Abstract: The present disclosure provides a MEMS -based variable optical attenuator (VOA) array, sequentially including an optical fiber array, a micro-lens array, and a MEMS-based micro-reflector array to form a VOA array having several optical attenuation units. The MEMS-based micro-reflectors can change the propagation direction of a beam, causing a misalignment coupling loss to the beam and thereby achieving optical attenuation, with a broad range of dynamic attenuation, low polarization dependent loss and wavelength dependent loss, good repeatability, short response time (at the millisecond level), etc. Arrayed device elements are used as assembly units of the present disclosure, and the assembly of arrayed elements facilitates tuning in batches. Accordingly, automation levels are improved, and the production costs are reduced.

Abstract: A microstructured optical fiber sensor for sensing changes in a physical characteristic up to a predetermined temperature is disclosed. The sensor includes a microstructured optical fiber and a fiber Bragg grating formed in the microstructured optical fiber by generating a periodic modulation in the refractive index along a core region of the suspended core. The fiber Bragg grating is configured to produce a band reflection spectra including a fundamental mode and a plurality of higher order modes whose respective wavelengths vary in accordance with changes in the physical characteristic at the core region of the microstructured optical fiber. The microstructured optical fiber is configured to increase the confinement loss of the plurality of higher order modes of the band reflection spectra relative to the fundamental mode.

Abstract: A silicon photonic integrated chip and a wavelength division multiplexer that includes at least two polarization control structures and at least one polarization-independent Mach-Zehnder interferometer on a silicon substrate are provided. The polarization control structure includes two input ports and one output port. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer includes two input ports and one optical signal output port for outputting a multiplexed optical signal. The output ports of the polarization control structures are connected to the input ports of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The polarization control structures have large bandwidths for increasing an optical bandwidth of the wavelength division multiplexer and reducing an optical loss. A quantity of phase shift arms that require tuning feedback is reduced to lower overall power consumption of the wavelength division multiplexer.

Abstract: An optical ring modulator for use as a PAM-N modulator, the optical ring modulator comprising: a first optical waveguide which forms a bus waveguide; a ring waveguide optically coupled to the bus waveguide; wherein, the ring waveguide comprises: a first electrode region having a first pn junction or first Moscap, the first pn junction or first Moscap configured to generate a first phase shift upon application of a given voltage across the first pn junction or first Moscap; and a second electrode region having a second pn junction or second Moscap, the second pn junction or second Moscap configured to generate a second phase shift when the given voltage is applied across the second pn junction or second Moscap, wherein the second phase shift is less than the first phase shift.

Abstract: An optical phased array (OPA) radiator includes a plurality of unit radiators configured to serve as optical waveguides, each of the unit radiators being made of a silicon material and each having a predetermined length, where the unit radiators are disposed in parallel; a cladding portion configured to cover the plurality of unit radiators; and a plurality of electrodes arranged in parallel with the plurality of unit radiators on the cladding portion, where the plurality of electrodes are arranged so as not to overlap the plurality of unit radiators in a vertical direction. A beam radiated through the unit radiators using a phased array can be efficiently vertically steered.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure directed to frequency drift compensation for coded-DAS systems that use chirped pulses as a probe signal. Our inventive approach estimates timing jitter by correlating the amplitude of the estimated Rayleigh impulse response of every frame with a reference frame, and then re-aligns each frame by the estimated timing jitter. As the amount of timing jitter varies within a frame, every frame is divided into blocks where all samples have similar timing jitter, and perform timing jitter estimation and compensation on a block-by-block, frame-by-frame basis using an overlap-and-save method. Tracking of a slowly changing channel is enabled by allowing the reference frame to be periodically updated.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein may be related to apparatuses, processes, and techniques related to hydrophobic features to block or slow the spread of epoxy. These hydrophobic features are placed either on a die surface or on a substrate surface to control epoxy spread between the die in the substrate to prevent formation of fillets. Packages with these hydrophobic features may include a substrate, a die with a first side and a second side opposite the first side, the second side of the die physically coupled with a surface of the substrate, and a hydrophobic feature coupled with the second side of the die or the surface of the substrate to reduce a flow of epoxy on the substrate or die. In embodiments, these hydrophobic features may include a chemical barrier or a laser ablated area on the substrate or die. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: An optical interconnect device and the method of fabricating it are described. The device includes an in-plane laser cavity transmitting a light beam along a first direction, a Franz Keldysh (FK) optical modulator transmitting the light beam along the first direction, a mode-transfer module including a tapered structure disposed after the FK optical modulator along the first direction to enlarge the spot size of the light beam to match an external optical fiber and a universal coupler controlling the light direction. The tapered structure can be made linear or non-linear along the first direction. The universal coupler passes the laser light to an in-plane external optical fiber if the fiber is placed along the first direction, or it is a vertical coupler in the case that the external optical fiber is placed perpendicularly to the substrate surface. The coupler is coated with highly reflective material.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to multilevel coupling for phase front engineering. An example integrated optical structure for phase front engineering of optical beams includes a substrate. The integrated optical structure also includes a plurality of optical layers formed on the substrate. Each of the optical layers includes an optical phased array that includes a plurality of optical waveguides. Each of the optical layers also includes a coupling section for each of the optical waveguides. Each coupling section is configured to control the phase of an optical beam coupling out of the optical waveguide. Additionally, the integrated optical structure includes a slab waveguide formed on the substrate and between two of the optical layers. The slab waveguide is in optical communication with the coupling sections of the two optical layers. The slab waveguide includes a slab waveguide outcoupling structure.

