Abstract: A paging receiver for automatically dialing a stored telephone number can consider an area code. A received telephone number stored into a memory corresponding to a number of depressions of a read key is displayed when the read key is depressed, and an area code stored into the memory corresponding to the number of depressions of an area key is displayed when the area key is depressed. Then, when the area code and the telephone number are displayed, an unnecessary extension number, etc., is erased by using an editing key. Thereafter, the area code and the telephone number are converted into a DTMF signal when a dial key is depressed and the DTMF signal is applied to an electronic exchange through a telephone, thereby performing automatic dialing.

Abstract: A radio communication system includes a central station such as a repeater for transmitting FM signals to a plurality of radios. The repeater 11 is capable of receiving both analog speech FM signals and compressed voice signals. This permits the use of energy efficient transmission schemes by some of the radios operating in the system while permitting use of both types of transmission by the various remote radios.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for providing cellular mobile telecommunication service in accordance with the requirements of the Global Systems for Mobile Communications (GSM) standard. A modular switching system is provided which performs the functions of the mobile switching center plus those of a home location register, authentication center, visitor location register, and equipment identity register. The latter functions are advantageously spread among the modules of the switching system, thus avoiding the getting started cost of expensive dedicated data bases. A wireless global switching module advantageously switches mobile communications control messages among the modules of the system and between the modules and the base station systems, and terminates signaling links between the mobile switching center and the base station systems.

Abstract: Left right and surround components of a stereo signal are coded into a monaural and small co-channel providing volume steering for recreating a stereo effect with a substantially reduced bit rate. The signal is split into a sum and difference signal, the difference signal is randomized and the sum is added to the randomized difference to comprise the single audio channel. A functional relationship is solved for left and right volumes which is then transmitted for intervals on the co-channel. Decoding of the single transmission channel directs it to left, right, or surround channels based on decoding on the logic co-channel. The co-channel updates left and right volume levels which are interpolated through time to effect smooth volume change. Surround gain is determined from left and right channel gains to maintain unity total volume, with the sum of the squares of the three volume controls being unity.

Abstract: A ground-to-air telephone calling system is provided including a computer for receiving an airborne telephone number and a call-back number from a calling party and forming the telephone numbers into a data signal comporting with existing protocol filed in the FCC, an uplink unit for uplinking the data signal to a satellite and a plurality of downlink stations for receiving the data signal from the satellite; a plurality of ground stations corresponding to each of the downlink units for receiving the data signals and passing a call signal identifying the airborne telephone and particular ground station to a corresponding transmit/receive unit for subsequent transmission to the aircraft; a call being initiated from the ground station to the calling party over the public switched telephone network if the aircraft responds to the call signal.

Abstract: An improved audio compressor of the type which is useful in a hearing aid and having a programmable compression ratio is disclosed. In the preferred embodiment, the compressor is used in a hearing aid device of the type which comprises a bandsplit filter to divide an input audio signal into a plurality of frequency bands. Associated with each frequency band is a limiter means which provides variable gain amplification of the input signal as a function of the amplitude of the input signal and as a further function of a programmable control signal. A feedforward means is disposed in parallel to the limiter means, said feedforward means providing a fixed gain signal. The output of the limiter means and the feedforward means are combined at a summing node which forms the input to a variable gain amplifier. Associated control circuitry allows the limiter gain to be programmed to meet the needs of an individual user. The compressor has a variable compression ratio in the form of a sigmoid function.

Abstract: In a video telephony system, a coaxial cable network, which is preferably a part of an existing cable television system, provides a local link for the transmission of the video telephone signals between each originating and destination location and a respective "head end" located on the cable company premises. Each of the head ends is connected to a "point of presence" of a telephone interexchange carrier so that a connection between pairs of head ends, and thus between a pair of video telephone locations, can be made via a switched digital network maintained by the carrier. Certain of originating and destination locations comprise a standard television set, serving as the audio/video display, and a consumer-type camera or camcorder, serving as the audio/video source. Others of the originating and destination locations comprise ISDN video telephones which are connected to the various points of presence of the interexchange carrier via local exchange carrier telephone networks.

