Abstract: Development systems and methods for developing using magnetic toner are disclosed. The present invention further discloses developers used in development systems as well as the toner used in developer for magnetic ink character recognition printing. With respect to the development system, a development system is disclosed which includes a supply of dry developer mixture which contains magnetic toner particles and hard magnetic carrier particles. The development system further includes a non-magnetic, cylindrical shell for transporting the developer between the supply and the development zone, wherein the shell can be rotatable or stationary. A rotating magnetic core of a pre-selected magnetic field strength and means for rotating at least the magnetic core to provide for the transport of the toner particles from the shell to an electrostatic image also provided as part of the development system.

Abstract: An image forming method makes the warming-up time short, enables the formation of high-quality images even when fixing is performed continuously at high speed, and restrains degradations of the image quality, such as non-uniformity of gloss and non-uniformity of coloration even under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions. The method uses a toner that is wide in fixing range and is especially excellent in low-temperature fixing property. The method contains a process of melting and thereby fixing a toner image formed by unfixed toner, by heating a heating member that is in contact with the toner image. The surface of the heating member or its vicinity that is in contact with the toner image generates heat, and the toner contains at least a colorant and a binder resin having a crystalline resin with a number average molecular weight of 1500 or more as the main component.

Abstract: Provided are an electrophotographic method and an electrophotographic apparatus that can reduce ghost memory latent in an a-Si photosensitive member, relieve potential unevenness, and provide image copies with high quality. In an electrophotographic process of forming a toner image at least through decharging of a photosensitive member as a recording element, charging, exposing, developing, and transferring, at least a light-receiving layer of the photosensitive member is comprised of an amorphous material; a latent image is formed by the exposing with a light; the light has such a peak wavelength in an emission spectrum as to make minimum a value of optical memory at a unit contrast potential; and the decharging is implemented by use of a light having a full width at half maximum of a peak in an emission spectrum of not more than 50 nm.

Abstract: A process which comprises mixing a carrier core with a polymer core and polymer shell and wherein the polymer shell is present as a coating on said core and said polymer core, wherein said polymer core is generated by emulsification of and heating of monomer forming a seed latex; adding a portion of said seed latex to said emulsification mixture, followed by heating and adding another second portion of said seed latex; and wherein said shell is generated by emulsion polymerization of a monomer, followed by heating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a polymerized toner, including the step of polymerizing a polymerizable monomer composition containing at least a polymerizable monomer and a colorant in an aqueous medium. After polymerization, an aqueous dispersion containing polymer particles formed is subjected to stripping under reduced pressure in an evaporator after polymerization. At this time, the aqueous dispersion within the evaporator is continuously taken out of the evaporator and heated in an external heat exchanger, and the heated aqueous dispersion is returned to a liquid phase within the evaporator and subjected to stripping under reduced pressure within the evaporator while circulating the aqueous dispersion, thereby distilling off volatile organic compounds. By the production process, a polymerized toner markedly reduced in the content of a residual polymerizable monomer and having excellent properties is provided.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus which has a laser diode or a light emitting diode emitting a light having a wavelength of 350 to 500 nm as an image writing light source, wherein the photoreceptor includes a photosensitive layer including a deactivating agent.

Abstract: A single-layer type electrophotosensitive material comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer made of a binder resin containing at least an electric charge generating material and a hole transferring material and an electron transferring material as an electric charge transferring material, which is formed on the conductive substrate, characterized in that the binder resin contains a polycarbonate resin having a repeating structural unit represented by the general formula [1] and the solid content of the hole transferring material and the electron transferring material is not less than 30% by weight and not more than 50% by weight relative to the entire solid content, exhibits good wear resistance with respect to the photosensitive layer and is also superior in durability.

Abstract: Disclosed are photoconductive elements including a conductive support, e.g., an electrically conductive film, drum, or belt, on which a negatively chargeable photoconductive layer is disposed. An electrical barrier layer is disposed between the conductive support and the photoconductive layer. The barrier layer provides a high energy barrier to the injection of positive charges, but transports electrons under an applied electric field. In embodiments, the barrier layer can transport charge by electronic, or both electronic and ionic mechanisms, and, is not substantially affected by humidity changes. The barrier layer includes a polyester-co-imides, polyesterionomer-co-imides, or polyamide-co-imides having covalently bonded as repeat units in the polymer chain, aromatic tetracarbonylbisimide groups of the formula: wherein Ar1 and Ar2 respectively represent tetravalent or trivalent aromatic groups of 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, and X is O, C(CF3)2, S═O or SO2.

