Abstract: The present invention relates to, inter alia, pharmaceutical compositions comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid and to methods of using the same to treat or prevent cardiovascular-related diseases.

Abstract: A method of generating a gene expression profile of noncoding regulatory RNA (ncRNA; e.g. a microRNA) in a cell in vivo, is carried out by: (a) partitioning from a cell at least one mRNA-protein (RNP) complex, the RNP complex comprising: (i) an RNA binding protein (RNABP) or RNA associated protein, (ii) at least one mRNA bound to or associated with said protein, and (iii) at least one ncRNA bound to or associated with said protein, and then (b) identifying at least one ncRNA in-at least one RNP complex, thereby to produce a gene expression profile comprising the identity of an ncRNA in an RNP complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to single polynucleotides or sets of polynucleotides for detecting single miRNAs or sets of miRNAs for diagnosing and/or prognosing of an acute coronary syndrome in a blood sample from a human. Further, the present invention relates to means for diagnosing and/or prognosing of an acute coronary syndrome comprising said polynucleotides or sets of polynucleotides. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for diagnosing and/or prognosing of an acute coronary syndrome based on the determination of expression profiles of single miRNAs or sets of miRNAs representative for an acute coronary syndrome compared to a reference. In addition, the present invention relates to a kit for diagnosing and/or prognosing of an acute coronary syndrome comprising means for determining expression profiles of single miRNAs or sets of miRNAs representative for an acute coronary syndrome and at least one reference.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for the alteration of neuronal methylation by synthetic piRNAs or by alteration of piRNA function. Such alterations find use in the regulation and control of neural gene expression and concomitant neural functions. Further provided herein are systems and methods for the identification of target sites for regulation by piRNAs.

Abstract: The present invention features methods, devices, and kits for predicting the sensitivity of a patient to a compound or medical treatment. The invention also features methods for identifying biomarkers, the expression of which correlates to treatment sensitivity or resistance within a patient population or subpopulation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of reducing levels of at least one target protein in a cell. The cell is contacted with a first agent and a second agent. The first agent reduces synthesis of the target protein, e.g., by reducing levels of the mRNA of the target protein or inhibits translation of the mRNA. The second agent accelerates degradation of the target protein. The first agent may contact the cell before, after or simultaneously with the second agent. The first agent and the second agent may be in separate delivery vehicles, or in a single delivery vehicle. The first agent may be an RNAi (RNA interference) molecule, such as a small interfering RNA (siRNA), a small hairpin RNA (shRNA) or a microRNA (miRNA). The second agent may be a chimeric polypeptide containing a ubiquitin ligase polypeptide and a target protein interacting domain. The ubiquitin ligase polypeptide can be an E3 ubiquitin ligase, including, but not limited to, an SCF polypeptide, a HECT polypeptide and a UBR1 polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for co-silencing expression of genes in a filamentous fungal strain by transitive RNA interference. The present invention also relates to methods for identifying a gene encoding a biological substance of interest.

Abstract: A method for treating and/or diagnosing pain and the source or type of pain, shock, and/or inflammatory conditions in a subject. A method of using a therapeutically effective amount of a DNA or RNA aptamer that shows high affinity for OLAMs to at least partially treat pain, shock, and/or inflammatory conditions in a subject. The DNA or RNA aptamer that shows high affinity for OLAMs may be coupled to a plasma protein binding compound or a pharmacologically active agent. A method of treating and or diagnosing pain, shock, and/or inflammatory conditions in a subject may include inactivating or preventing at least one linoleic acid metabolite to treat certain conditions (e.g., pain, shock, and/or inflammation) using a DNA or RNA aptamer that shows high affinity for OLAMs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) having a nucleotide sequence which is substantially identical to at least a part of a target gene and which is no more than 49, preferably less than 25, nucleotides in length, and which comprises a complementary (antisense) RNA strand having a 1 to 4 nucleotide overhang at the 3?-end and a blunt 5?-end. The invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the dsRNA and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The pharmaceutical compositions are useful for inhibiting the expression of a target gene, as well as for treating diseases caused by expression of the target gene, at low dosages (i.e., less than 5 milligrams, preferably less than 25 micrograms, per kg body weight per day). The invention also relates to methods for inhibiting the expression of a target gene, as well as methods for treating diseases caused by the expression of the gene.