Abstract: A CDMA cellular radio-telephone system (FIG. 2) comprises a packet-switched communications network (202, 207, 201) that interconnects cells (base stations; 202) with each other and with the public telephone network (100). A unique combination of a static addressing plan that uses a different LAPD DLCI (302 in FIG. 7) for each unidirectional virtual call path, direct cell (202)-to-cell and cell-to-call-processing unit (264 in FIG. 5) control information exchanges, and packet-switching techniques that permit call traffic and control communications to share call paths and permit different call paths to share physical resources, is applied to call processing. This enables soft handoffs (FIGS. 27-29) to be handled in a manner transparent to the parties to the call and without significant involvement of system control elements (134 and 261 in FIG. 2) whose involvement would adversely impact the system's call-handling capacity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for determining a particular transmitting station from which program signals are received and translated by a monitored receiver within a test area and including mobile receivers. A stored transmitter characteristic table includes a corresponding transmitting station identification stored with a predefined subarea of a plurality of predefined subareas within the test area for each predetermined tuned frequency of the monitored receiver. A tuned frequency of the monitored receiver is identified and the particular transmitting station corresponding to the identified tuned frequency is identified responsive to both the identified tuned frequency of the monitored receiver and the stored transmitter characteristic table. The identified transmitting station data is stored with time of occurrence data.

Abstract: An output buffer has a series circuit connected between a first and a second power supply terminal, which circuit is formed by a first n-channel MOSFET whose gate receives a first output data control signal and a second n-channel MOSFET whose gate receives a second output data control signal. The output buffer further has a third N-channel MOSFET connected between a bonding pad and a common junction node defined by the first and second N-channel MOSFETs. The third N-channel MOSFET has a gate connected to the first power supply terminal so that it is controlled to be always in a conductive state. The output buffer is effectively increased or enhanced in its resistance against electrostatic breakdown.

Abstract: A system comprising a local processor capable of accessing a host system typically comprising one database, is provided with a communication processor which controls synchronous serial communication between the host system and a plurality of synchronous devices in a varied range of clocked rates. The communication processor facilitates remoting of a single terminal having resident protocol conversion control capability, while a related plurality of terminals locally access a host system via a single host synchronous port.

Abstract: A labelling system which can protect a very wide variety of items from theft. The system requires four elements in combination: 1) A readily understandable message on an item which describes the state the owner intends the item to be in and further asks observers to take appropriate action should the item not be in that state. 2) The message must be easily detectable by people nearby. 3) The message must be changeable, at least once, to reflect a change in the state of the item it is on but, it must only be changeable by the owner and anyone he or she chooses. 4) The message must be very difficult to tamper with or hide without leaving a trace.

Abstract: A system for remotely disabling or enabling an automobile having at least one receiver that scans signal codes transmitted in frequencies dedicated to mobile telephone communications, and at least one frequency outside that used in mobile telephone communications. The signal codes received by the receiver are compared to an enabling code and a disabling code stored within a programmable memory. When the owner of an automobile finds the vehicle stolen, the owner dials the telephone number corresponding to the disabling code of the automobile. The dialed number causes a signal code to be transmitted from the mobile telephone transmitted network, wherein the signal code is received by the stolen automobile. If the transmitted signal code matches the programmed disabling code the automobile is disabled. Similarly, the automobile can be enabled if a signal code is received that matches the enabling code the automobile.

Abstract: A phase-locked-loop circuit for a radio transceiver operative to transmit and to receive modulated signals during nonconcurrent time periods. During time periods in which the radio transceiver is to generate and to transmit a modulated signal, the phase-locked-loop circuit is connected to the transmitter portion of the transceiver. During time periods in which the radio transceiver is to receive a modulated signal, the phase-locked-loop circuit is connected to the receiver portion of the transceiver. A switch, preferably comprised of a multiplexer, alternately connects the phase-locked-loop with the transmitter portion and the receiver portion of the transceiver.

