Abstract: A process for producing an overbased oil soluble calcium sulfonate having a TBN of 325, said process comprising:(a) diluting a neutral calcium sulfonate with a hydrocarbon solvent and a lower alkanol;(b) adding to the diluted calcium sulfonate solution, CaO, Ca(OH).sub.2 and H.sub.2 O in molar ratios of CaO:Ca(OH).sub.2 of about 90:10 to about 20:80 and of H.sub.2 O:CaO of about 0.15:1 to about 0.30:1;(c) heating the sulfonate mixture to a temperature ranging from about 100.degree. F. to about 170.degree. F. under a pressure ranging from about 0 to about 50 psig;(d) passing CO.sub.2 into the heated sulfonate mixture for a period of about 50 to about 200 minutes;(e) adding a diluent oil to the CO.sub.2 treated sulfonate mixture;(f) separating the solids from the liquid of the sulfonate mixture; and(g) stripping the hydrocarbon solvent from the resulting over-based oil soluble sulfonate product having TBN of 325.

Abstract: Catalyst precursor compositions comprising a mixture of magnesium oxide or a source of magnesium oxide and a water insoluble zinc compound are described. The compositions are calcinable to a catalyst that is useful in reactions for the ortho-alkylation of phenols.

Abstract: Oil based compositions including crank case oils and in particular diesel engine crank case oils are disclosed which are comprised of oil having a multi-functional additive component therein. The additive component is present in sufficient amounts so as to provide improved performance characteristics to the composition such as pH stability, water tolerance and antiwear characteristics. The additive is an overbased salt of a compound represented by the general structural formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl, preferably iso-stearyl, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are independently hydrogen or aklyl, preferably hydrogen and n is 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 5. Statistical mixtures and mixed salts of the additive compound are also disclosed as are fully formulated oils. The additive is an effective pH stabilizer, EP agent, and water tolerance fix in a variety of functional fluids and lubricating compositions such as crank case oils, particularly diesel engine crank case oils.

Abstract: Metal working lubricant compositions are provided in which a dry film of a lubricant is formed on the metal being worked. The lubricant comprises an ester having a melting point of at least 100.degree. F. and a solid surfactant having an HLB number in the range of about 7-12. The surfactant is solid at room temperature and will cause the lubricant to disperse in water at a temperature exceeding the lubricant's melting point. Consequently, the solid surfactant incorporated in the dry film lubricant allows lubricant removal by washing of the metal with just hot water. The invention also provides for metal working methods in which the lubricants are used.

Abstract: A lubricating composition, preferably essentially free of zinc dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate compounds, and optionally free of chlorine containing silver lubricity agents, comprising a major proportion of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of a silver protective agent comprising the reaction product of a C.sub.5 to C.sub.60 carboxylic acid and at least one amine selected from the group consisting of (1) guanidine, urea, and thioruea compounds; (2) C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 hydrocarbyl or hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbyl mono-amines, alkylene diamines, and (3) polyalkylene polyamines; and N-alkyl glycine.

Abstract: Certain poly(olefin)-N-substituted carbamates are useful to prevent or reduce engine deposits alone or in combination with certain poly(olefin) polymers or hydrogenated forms of the polymers.

Abstract: Certain poly(olefin)-N-substituted carbamates are useful to prevent or reduce engine deposits alone or in combination with certain poly(olefin) polymers or hydrogenated forms of the polymers.

Abstract: A refrigerator oil which comprises at least one of the fluorinated compounds represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## (all the symbols are as defined in the appended claims). The refrigerator oil is effectively used as a lubricant for refrigerators, coolers, (particularly car air-conditioners), and heat pumps which use various Flon compounds as refrigerants.

Abstract: The process of reducing the coefficient of static friction on the outside surface of a metal can by applying thereto a lubricant and surface conditioner for formed metal surfaces, particularly beverage containers, which reduces the coefficient of static friction of said metal surfaces and enables drying said metal surfaces at a lower temperature.The conditioner is a water-soluble organic material selected from a phosphate ester, alcohol, fatty acid including mono-, di-, tri-, and poly-acids; fatty acid derivatives such as salts, hydroxy acids, amides, esters, ethers and derivatives thereof; and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is described which is useful in spark-ignited engines which may be fueled with gasoline, alcohol, or mixtures of both. More particularly, lubricating oil compositions for spark-ignited engines are described which comprise (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity; (B) at least one detergent selected from the group consisting of a basic magnesium salt of an organic acid or a mixture of at least one basic magnesium salt of an organic acid and another alkaline earth metal salt of an organic acid wherein the metal in the mixture is predominantly magnesium; and (C) at least one metal salt of (C-1) a substituted succinic acid acylated polyamine; or (C-2) a hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic carboxylic acid containing at least one hydroxyl group attached to an aromatic ring, provided that the metal of said metal salt (C) is not calcium or magnesium.

