Abstract: A movable electrode assembly for use in a laser system, includes a first electrode having a first discharge surface, a second electrode having a second discharge surface. The second electrode being arranged opposite from the first electrode. The second discharge surface being spaced apart from the first discharge surface by a discharge gap. A discharge gap adjuster interfaced with at least one of the second electrode or the first electrode, the discharge gap adjuster configured to adjust the discharge gap. A method of adjusting a discharge gap is also disclosed.

Abstract: A laser apparatus includes an external cavity laser (ECL) where the optical signal is modulated by an electrical modulation signal for modulating in frequency the laser output signal. The modulation in frequency produces a modulation of intensity (power) of the laser output signal, also denoted amplitude modulation (AM). A method of controlling the AM amplitude of a signal emitted by an ECL includes a gain medium, a phase element with variable transmissivity induced by the modulation, and a spectrally selective optical filter that selects and keeps the AM amplitude below a certain desired value or minimizes such value. A control method and a laser apparatus are also described in which the reduction of the AM component of the output power is achieved by acting on the gain of the gain medium of the ECL.

Abstract: An optical transmission module includes a bias current driver circuit adapted to input bias current set in response to a temperature of a laser diode to the laser diode, a modulation current driver circuit adapted to input modulation current set in response to the temperature of the laser diode to the laser diode, and a decision circuit adapted to decide whether or not an error of optical output power of the laser diode detected by a light reception device with respect to a target value of the optical output power of the laser diode at the set bias current and the set modulation current is equal to or higher than a threshold value. The modulation current driver circuit inputs, while the error is equal to or higher than the threshold value, correction modulation current higher than the set modulation current to the laser diode.

Abstract: A phototherapy device includes a light source; a light emanation block; and a heat exchanger for the dissipation of heat from one or more heat loads associated with the device. Heat may be transferred via the heat exchanger from the light source independently of the dissipation of heat from one or more of the other device heat loads. Substantially thermally isolated heat transfer regions may be provided, and such regions may be maintained at different operating temperatures, to control the transfer of heat in conjunction with a phototherapy method and to promote efficient and enhanced device operation and performance.

Abstract: A laser diode with which separation of a current narrowing layer is able to be prevented is provided. The laser diode includes a mesa that has a first multilayer film reflector, an active layer, and a second multilayer film reflector in this order, and has a current narrowing layer for narrowing a current injected into the active layer and a buffer layer adjacent to the current narrowing layer. The current narrowing layer is formed by oxidizing a first oxidized layer containing Al. The buffer layer is formed by oxidizing a second oxidized layer whose material and a thickness are selected so that an oxidation rate is higher than that of the first multilayer film reflector and the second multilayer film reflector and is lower than that of the first oxidized layer. A thickness of the buffer layer is 10 nm or more.

Abstract: Embodiments of silicon-based thermal energy transfer apparatus for gain medium crystal of a laser system are provided. For a disk-shaped crystal, the apparatus includes a silicon-based manifold and a silicon-based cover element. For a rectangular cuboid-shaped gain medium crystal, the apparatus includes a first silicon-based manifold, a second silicon-based manifold, and first and second conduit elements coupled between the first and second manifolds. For a right circular cylinder-shaped gain medium crystal, the apparatus includes a first silicon-based manifold, a second silicon-based manifold, and first and second conduit elements coupled between the first and second manifolds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems for emitting light that can provide a desired light-induced physiological stimulus and a desired luminous stimulus. The light can be controlled to vary the physiological stimulus within a predetermined first range while maintaining the luminous stimulus within a predetermined second range that is useful for a number of self and/or space illumination applications. For example, an apparatus may include a controller for controlling the drive currents supplied to a plurality of light-emitting elements having different spectral characteristics, wherein the combination of currents is controlled such that the mixed light emitted is associated with the desired physiological and luminous stimuli.

Abstract: A laser beam combining and power scaling device and method. A first highly reflective mirror residing perpendicular to the first optical axis reflecting radiation emitted from the first laser head. A first Q-switch in alignment with the first optical axis interposed between the first highly reflective mirror and the first laser head. A second highly reflective mirror residing perpendicular to the second optical axis reflecting radiation emitted from the second laser head. The second Q-switch in alignment with the second optical axis is interposed between the second highly reflective mirror and the first laser head. A third optical axis is coincident with the first optical axis. A third highly reflective mirror residing perpendicular to the third optical axis in alignment therewith. The third optical axis may include a third diode pumped laser head and Q-switch. A beam splitter resides at the intersection of the axes.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes: a support base; a first light emitting element which is provided at one surface side of the support base and has a first substrate; and a second light emitting element which is provided between the first light emitting element and the support base and has a second substrate, which has a light emitting section as a semiconductor layer and a peripheral section other than the light emitting section at the first light emitting element side of the second substrate, and which has an embedded layer formed of a material with higher heat conductivity than the semiconductor layer in the peripheral section.

Abstract: A multiwavelength optical device includes a substrate; a first mirror section including a plurality of first mirror layers stacked on the substrate; an active layer stacked on the first mirror section, the active layer including a light emission portion; a second mirror section including a plurality of second mirror layers stacked on the active layer; a first electrode disposed between the active layer and the second mirror section; and a second electrode disposed between the first mirror section and the active layer.

