Abstract: A process is presented for the increasing the yields of aromatics from reforming a hydrocarbon feedstream. The process includes splitting a naphtha feedstream into a light hydrocarbon stream, and a heavier stream having a relatively rich concentration of naphthenes. The heavy stream is reformed to convert the naphthenes to aromatics and the resulting product stream is further reformed with the light hydrocarbon stream to increase the aromatics yields. The process includes passing a catalyst stream in a counter-current flow relative to the hydrocarbon process stream.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to devise a flue gas purification system which allows the use of only one absorber even for large systems. The flue gas purification system according to the invention comprises a fluidized-bed reactor having a flue gas inlet unit and a flue gas outlet unit, the flue gas outlet unit having at least two flue gas outlets which are arranged at an angle to each other.

Abstract: A process for reforming a hydrocarbon stream is presented. The process involves splitting a naphtha feedstream to at least two feedstreams and passing each feedstream to separation reformers. The reformers are operated under different conditions to utilize the differences in the reaction properties of the different hydrocarbon components. The process utilizes a common catalyst, and common downstream processes for recovering the desired aromatic compounds generated.

Abstract: A process for reforming a hydrocarbon stream is presented. The process involves splitting a naphtha feedstream to at least two feedstreams and passing each feedstream to separation reformers. The reformers are operated under different conditions to utilize the differences in the reaction properties of the different hydrocarbon components. The process utilizes a common catalyst, and common downstream processes for recovering the desired aromatic compounds generated.

Abstract: A vertical downflow type flue gas denitrification apparatus which has a plurality of catalyst blocks, each incorporating a catalyst unit provided therein, is provided with a first ash accumulation baffle plate and a second ash accumulation baffle plate which are slidable into a gap between catalyst blocks adjacent to each other, and processes an exhaust gas emitted from a combustor and turned to a vertical downflow. The denitrification apparatus has a simple configuration where the ash accumulation baffle plates prevent ash or the like from being accumulated in the gap between the catalyst blocks. The thermal expansion of the ash accumulation baffle plate can be absorbed even under the operating conditions which produce a change in temperature, and charging and replacing the catalyst in the catalyst blocks are possible without on-site welding of the ash accumulation baffle plates.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine, having an exhaust purification catalyst in the exhaust passage of the engine of a vehicle, a fuel supply device provided in the exhaust passage upstream the exhaust purification catalyst and supplies fuel to an exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst, a heating device which heats the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device, and a controller which controls the heating device. The controller controls the heating device, when a first processing request based on a state of the exhaust purification catalyst is standing and a second processing request based on an operating state of the vehicle is not standing (t2), to a pre-heating temperature lower than an ignition threshold capable of igniting the fuel and, when the first processing request and the second processing request are standing (t3), to an ignition temperature higher than the ignition threshold.

Abstract: A process for converting feedstock triglycerides to lube basestocks. The process has the steps of (a) metathesizing the feedstock triglycerides with ethylene in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form alpha olefins and medium-chain triglycerides and (b) hydroisomerizing the medium-chain triglycerides in the presence of a hydroisomerization catalyst and hydrogen to form methyl-branched triglycerides. The alpha olefins may be oligomerized in the presence of an oligomerization catalyst to form poly(alpha olefins).

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device with a first exhaust pipe section for leading exhaust gas discharged from an engine, a second exhaust pipe section having in a side section on an upstream side thereof an opening section for introducing exhaust gas from the first exhaust pipe section, the second exhaust pipe section being connected at a side section thereof to the first exhaust pipe section so that flow of exhaust gas therein becomes a swirl flow and having provided on a downstream side thereof a post-processing device, and a reduction agent supply device provided at an upstream end of the second exhaust pipe section. The opening section is formed so as to include at least a first tilted side extending in a direction tilted relative to an axis of the second exhaust pipe section.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for producing an alpha olefin by obtaining a feed stream of internal olefins having a first carbon number and alpha olefins having a first carbon number. The olefins are isomerized to increase the quantity of the alpha olefins. The olefins are then fractionated, subjecting the overhead material to catalytic metathesis to produce a mixed olefin effluent of internal olefins having a second carbon number and other hydrocarbons. The first isomerization reactor and fractionator are prepared to receive the olefins having a second carbon number, where the internal olefin intermediate is isomerized in the prepared first isomerization reactor. The second isomerization effluent is fractionated in the prepared first fractionator to separate the alpha olefins having the second carbon number from the internal olefins having the second carbon number. A corresponding system is also described, along with a heat pump that may be incorporated into the process.

Abstract: Methods are provided for refining natural oil feedstocks. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock with a low-molecular-weight olefin or mid-weight olefin in the presence of a metathesis catalyst under conditions sufficient to form a metathesized product comprising olefins and esters. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise separating the olefins from the esters in the metathesized product. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise transesterifying the esters in the presence of an alcohol to form a transesterified product.

