferred embodiment the above treated clay is also subjected to a high shear mixing action or kneading prior to further conventional processing procedures, such as fractionation, leaching, etc.

Abstract: A method of producing fine-disperse alkylated silica compounds, characterized in that starting fine-disperse silica is subjected to treatment with water vapors at a temperature of 110.degree.-120.degree. C to attain the humidification degree of from 2 to 40 micromoles H.sub.2 O/m.sup.2 SiO.sub.2, the thus humidified silica being then treated with vapors of alkylchlorosilane at a temperature of 250.degree. to 310.degree. C. The method of the invention allows controlling the concentration of grafted alkyl groups in the resultant product within the range of from 4.7 to 8.0 micromoles of grafted alkyl groups per m.sup.2 of the surface of SiO.sub.2. Starting silica can be modified with oxides of metals, such as aluminium, titanium, iron or zirconium oxides, the resultant products exhibiting good hydrophobic properties when used as thickeners for lubrication materials.

Abstract: The addition of sodium phosphate to a dilute solution of alkali metal silicate, precipitates microfine silica that is readily dispersible.

Abstract: Microfine silicas that are useful as rubber reinforcing fillers and thickening agents, and are readily dispersible are prepared by modifying the surface layer of the silica. The surface modification results from including in or affixing to the surface of the silica certain inorganic polyvalent ions.

Abstract: A pigment dispersion comprisingI. a pigmentIi. a carboxy ester having an acid value in the range of from 15 to 140 mg KOH/g and having been formed by the reaction of:A. a compound of formula ROH, or a mixture of such compounds, wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl residue, each having from 12 to 30 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyterminated carboxylic acid ester having from 12 to 100 carbon atoms, withB. trimellitic acid or a derivative thereof and optionallyC. a diol of the formula HO-Y-OH wherein Y is a straight or branched alkylene residue having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, optionally containing in addition, an alkyl or alkylene side chain of 2 to 22 carbon atoms, attached by an ether or ester linkage, or Y is a hydrocarbon residue having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing ether or thioether linkages, and optionallyIii. an organic liquid is useful for paints, lacquers and inks, especially gravure ink systems having excellent tinctorial strength and flow properties.

Abstract: A reduced charge montmorillonite pigment useful as a color-former in record material, especially pressure-sensitive carbonless copying record systems. The pigment is produced by replacing exchangeable cations of a selected dioctahedral montmorillonite crude clay (exemplified by certain bentonite clays) with a predetermined amount of lithium ions, mildly heating the lithium-exchanged montmorillonite to collapse irreversibly the montmorillonite structure, and grinding the heat-treated material to pigment-size particles, the grinding preferably being carried out in a fluid energy mill. When the pigment particles are coated on paper, the coated sheets produce stabilized intense images when printed with a solution of crystal violet lactone (CVL) dye precursor and thus may be used in record material with CVL without employing secondary slow acting dyes such as benzoyl leuco methylene blue. The sheets are also useful with other colorless or substantially colorless dye precursors.

Abstract: A composite silicate pigment is prepared according to a precipitation reaction when spherical, hydrous metal silicate particles are precipitated on the planar surfaces of clay particles having a platelet-type structure. The result of the precipitation reaction is to produce a product having an unexpected improvement in optical efficiency as compared with the optical efficiency of the clay component alone. When incorporated in a sheet of paper or the like, the spherical metal silicate particles act as spacers between individual clay particles to produce void volume or light scattering sites which in turn provide improved optical properties to the paper.

Abstract: A composition containing BiVO.sub.4, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and SiO.sub.2, which is useful as a yellow pigment, and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: A pigmentary composition prepared by coating metallic particles of pigment by means of a polymer or copolymer, by covering the polymerization or copolymerization "in situ" of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least one oxygen or nitrogen heteroatom, and having a mono- or di-carborylic acid function, or an ester, nitrile or amide function or an N-substituted amide function, or an amine, alcohol or ether function, wherein the polymerization or copolymerization reaction is effected in a medium comprising at least one organic solvent in which the monomer is soluble and in the presence of at least one polymerization catalyst soluble in this medium, the monomer and the proportion thereof being selected so that the polymer or copolymer formed is insoluble in the organic solvent used.

Abstract: The manufacture of cement clinker in a rotary vessel wherein cement raw materials are heated to complete calcination and effect clinkering by the combustion of fuels in the gaseous atmosphere within the vessel is improved by incorporating into the cement raw materials a residual fuel having a low volatiles content and a high ignition temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed are TiO.sub.2 pigments treated to decrease their photosensitizing propensity and their tendency to degrade polymeric materials. Commercial TiO.sub.2 pigments, both anatase and rutile, treated according to the present invention with manganous, cobaltous or cerous salts, particularly acetate, are effectively desensitized.