Abstract: New lubricating greases, the oily component of which is perfluoropolyether or fluoropolyether derivative of formula R--O--Q--CFX--(Y).sub.n --Z, having a number average molecular weight ranging from 1,500 to 10,000.whereinR is perfluoroalkyl radical R.sub.F or Z(Y).sub.n)--CFX;Q is perfluoroalkylpolyether or fluoroalkylpolyether chain;X is F or CF.sub.3 ;Y is a linking divalent radical;n is zero or 1; andZ is a radical selected from --CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 OR.sup.1, --COOR.sup.2, --CONR.sup.3 R.sup.4 etc. . . . or from particular radicals containing heteroatoms or particular aromatic radicals.

Abstract: Basically substituted phenylacetonitriles ##STR1## where R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 and n have the meanings stated in the description, and their preparation are described. The compounds are useful for the treatment of disorders.

Abstract: A silver-mild lubricant for use in heavy duty diesel engines which uses overbased alkaline earth long chain alkenyl succinate as a silver-mild source of alkalinity.

Abstract: An oxidative coupling catalyst composition for converting methane to a higher hydrocarbon comprising a mixed oxide of: (a) a Group IIIB metal selected from the grouup consisting of yttrium, scandium and lanthanum; (b) a Group IIA metal selected from the group consisting of barium, calcium and strontium; and (c) a Group IVA metal selected from the group consisting of tin, lead and germanium and approximate ratio of 1:0.5-3:2-4, and an improved process employing same.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising electrolytes dissolved in a buffer which is painless when administered by irrigation.This invention also relates to compositions comprising a local anesthetic such as lidocaine, procaine, mepivacaine or marcaine, dissolved in a buffered solution containing salts which do not cause pain when the solutions are administered. The compositions are useful for administration as painless local anesthetics and painless irrigation-anesthetizing solutions for human and animal use. The invention further relates to methods for painless irrigation of wounds and of inducing painless local anesthesia comprising administering an effective amount of the compositions of this invention to an animal.

Abstract: A continuous process for the catalytic oxidative coupling in the presence of oxygen or an oxygen containing gas to C.sub.n H.sub.m hydrocarbons (n.gtoreq.2, m=2n or 2n+2) at temperatures between 500.degree. and 900.degree. C., with partial pressures of methane above 0.5 bar and a ratio of the partial pressures of methane and oxygen between 1 and 20 is described. This process uses oxides, peroxides, hyperoxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates and silicates of the elements belonging to the 1., 2. and 4. main group of the periodic system as catalysts with and without a support material.

Abstract: Certain poly(olefin)-N-substituted carbamates are useful to prevent or reduce engine deposits alone or in combination with certain poly(olefin) polymers or hydrogenated forms of the polymers. A motor fuel composition and method of operating an internal combustion engine using said poly(olefin)-N-substituted carbamates are claimed.

Abstract: Oil soluble viscosity index improving additives comprising ethylene compolymers such as copolymers of ethylene and propylene; and ethylene, propylene and diolefin; etc. reacted or grafted with ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid moieties, preferably maleic anhydride moieties, and reacted with amines having two or more primary amine groups or at least one primary amine group and at least one secondary amine group and a carboxylic acid component, preferably alkylene polyamine and with alkenyl succinic anhydride such as polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride, are improved by being further reacted with a lactone, preferably a lactone having at least 6 atoms in the lactone ring. The resulting lactone modified products are useful per se as oil soluble V.I. additives in fuel and lubricating compositions including concentrates containing the additives.

Abstract: Disclosed are alkylphenyl poly(oxyalkylene) aminocarbamates having at least one basic nitrogen and an average molecular weight of about 800 to 6,000 and wherein the alkyl group contains at least 40 carbon atoms. Also disclosed are lubricating oil compositions and concentrates containing said alkylphenyl poly(oxyalkylene) aminocarbamates.

Abstract: Sulfurized olefins, particulary sulfurized isobutylene, are reacted with glycerol monooleate. The resulting product is useful as an additive for lube oil compositions and fuel compositions.