Abstract: The optical fiber sensing system is provided. The optical fiber sensing system comprises an optical fiber measuring module, a floating module, and a containing structure. The floating module disposed in the containing structure has a plurality of floating units. Each floating unit has a mass element and a vibration absorbing structure. It is adapted to apply appropriate tensile force to the optical fiber measuring module by adjusting counterweight of the quality bodies. The vibrating influence to the optical fiber measuring system would be reduced through the vibration absorbing structure.

Abstract: A light source unit generates an optical signal out of a bend-insensitive (“BI”) optical fiber that is compliant with a desired encircled flux (“EF”). The unit includes a light source to generate an optical light signal and a conventional multimode optical fiber coupled to receive the optical light signal from the light source at a first end. A modal conditioner is arranged to condition the optical light signal propagating along different modes of the conventional multimode fiber. A first bend-insensitive (BI) multimode optical fiber has an input end, the input end of the first BI multimode optical fiber being coupled at a second end of the conventional multimode optical fiber to receive the conditioned optical light signal from the conventional multimode fiber. The output from the first BI multimode optical fiber outputs an optical signal having the desired EF.

Abstract: Example optical connector ferrules and example optical connectors are provided. An example optical connector ferrule is a first ferrule of an optical connector, where the first ferrule includes n optical channels, and the first ferrule is configured to be compatible with a second ferrule. The second ferrule includes m optical channels, where both m and n are positive integers, and n is greater than m. The n optical channels of the first ferrule include first-type optical channels and second-type optical channels, where an arrangement manner of the first-type optical channels is the same as that of the m optical channels of the second ferrule, and at least one of the second-type optical channels is located in at least one of rows in which the first-type optical channels are located.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fiber optic connector for use with a fiber optic adapter. The fiber optic connector includes a connector housing having an end defining a plug portion. A ferrule assembly is mounted at least partially within the connector housing. The ferrule assembly includes a ferrule located at the plug portion of the connector housing. A sealing member is mounted about an exterior of the connector housing for providing a seal between the connector housing and the adapter. The fiber optic connector further includes first and second separate retaining mechanism for retaining the fiber optic connector within the fiber optic adapter.

Abstract: An optical multiplexer reduced in background light and reduced in size is provided. The optical multiplexer takes a plurality of light beams having different wavelengths as input from respective waveguides, and outputs multiple light obtained by multiplexing the plurality of light beams by a directional coupler. Background light is reduced by a reflection groove which reflects excess light outputted from a discard port of the directional coupler, and downsizing of the optical multiplexer is achieved.

Abstract: According to examples, an optical fiber-based sensing membrane may include at least one optical fiber, and a substrate. The at least one optical fiber may be integrated in the substrate. The optical fiber-based sensing membrane may include, based on a specified geometric pattern of the at least one optical fiber, an optical fiber-based sensing membrane layout. The substrate may include a thickness and a material property that are specified to ascertain, via the at least one optical fiber and based on the optical fiber-based sensing membrane layout, a thermal and/or a mechanical property associated with a device, or a radiation level associated with a device environment.

Abstract: A beam steering structure includes an alignment structure shaped to receive and align an optical fiber such that an axis of a core of the optical fiber is oriented in a first direction. The beam steering structure includes an end portion having an angled optical surface oriented at a non-zero angle relative to the first direction. The end portion is shaped and positioned so that light propagating along the first direction from the optical fiber passes through the end portion to reach the angled optical surface. A reflecting system is positioned on the angled optical surface across the first direction. The reflecting system is configured to reflect incident light propagating along the first direction into a first reflected beam of a first polarization and a second reflected beam of a second polarization. The first and second reflected beams are directed into first and second optical communication channels, respectively.

Abstract: An optical waveguide device has a function of removing or suppressing a higher-order mode component of propagating light. The optical waveguide device includes a curved waveguide having a curved shape where a curvature continuously changes. A first waveguide is coupled to one end of the curved waveguide and a second waveguide is coupled to the other end of the curved waveguide. A curvature of the first waveguide and the curvature of the curved waveguide are equal to each other in a coupling point in which the first waveguide is coupled to the curved waveguide, and a curvature of the second waveguide and the curvature of the curved waveguide are equal to each other in a coupling point in which the second waveguide is coupled to the curved waveguide.

Abstract: An optical waveguide element includes: an optical waveguide having a ridge part and a slab part having a thickness less than the ridge part. The optical waveguide includes: a first waveguide having a first ridge with and a first slab film thickness; a second waveguide having a second ridge width and a second slab film thickness; a first intermediate waveguide connected to the first waveguide and having a third ridge width and the first slab film thickness; and a second intermediate waveguide connected to the second waveguide and having a fourth ridge width and the second slab film thickness. The first waveguide, the first intermediate waveguide, the second intermediate waveguide, and the second waveguide are arranged in this order; the second slab film thickness is larger than the first slab film thickness; and the third ridge width is larger than the fourth ridge width.

Abstract: Various three-dimensional devices that can be formed within the bulk of a semiconductor by photo-controlled selective etching are described herein. With more particularity, semiconductor devices that incorporate three-dimensional electrical vias, waveguides, or fluidic channels that are disposed within a semiconductor are described herein. In an exemplary embodiment, a three-dimensional interposer chip includes an electrical via, a waveguide, and a fluidic channel, wherein the via, the waveguide, and the fluidic channel are disposed within the body of a semiconductor element rather than being deposited on a surface. The three-dimensional interposer is usable to make electrical, optical, or fluidic connections between two or more devices.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing and operating a monolithically integrated optical phase array (OPA) chip device, and the device itself. A three-dimensional (3-D) integrated optical phase array (OPA) chip device. A system of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) electronics integrated with a three-dimensional integrated optical array chip device. A method of three-dimension photonic integration to improve optical power in optical phase arrays.