Abstract: Controlled sensitivity of a photoconductor is obtained employing both type I and type IV titanyl phthalocyanine in a charge generation layer. The type I titanyl phthalocyanine is preferably premilled before milling the mixture.

Abstract: A liquid developer contains, for example, a nonpolar liquid, thermoplastic resin, optional colorant, and an inorganic filler

Abstract: A carrier for use in electrophotography has carrier cores comprising a binder resin and metal compound particles dispersed therein, and a coating resin for coating the surfaces of the carrier cores. Water adsorption TH2O-H (% by weight) after the carrier has been left in an environment of 30° C./80%RH, water adsorption TH2O-L (% by weight) after the carrier has been left in an environment of 23° C./5%RH, and particle surface area Sm (cm2/g) of the carrier satisfy the following relationship: 6.00×10−6≦TH2O-H/(100×Sm)≦1.50×10−5, and 1.00×10−6≦TH2O-L/(100×Sm)≦5.50×10−6.

Abstract: A method of producing a toner for developing latent electrostatic images includes the steps of preliminarily grinding a toner composition having at least a binder resin and a coloring agent to prepare a preliminarily ground product, and finely pulverizing the preliminarily ground product using a pulverizer to produce toner particles, wherein the preliminarily ground product satisfies conditions (1) and (2): Dv≧D10  (1) D50<3D10  (2) wherein Dv is a weight mean diameter of the preliminarily ground product, D10 is a weight mean diameter when the cumulative number of particles reaches 10% at measurement of a cumulative particle distribution, and D50 is a weight mean diameter when the cumulative number of particles reaches 50% at measurement of the cumulative particle distribution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photosensitive member for electrophotography which has excellent adhesion between a surface protective layer and a photosensitive layer as well as electrostatic properties, such as sensitivity and the like, and which prevents an occurrence of an image noise over a long period of time. The photosensitive member for electrophotography which comprises: (i) an electroconductive support, (ii) an organic photosensitive layer which comprises a charge generating material, a charge transporting material, and a binder resin, and (iii) a surface protective layer which comprises a thermosetting silicone resin, said surface protective layer being prepared by applying a coating solution comprising the thermosetting silicone resin and a solvent, which can dissolve the binder resin and has a boiling point of 60-130° C. and a solubility parameter of 8-11, onto the organic photosensitive layer and then curing the applied coating solution.

Abstract: The invention, in its broader aspects provides an electrophotographic toner having polymeric binder and 2,4-dicyanoglutarimide negative charge control agents represented by the following formula: wherein R1 and R2 are defined in the specification.

Abstract: Disclosed are marking particles comprising a first polymer, a second polymer, a chelating agent, and a spiropyran material of the formula wherein n is an integer representing the number of repeat —CH2— units and R is —H or —CH═CH2. The marking particles comprise a core containing the first polymer in which is dispersed the chelating agent and the spiropyran and encapsulated within a shell of the second polymer formulated by an interfacial polymerization.

Abstract: A receiver material, especially a receiver sheet, for electrophotographic thermoplastic toner particles provides toner images of photographic quality and high gloss in both the toned and untoned areas of the sheet. The paper support of the receiver material is protected against moisture damage by a thermoplastic hold-out layer on which is formed a thermoplastic toner receiving layer that is adhesively compatible with the toner and with the hold-out layer. The receiver material, including support, hold-out layer and toner receiving layer, has a volume resistivity of 1.0×108 to 1.0×1013 ohm-cm and can be electrostatically charged by back-side charging to receive toner by electrostatic transfer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process which comprises (a) dispersing into a solvent (i) toner particles comprising a resin and an optional colorant, and (ii) monomers selected from pyrroles, thiophenes, or mixtures thereof; and (b) causing, by exposure of the monomers to an oxidant, oxidative polymerization of the monomers onto the toner particles, wherein subsequent to polymerization, the toner particles are capable of being charged to a negative or positive polarity, and wherein the polarity is determined by the oxidant selected.