Abstract: Programmable hybrid hearing aid with digital signal processing comprising a main section (1) which can be inserted in the meatus (6). The main section (1) comprises an open connection between the ear opening and an inner portion of the meatus (6), providing an acoustic transmission channel with low-pass characteristic and resonant amplification. The main section further comprises an electroacoustic transmission channel based on digital signal processing and a signal processor (DSP) and with possibility for suppressing a possible acoustic signal feedback through the acoustic transmission channel. A variant of the hearing aid is provided with a microphone (M1) and the feedback signal is suppressed by digital filtering. Another variant of the hearing aid employs two microphones (M1.M2). and the feedback signal may then be suppressed by phasing out before the digital signal processing, while the digital signal processing also comprises cancellation of the feedback signal in case of high gain.

Abstract: A method of providing local autonomous control of channel allocation of a cellular telecommunications network. In one prior art method, which can be identified as the timid method, a channel is selected for use by an incoming user if it is not being used by any of the cells which surround it. Otherwise, another channel is selected according to the same rule. The channels are tested in random order and a call is blocked if all of the channels are in use. For heavy loading, because of the vagaries of the way the demand for channels occurs, this method can result in inefficient channel deployment. In another method, which can be identified as the aggressive method, a channel is selected for use by an incoming user even if that channel is currently being used in the surrounding cells. If the channel is in use, the incoming user "bumps" the current user off the channel in the timid mode. The "bumped" user is then forced to find and use another channel.

Abstract: Automatically restoring data transmission by monitoring line degradation and switching to a new line (or lines) when line quality falls below a prescribed standard. Data transmission is maintained on the leased line while communication is being established on the dial line, so as not to disrupt data transmission; communication is established across two dial lines to restore full-duplex transmission; energy is maintained on the dial lines at times when data is not being transmitted to prevent a change of channel on a dial line; a signal processor, associated memory, and analog interface circuitry provide the data restoral functions; control of the restoral procedure is handled by one modem (e.g., the calling modem), and commands are sent to the other modem over either the leased or dial lines.

Abstract: Cordless network terminating units (CNTn) with a remote power-feeding device are connected via U interfaces (U) to a radio communication network with digital local exchanges (DIV-O). The cordless network terminating unit (CNTn) is associated with mobile sections (MT1-MT80). The cordless network terminating units (CNTn) are connected via digital subscriber line modules (SLMD) and digital subscriber line units (DLU) via a packet switching network (Datex-P) to the data processing system (SP) of a service provider. When a connection is being set up, the authorization of the subscriber is directly checked with a database as "authentication" by the service provider. The data transmission occurs via a composite p channel of the ISDN network. This makes it possible to implement party lines and operate different service networks.

Abstract: An abbreviated dialing apparatus especially suitable for cellular/mobile phone use, enabling a user to dial telephone numbers having repetitive digits without directly dialing all of the repetitive digits. The user, by executing a prescribed actuation of a prescribed key, such as the SEND key, can cause the system to complete an incomplete telephone number having repetitive finishing zeroes or other repetitive finishing digits, instead of directly dialing all of the repetitive digits. By determining whether a call is local or long distance, the apparatus determines the number of digits necessary to properly complete a telephone number and completes the number by filling in any missing finishing digits. Alternatively, the user by actuating a finish digit key or a finish zero key can cause the system to similarly fill in any missing finishing digits to complete an incomplete telephone number.

Abstract: An electret film is formed on the rear side of a front face plate of a cylindrical capsule made of aluminum . Closely in spaced opposition thereto, an electrically conductive diaphragm is held by an electrically conductive holding member. A wiring board provided behind the holding member closes the rear end of the capsule. The rear end of the capsule is bent on the rear periphery of the wiring board, and calked thereat. In the capsule, an impedance conversion IC device is connected to the electrically conductive holding member and the wiring board.