Abstract: A process for the preparation of a composition comprising oxygenates and hydrocarbons by means of a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, said process comprising contacting a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide gases with a supported Co—Mn Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, wherein the supported synthesis catalyst comprises at least 2.5 wt % of manganese, on an elemental basis, based on the total weight of the supported synthesis catalyst; the weight ratio of manganese to cobalt, on an elemental basis, is 0.2 or greater; and, wherein carbon dioxide is present in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction is at least 5% v/v.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst precursor. The process includes calcining a loaded catalyst support comprising a silica (SiO2) catalyst support supporting cobalt nitrate to convert the cobalt nitrate into cobalt oxide. The calcination includes heating the loaded catalyst support at a high heating rate, which does not fall below 10° C./minute, during at least a temperature range A. The temperature range A is from the lowest temperature at which calcination of the loaded catalyst support begins to 165° C. Gas flow is effected over the loaded catalyst support during at least the temperature range A. The catalyst precursor is reduced to obtain a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.

Abstract: A method for preparing C2 to C5 paraffins includes introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor. Converting the feed stream into a product stream including C2 to C5 paraffins in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a microporous catalyst component; and a metal oxide catalyst component selected from (A) a bulk material consisting of gallium oxide, (B) gallium oxide present on a titanium dioxide support material, and (C) a mixture of gallium oxide and at least one promoter present on a support material selected from Group 4 of the IUPAC periodic table of elements.

Abstract: A process for producing methanol, wherein a make-up gas stream from a reformer unit is admixed with a hydrogen-containing stream from a hydrogen recovery stage to obtain a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, which is combined with a residual gas stream and the combined stream is passed through a bed of a methanol synthesis catalyst at elevated pressure and elevated temperature to obtain a product stream comprising methanol and the residual gas stream and wherein the product stream is cooled to remove methanol from the residual gas stream. Wherein a portion of the residual gas stream is removed as a purge gas stream and a portion of the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas stream is removed and combined with the purge gas stream to obtain a mixed synthesis gas stream and the mixed synthesis gas stream is sent to the hydrogen recovery stage to produce the hydrogen-containing stream.

Abstract: A process can be used for preparing methyl methacrylate (MMA), by direct oxidative esterification of methacrolein. The MMA and polymers produced therefrom feature a very low yellowness index. A workup of the reactor output from the oxidative esterification of methacrolein allows for particularly discolouring by-products to be removed or degraded without significant MMA losses.

Abstract: A method for producing a terminal carboxyl group-containing polyethylene glycol, which includes the following steps 1 and 2. Step 1: In a solution containing a polyethylene glycol having a hydroxyl group, an inorganic base 0.5 to 4 times the polyethylene glycol in mass, an aprotic solvent and water, mass of the water being 5 to 20 meq with respect to the inorganic base and mass of the water in the solution being 2,000 ppm or less, a compound of the formula (1) is reacted with the polyethylene glycol to obtain a polyethylene glycol ester: wherein X represents a leaving group, a represents an integer of 4 to 9, and R1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Step 2: The polyethylene glycol ester is hydrolyzed to obtain a terminal carboxyl group-containing polyethylene glycol.

Abstract: A processing facility is provided. The processing facility includes an asphaltenes and metals (AM) removal system configured to process a feed stream to produce a power generation stream, a hydroprocessing feed stream, and an asphaltenes stream. A power generation system is fed by the power generation feed stream. A hydroprocessing system is configured to process the hydroprocessing feed stream to form a gas stream and a liquid stream. A hydrogen production system is configured to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from the gas feed stream. A carbon dioxide conversion system is configured to produce synthetic hydrocarbons from the carbon dioxide, and a cracking system is configured to process the liquid feed stream.

Abstract: A reaction apparatus used for a continuous reaction process for the preparation of trifluoroethane includes a housing, a rotary cutting component, a submersible pump and a flow deflector. The flow deflector includes two sets of flow-deflecting plates, each set of said flow-deflecting plates including a plurality of flow-deflecting plates. Two sets of flow-deflecting plates are fixed to each of the two opposing side walls, and the two adjacent flow-deflecting plates are in offset alignment. The submersible pump is arranged inside the reaction chamber body. A liquid inlet line can connect a directly to the submersible pump without requiring the arrangement of an additional pipeline.

Abstract: Process for alkoxycarbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds using benzene-based diphosphine ligands and aluminium triflate.

Abstract: A process for producing methanol includes the following steps (a) reacting, via a catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) reaction, a CPO reactant mixture (hydrocarbon, oxygen, and optionally steam) in a CPO reactor to produce syngas including H2, CO, CO2, H2O, and unreacted hydrocarbons; and wherein the CPO reactor includes a CPO catalyst; (b) introducing the syngas to a methanol reactor to produce a methanol reactor effluent stream (methanol, water, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons); and (c) separating the methanol reactor effluent stream into a crude methanol stream, a hydrogen stream, a CO2 stream, and a purge gas stream. The crude methanol stream comprises includes methanol and water; wherein the purge gas stream includes carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons; and the CO2 stream includes at least a portion of the CO2 of the methanol reactor effluent stream; and (d) recycling at least a portion of the CO2 stream to the CPO reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a plant for producing methanol in which a compressed make-up gas stream which contains at least one carbon oxide and hydrogen is combined with a residual gas to afford a synthesis gas stream and reacted to afford methanol. According to the invention the residual gas stream and the make-up gas stream are combined using a jet pump, wherein the compressed make-up gas stream is supplied to the jet pump as motive medium via its motive media connection at a pressure p1 and the residual gas stream is supplied to the jet pump as suction medium via its suction port at a pressure p3 and wherein the synthesis gas stream is discharged from the jet pump via its pressure port at a pressure p2 and subsequently supplied to the synthesis stage and wherein p1>p2>p3.