Abstract: The gas laser oscillator apparatus of the present invention has a temperature-detecting mechanism disposed at the bearings of the bellows section. The temperature-detecting mechanism detects temperature rise in the bearings and calculates a maintenance cycle with reference to the predetermined data on relationship between temperature and the lifetime of the bearings. Disposed at the bearings, the temperature-detecting mechanism outputs a signal that indicates a replacement cycle according to the temperature of the bearings. More preferable, the temperature-detecting mechanism has a sensor at a tip end of a spring having a pressure force smaller than a load applied to the bearings in advance. To enhance accuracy of temperature detection, the spring is wrapped around with heat insulating material so as not to be exposed to outside temperature.

Abstract: A gas discharge chamber that uses a calcium fluoride crystal which reduces a breakage due to mechanical stress (window holder and laser gas pressure), thermal stress from light absorption, and the like, increases the degree of linear polarization of output laser, and suppresses degradation due to strong ultraviolet (ArF, in particular) laser light irradiation. A first window (2) and a second window (3) of the gas discharge chamber have an incident plane and an emitting plane in parallel with a (111) crystal plane of their calcium fluoride crystal. With respect to an arrangement where laser light entering the calcium fluoride crystal passes through a plane including a <111> axis and a <001> axis of each of the first window (2) and the second window (3) as seen from inside the chamber (1), the first window (2) and the second window (3) are arranged in positions rotated in the same direction by the same angle about their <111> axis.

Abstract: A semiconductor light emitting device downsized by devising arrangement of connection pads is provided. A second light emitting device is layered on a first light emitting device. The second light emitting device has a stripe-shaped semiconductor layer formed on a second substrate on the side facing to a first substrate, a stripe-shaped p-side electrode supplying a current to the semiconductor layer, stripe-shaped opposed electrodes that are respectively arranged oppositely to respective p-side electrodes of the first light emitting device and electrically connected to the p-side electrodes of the first light emitting device, connection pads respectively and electrically connected to the respective opposed electrodes, and a connection pad electrically connected to the p-side electrode. The connection pads are arranged in parallel with the opposed electrodes.

Abstract: Within a semiconductor laser device, mounting a semiconductor laser element array of multi-beam structure on a sub-mount, the semiconductor laser element array of multi-beam structure comprises one piece of a semiconductor substrate 11; a common electrode 1, which is formed on a first surface of the semiconductor substrate; a semiconductor layer 2, which is formed on the other surface of the semiconductor substrate, and has a plural number of light emitting portions 7 within an inside thereof; a plural number of anode electrodes 3 of a second conductivity type, which are formed above the plural number of light emitting portions, respectively; and a supporting portion 25, which is provided outside a region of forming the light emitting portions, wherein on one surface of the sub-mount is connected an electrode 3 of the semiconductor laser element array through a solder 4, and that solder 4 is formed to cover a supporting portion and an electrode neighboring thereto, and further on the electrode 3 is formed a g

Abstract: A synchronous optical signal generation device includes: an optical phase detector that compares the phase of a reference optical signal with a phase of an optical beat signal to generate a phase error signal; a shaping mechanism that shapes the phase error signal; and a voltage controlled optical signal generator that generates an optical beat signal based on the shaped phase error signal and that outputs the optical beat signal while feeding the optical beat signal back to the phase detector.

Abstract: A laser system having separately electrically operable cavities for emitting modulated narrow linewidth light with first, second and third mirror structures separated by a first active region between the first and the second and by a second active region between the second and the third. The second mirror structure has twenty of more periods of mirror pairs.

Abstract: To provide a small and lightweight organic laser device which can be manufactured in a reproductive manner and from which laser light with a desired wavelength can be obtained. A first substrate provided with a light-emitting element having a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes and a second substrate provided with a laser medium including a laser dye face each other and one of the pair of electrodes, which is placed between the light-emitting layer and the laser medium, has a light transmitting property. With such a structure, a laser device with which a laser medium and a light source are integrated can be provided.

Abstract: A composite optical waveguide 1 includes a first optical waveguide 9 comprising a silica-based core and a second optical waveguide 11 comprising an Si-based core. The second optical waveguide 11 is joined to the first optical waveguide 9. The length of the first optical waveguide 9 corresponds to a permissible propagation loss of the second optical waveguide 11. The second optical waveguide 11 includes a sharply curved portion 13 having a radius smaller than the minimum bend radius of the first optical waveguide 9.

Abstract: Enhanced reflectivity High-Contrast Gratings are described which operate in different medium. An HCG is described with a deep/buried metallization layer separated at a distance of least three to four grating thicknesses from the grating. Reflective bandwidth of the HCG is substantially increased, such as by a factor or five, by inclusion of the deep/buried metallization layer. An HCG is described which provides high reflectivity, even when embedded into materials of a moderate to high index of refraction, such as semiconductor material. Vertical cavity surface emitting laser embodiments are described which utilize these reflectivity enhancements, and preferably utilize HCG reflectors for top and/or bottom mirrors.

Abstract: A dispersion determining apparatus comprises a received waveform monitoring part (1) and a dispersion amount determining part (4). The received waveform monitoring part (1) has a waveform monitoring circuit (2) that samples data from the received waveform of a received signal having propagated along a transmission path, and a histogram extracting circuit (3) that extracts, based on the sampled data obtained by the waveform monitoring circuit (2), a histogram data representative of the intensity distribution in the voltage direction of the received waveform. The dispersion amount determining part (4) has a polarized wave dispersion estimating circuit (7) that determines the horizontally asymmetric degree of a received eye-pattern waveform of the received waveform obtained by analyzing the histogram data extracted by the received waveform monitoring part (1) and then estimates, based on the determined asymmetric degree, a polarized wave dispersion amount in the transmission path.