Abstract: A process to make propylene can include providing a reaction zone containing a catalyst and introducing a feedstock into the reaction zone. The catalyst can be an acid. The feedstock can include ethylene, dimethyl ether or methanol and dimethyl ether with at least 1000 wppm of dimethyl ether, and optionally steam. The feedstock can be contacted with the catalyst at temperature and pressure conditions to produce an effluent, including propylene, hydrocarbons, steam, optionally unconverted methanol and/or unconverted dimethyl ether and optionally unconverted ethylene. The temperature at the inlet of the reaction zone can be under 280° C., such as from 50 to 280° C. The effluent can be sent to a fractionation zone to recover propylene, optionally methanol, dimethyl ether and optionally ethylene. At least a part of methanol, dimethyl ether, and ethylene can be recycled to the reaction zone at step b).

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a molecular sieve comprising a framework of tetrahedral atoms bridged by oxygen atoms, the tetrahedral atom framework being defined by a unit cell with atomic coordinates in nanometers shown in Table 3.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an EMM-12 molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form and in calcined form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including peaks having a d-spacing maximum in the range of 14.17 to 12.57 Angstroms, a d-spacing maximum in the range of 12.1 to 12.56 Angstroms, and non-discrete scattering between about 8.85 to 11.05 Angstroms or exhibit a valley in between the peaks having a d-spacing maximum in the range of 10.14 to 12.0 Angstroms and a d-spacing maximum in the range from 8.66 to 10.13 Angstroms with measured intensity corrected for background at the lowest point being not less than 50% of the point at the same XRD d-spacing on the line connecting maxima in the range of 10.14 to 12.0 Angstroms and in the range from 8.66 to 10.13 Angstroms.

Abstract: A process for desulphurizing hydrocarbons includes passing a mixture of hydrocarbon and hydrogen over a hydrodesulphurization catalyst to convert organosulphur compounds present in the hydrocarbon to hydrogen sulphide, passing the resulting mixture over a hydrogen sulphide sorbent including zinc oxide to reduce the hydrogen sulphide content of the mixture, and passing the hydrogen sulphide-depleted mixture over a further desulphurization material. The further desulphurization material includes one or more nickel compounds, a zinc oxide support material, and optionally one or more promoter metal compounds of iron, cobalt, copper and precious metals. The desulphurization material has a nickel content in the range 0.3 to 20% by weight and a promoter metal compound content in the range 0 to 10% by weight.

Abstract: Process for obtaining aromatic hydrocarbons from a stream containing at least one light hydrocarbon selected from the list comprising methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propene, propylene, butane, butene or butadiene, which comprises putting said stream into contact with a catalyst, which comprises a catalytic material and a binder, in a fluidized bed reactor. Said reactor may have two reaction zones, an oxidizing zone and a reducing zone.

Abstract: Process for removing water from an ethylene stream containing water, by introducing an ethylene stream containing water into, and circulating the ethylene stream through, a separation vessel. A liquid diethyl ether stream is introduced into, and circulated through, the separation vessel so that the liquid diethyl ether stream and the ethylene stream containing water are brought into contact, and an ethylene stream having a reduced water content is recovered from the separation vessel.

Abstract: Synthetic fuels are produced from synthesis gas in a four-stage reactor system with a single recycle loop providing the requisite thermal capacity to moderate the high heat release of the reactions and to provide the reactants and reaction environments for the efficient operation of the process. The first stage converts a portion of the synthesis gas to methanol, the second stage converts the methanol to dimethylether, the third stage converts the methanol and dimethylether to fuel and the fourth stage converts the high melting point component, durene, and other low volatility aromatic components such as tri- and tetra-methylbenzenes to high octane branched paraffins.

Abstract: A method for cross connecting the lean solvent supply lines between the liquid liquid extraction (LLE) and the extractive distillation (ED) processes thereby using the LLE column as the outlet for removing accumulated heavy hydrocarbons (HCs) and polymeric materials from the solvent loop of both processes to maintain their solvent performance. The unique capabilities of the LLE column in rejecting heavy HCs from the solvent into a raffinate product stream that leaves the system enable the removal of the accumulated heavy HCs and polymeric materials from the closed solvent loop of the ED process when their lean solvent loop are cross connected. Cross connection requires minimum equipment change. In the revamped system, the solvent recovery column (SRC) in LLE process supplies lean solvent for the extractive distillation column while the SRC of the ED process supplies lean solvent for LLE column.

Abstract: A process for preparing oligomers by continuous oligomerization of butenes is described, wherein a) a feed stream 1) comprising 1-butene and 2-butene in a total concentration of from 10 to 70% by weight and from 10 to 60% by weight of isobutane is reacted until more than 60% by weight of the 1-butene comprised in the feed stream 1 but less than 50% by weight of the 2-butene comprised in feed stream 1 have been converted into oligomers. b) The oligomers obtained in a) are separated off and optionally passed to a further work-up and the remaining residual stream is fed to work-up by distillation. c) Isobutane is separated off by distillation from the residual stream, and d) the isobutane-depleted stream obtained after the work-up by distillation c) is reacted to form oligomers.

Abstract: A process for reforming a hydrocarbon stream is presented. The process involves splitting a naphtha feedstream to at least two feedstreams and passing each feedstream to separation reformers. The reformers are operated under different conditions to utilize the differences in the reaction properties of the different hydrocarbon components. The process utilizes a common catalyst, and common downstream processes for recovering the desired aromatic compounds generated.