Abstract: A composite catalyst containing heteroatom-doped zeolite for preparing light olefin using direct conversion of syngas is formed by compounding component I and component II in a mechanical mixing mode. The active ingredient of component I is a metal oxide, and the component II is a heteroatom-doped zeolite. The zeolite topology is CHA or AEI, and the skeleton atoms include Al—P—O or Si—Al—P—O; the heteroatoms is at least one of divalent metal Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Zr, Mo, Cd, Ba and Ce, trivalent metal Ti and Ga, and tetravalent metal Ge. A weight ratio of the active ingredient in the component I to the component II is 0.1-20. The reaction process has high light olefin selectivity; the sum selectivity of the light olefin including ethylene, propylene and butylene can reach 50-90%, while the selectivity of a methane side product is less than 7%.

Abstract: Hydrogen-producing fuel processing systems and related methods. The systems include a hydrogen-producing region configured to produce a mixed gas stream from a feedstock stream, a hydrogen-separation membrane module having at least one hydrogen-selective membrane and configured to separate the mixed gas stream into a product hydrogen stream and a byproduct stream, and an oxidant delivery system configured to deliver an oxidant-containing stream to the hydrogen-separation membrane module in situ to increase hydrogen permeance of the hydrogen-selective membrane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing alcohols by hydrogenation of C9 aldehydes. The process according to the invention is performed in two consecutive hydrogenation stages, wherein the first hydrogenation stage employs an activated metal catalyst based on a nickel metal foam and the second stage employs a supported catalyst containing a catalytically active component from the group consisting of nickel, copper, chromium and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A modification method of an anode for hydrogen production via electrolysis, the anode for hydrogen production via electrolysis and use thereof are provided. The modification method of the anode for hydrogen production via electrolysis includes providing an anode substrate which can be used for hydrogen production via catalytic electrolysis; and depositing a plurality of silver nano particles on the active surface of the anode substrate to form a silver nano layer, wherein gaps are present between the silver nano particles, and a part of the active surface is exposed from the gaps. In the modification method provided by the present application, the silver nano layer covers on the surface of the anode substrate, and chlorine ions are adsorbed onto the surface of silver in the process of hydrogen production via electrolysis to form a chlorine removal layer.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C4 olefins includes introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor. The feed stream is converted into a product stream including C2 to C4 olefins in the reaction zone in the presence of the hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component comprising gallium oxide and phase pure zirconia, and a microporous catalyst component.

Abstract: A petroleum residue stream is heated and reacted with an oxygen stream and a carbon dioxide stream in a gasification unit to produce syngas. At least a portion of the carbon monoxide is converted into carbon dioxide to produce shifted syngas. At least a portion of the shifted syngas is separated to produce a syngas feed stream. At least a portion of the syngas feed stream is converted into methanol. At least a portion of the methanol is converted into one or more alkenes (olefins). At least a portion of the methanol is reacted with carbon monoxide to produce acetic acid. Carbon dioxide produced in the process can be recycled to the gasification unit to facilitate the production of the syngas.

Abstract: Methods for utilizing carbon dioxide to produce multi-carbon products are disclosed. The systems and methods of the present disclosure involve: reducing CO2 to produce a first product mixture comprising an alcohol product mixture comprising one or more alcohols and a paraffin product mixture comprising one or more paraffins; dehydrating the alcohol product mixture to form an olefin product mixture comprising one or more olefins; oligomerizing the olefin product mixture to form a higher olefin product mixture comprising unsaturated paraffins and optionally aromatics; and reducing the higher olefin product mixture to form a higher hydrocarbon product mixture comprising unsaturated paraffins and optionally aromatics. Catalyst materials and reaction conditions for individual steps are disclosed to optimize yield for ethanol or jet fuel range hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method for operating a plant for synthesizing methanol, wherein a synthesis gas flow having hydrogen and carbon oxides is supplied to a synthesis gas compressor of the plant to increase the pressure of the synthesis gas flow. The pressure-increased synthesis gas flow is supplied to a methanol reactor arrangement of the plant for partial conversion to methanol. The plant has a hydrogen recovery arrangement which obtains an H-recycling flow including hydrogen from a recovery flow supplied from the methanol reactor arrangement, which hydrogen is converted at least in part to methanol. Upon failure of the synthesis gas compressor, the synthesis gas flow continues to be supplied to the methanol reactor arrangement for partial conversion to methanol. Following failure of the synthesis gas compressor, a line arrangement of the plant is switched such that the H-recycling flow is adjusted to compensate for a pressure loss in the methanol reactor arrangement.

Abstract: Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed in which the hydrocarbon reactant and either a supported chromium (VI) catalyst or a supported chromium (II) catalyst are contacted, optionally with UV-visible light irradiation, followed by exposure to an oxidizing atmosphere and then hydrolysis to form a reaction product containing the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound. The presence of oxygen significant increases the amount of alcohol/carbonyl product formed, as well as the formation of oxygenated dimers and trimers of certain hydrocarbon reactants.