Abstract: A metal-containing toner is electrostatically printed on a semiconductor surface. Subsequently, this surface is annealed to achieve certain material modifications selectively at the regions where the toner is applied. If the toner contains a crystallization-catalyst metal, such as, Pd, Ni, Pt, and Cr, and is printed on an amorphous semiconductor film, annealing results in conversion of the printed regions to polycrystalline. If the metal-containing toner is printed on a silicon surface (i.e., amorphous/poly-Si layer or Si wafer) the printed regions are selectively converted to a metal-silicide (with the sufficient amount of metal applied on these regions) upon annealing.

Abstract: A resin binder composition for a non-contact fixing process comprising two or more polyesters having different softening points, wherein each of the polyesters is a resin obtained from an alcohol component consisting essentially of a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R is an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; each of x and y is a positive number, wherein a sum of x and y is 1 to 16, and wherein at least a polyester having the highest softening point is a cross-linked polyester; a toner for a non-contacting fixing process comprising the resin binder composition, and a developer comprising the toner for a non-contacting fixing process; and a method for fixing the toner in a non-contact fixing process.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a treatment for an electrographic toner. The treatment can include at least one titanium dioxide particle having a BET surface area of at least about 70 m2/g, and at least one silica particle.

Abstract: A toner comprising: a plurality of mother particles; and a plurality of external additive particles to be attached to the mother particles, the external additive particles including external additive particles attached to the mother particle and external additive particles liberated from the mother particles, wherein an inclination (particle sizes of the external additives/particle sizes of the mother particles) of an approximation straight line obtained by approximating distribution of particle sizes of the external additives with respect to the particle sizes of the mother particles by a least-square method is not larger than 0.6. Also, disclosed is an image forming apparatus using the toner.

Abstract: Disclosed are marking particles comprising a resin, a chelating agent, and a spiropyran material which is of the formula The marking particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process.

Abstract: A toner having a high colorant concentration and a binder resin that includes a polyester resin having linear portions and crosslinked portions of high density crosslinked microgel particles has a melt flow index value of about 11±MFI units. The binder resin may also include a mixture of two polyester resins having different MFI values.

Abstract: A full color image forming method including the steps of developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearing member with a color toner to form a color toner image thereon; first transferring the color developer including a color toner image onto an endless intermediate transfer material while applying a developing bias thereto; repeating the above-mentioned steps a plurality of times using a plurality of different color developers to form a full color toner image on the intermediate transfer material; and second transferring the full color image onto a receiving material, wherein a weight of each of the color toner images formed on the image bearing member is from about 0.4 mg/cm2 to about 1.5 mg/cm2, and each of the color developers has a charge quantity not less than 15 &mgr;C/g in an absolute value, and wherein the following relationship is satisfied with respect to each of the first color toner transferring steps: 5.4×Q1+90<Vb−V1<5.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor has an electroconductive support, and an undercoat layer and a photoconductive layer which are successively overlaid on the support, the undercoat layer containing an inorganic pigment and a crosslinked N-alkoxymethylated polyamide or a crosslinked material of an N-alkoxymethylated polyamide and a melamine resin as a binder resin. The method of producing the photoconductor is also disclosed. An electrophotographic image forming apparatus is provided with the aforementioned photoconductor, a charging unit, and a developing unit. A process cartridge is provided with the photoconductor, and at least one of a charging unit, a light exposure unit, a developing unit, or an image transfer unit. An electrophotographic image forming process has the steps of forming a latent electrostatic image on the photoconductor, and developing the latent electrostatic image to a visible image by reversal development.

Abstract: A micro-powder includes: (i) a sub-micron sized powder recovered from a synthetic latex emulsion of polymer and surfactant; (ii) a conductive filler incorporated into the powder; and (iii) optional charge enhancing additives incorporated into the powder. The conductive micro-powder finds particular utility as a coating for carrier core particles of toner and developer compositions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprising mixing a colorant, a latex, and a polyamine followed by aggregation and coalescence, and wherein said process is accomplished in the presence of an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: A photoreceptor web for an image forming apparatus includes a base layer, a conductive ground layer formed on the base layer, and a photosensitive layer formed on the ground layer, where an electrostatic latent image is formed by scanned light. A first protective layer is formed on the photosensitive layer for protecting the photosensitive layer, and a heating layer is formed on a rear surface of the base layer in a predetermined pattern for receiving electric power and generating resistance heat. The photoreceptor web is maintained at a constant temperature by the resistance heat generated by the heating layer.