Abstract: The invention encompasses methods and kits used in the detection of invasive glioblastoma based upon the expression of NHERF-1. The methods and kits also allow prediction of disease outcome as well as therapeutic outcome.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds, compositions, and methods relating to fluoride aptamers, fluoride-responsive riboswitches, fluoride-regulated expression constructs, fluoride transporters, nucleic acids encoding fluoride transporters, expression constructs encoding fluoride transporters, and cells containing or including any combination of these.

Abstract: Oligonucleotide conjugates, where an oligonucleotide is covalently attached to an aromatic system, are provided. In particular embodiments the oligonucleotide is complementary to the RNA component of human telomerase and is covalently attached to a nucleobase via an optional linker. The conjugates inhibit telomerase enzyme activity.

Abstract: Embodiments of the inventions relate to modulating NFAT activity, modulating store-operated Ca2+ entry into a cell and treating and/or preventing hyperactivity or inappropriate immune response by inhibiting the expression or activities of septin 4 (SEPT 4) and septin 5 (SEPT 5) proteins involved in the calcineurin/NFAT axis and T-cell activation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) targeting a G-alpha q subunit (GNAQ) of a heterotrimeric G gene, and methods of using the dsRNA to inhibit expression of GNAQ.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides methods and compositions for the expression of small RNA molecules within a cell using a retroviral vector (FIG. 1A). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can be expressed using the methods of the invention within a cell. In a further aspect, the invention provides methods for producing siRNA encoding lentivirus where the siRNA activity may interfere with the lentiviral life cycle. In yet a further aspect, the invention provides methods for expression of a small RNA molecule within a cell, such as an siRNA capable of downregulating CCR5, wherein expression of the small RNA molecule is relatively non-cytotoxic to the cell. The invention also includes small RNA molecules, such as an siRNA capable of downregulating CCR5, that are relatively non-cytotoxic to cells.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated soluble endoglin polypeptides, nucleic acids encoding soluble endoglin polypeptides, antibodies that specifically bind soluble endoglin polypeptides, and kits containing these materials. The invention also provides methods for treating or decreasing the likelihood of developing a soluble endoglin-mediated disorder in a subject requiring the administration of an agent capable of reducing the expression or biological activity of a soluble endoglin polypeptide and methods for treating or decreasing the likelihood of developing a soluble endoglin-preventive disorder in a subject requiring the administration of a soluble endoglin polypeptide or a nucleic acid encoding the soluble endoglin polypeptide. The invention further provides methods for the diagnosis of a soluble endoglin-mediated disorder or a soluble endoglin-preventive disorder and methods for identifying a compound to treat a soluble endoglin-mediated or a soluble endoglin-preventive disorder.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for reducing MYC target RNA and protein levels via use of dsRNAs, e.g., Dicer substrate siRNA (DsiRNA) agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain novel shRNA molecules and methods of use thereof. According to certain embodiments of the present invention, methods for reducing the expression level of a target gene are provided. Such methods generally comprise providing a cell with one or more precursor nucleic acid sequences that encode two or more RNA molecules. A first RNA molecule comprises a double stranded sequence, which includes a guide strand sequence that is complementary to a portion of an mRNA transcript encoded by the target gene. In addition, a second RNA molecule comprises a second double stranded sequence, which includes a second guide strand sequence that is partially complementary to a portion of the mRNA transcript encoded by the target gene. Preferably, the second guide strand sequence comprises one or more bases that are mismatched with a nucleic acid sequence of the mRNA transcript encoded by the target gene.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for the expression of small RNA molecules within a cell using a lentiviral vector. The methods can be used to express doubles stranded RNA complexes. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can be expressed using the methods of the invention within a cell, which are capable of down regulating the expression of a target gene through RNA interference. A variety of cells can be treated according to the methods of the invention including embryos, embryogenic stem cells, allowing for the generation of transgenic animals or animals constituted partly by the transduced cells that have a specific gene or a group of genes down regulated.

Abstract: The invention includes compositions and methods of treatment of cancers susceptible to treatment with nucleotide analog chemotherapeutic agent, including cancers in which nucleotide analog resistant tumors have developed, including identifying a subject having cancer susceptible to treatment with a nucleotide analog chemotherapeutic agent and a mitotic disruptor/polo-like kinase (Plk) pathway inhibitor to a subject; and monitoring the subject for a reduction of stabilization of at least one sign or symptom of cancer.