Abstract: A process including: introducing and continuously melt mixing in an extruder a mixture of a first resin feed and a second resin feed; measuring within the extruder the melt rheology of the resulting melt mixture of the first and second resins; determining the relative ratio of the first resin and a second resin from the melt rheology in the resulting melt mixture; and adjusting the relative feed ratio of the first resin and second resin feeds introduced to the extruder.

Abstract: A toner containing toner particles and an inorganic fine powder; the toner particles containing at least a binder resin, a colorant, a sulfur-containing resin, and a wax; the binder resin containing a hybrid resin component containing a vinyl type polymer unit and a polyester unit, and the sulfur-containing resin being a resin selected from the group consisting of sulfur-containing polymers and sulfur-containing copolymers

Abstract: A two-component developer includes at least a magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier. The magnetic toner has magnetic particles coated with a carbon black layer. The magnetic toner adheres to the magnetic carrier due to the magnetic interaction.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are provided for printing particles of a color toner that is selectively colored and can demonstrate or reflect color based upon exposure to light of known wavelength, intensity, and duration. The color toner is sensitive to a plurality of wavelengths to provide a desired color. The apparatus performs three basic functions: (1) applies the toner to a print medium, using an electrophotographic process, requiring the toner to be chargeable; (2) selectively applies light to the toner, the light being of known wavelength, intensity, and duration, to convert the toner particles to the desired color(s); and (3) bonds or attaches the toner to the print medium. Since the color toner includes all necessary colors that are selectively activated, only one color toner and thus only application of one color toner is required.

Abstract: A dry magnetic toner is formed of magnetic toner particles comprising a binder resin and magnetic iron oxide particles. The magnetic toner is provided with excellent developing performances and transferability by controlling the presence of isolated iron-containing particles and containing a high percentage of spherical particles, the amount of which is controlled relative to the weight-average particle size of the magnetic toner and a content of particles of 3 &mgr;m or below in the magnetic toner.

Abstract: Disclosed is a toner comprising particles of a resin and an optional colorant, said toner particles having coated thereon a polypyrrole. Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a process which comprises (a) generating an electrostatic latent image on an imaging member, and (b) developing the latent image by contacting the imaging member with charged toner particles comprising a resin and an optional colorant, said toner particles having coated thereon a polypyrrole.

Abstract: A photoconductive member with a supporting substrate, and thereover a first layer comprised of a mixture of a photogenerator component, a hole transport component, and an electron transport component; and thereover a second layer comprised of a charge transport component.

Abstract: A toner, particularly a color toner suitable for full-color image formation through a substantially oil-less heat-pressure fixing device, is formed from at least a binder resin, a colorant and a wax. The toner has viscoelasticity including: a storage modulus at 80° C. (G′80) in a range of 1×106-1×1010 dN/m2, storage moduli at temperatures of 120-180° C. (G′120-180) in a range of 5×103-1×106 dN/m2, and loss tangents (tan &dgr;=G″/G′ as a ratio between G″ (loss modulus) and G′ (storage molecules)) including a loss tangent at 180° C. (tan &dgr;180) and a minimum of loss tangents over a temperature range of 120-180 ° C. (tan &dgr;min) satisfying 1≦tan &dgr;180/tan &dgr;min. The toner further exhibits a thermal behavior providing a heat-absorption curve according to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showing a maximum heat-absorption peak temperature in a range of 50-110° C. in a temperature range of 30-200° C.

Abstract: An improved blending tool with an enlarged collision profile and method of use by rotation in a blending machine. The improved blending tool comprises an enlarged collision surface fixed at the end of the tool's center shank wherein at least half of the trailing surface of the collision surface is negatively sloped.

Abstract: A process for fusing toner to paper. This process employs a release fluid containing an aminofunctional polyorganosiloxane, and a fuser member having a fluoro-elastomer fusing surface layer that contains Fe2O3 filler.

Abstract: A developing agent comprising a photocatalytic component is employed, wherein the developing agent is irradiated with predetermined light to decompose water molecule, thereby making it possible to prevent the electric charge of developing agent from being dissipated, which may be otherwise caused to occur due to the water that has been adsorbed onto the developing agent.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic apparatus, which forms a color image by transferring a plurality of toner images having different colors onto an image-receiving sheet so as to be stacked and fixed thereon, even in the case of carrying out an oil-less fixing process and allowing the process speed to vary within wide range, the present invention provides a binder resin, toner and an electrophotographic apparatus which make it possible to achieve both superior fixing property and anti-offset property, and consequently to form a color image with high color reproducibility and high quality.