Abstract: The disclosure relates to compositions that include a substrate having attached thereto functional molecules capable of interacting with ions, and related methods. Examples of the substrate include graphene, boron nitride and a graphene-boron nitride hybrid. The compositions can reduce (e.g., prevent) scale formation and/or dissolve scale formations in oil and gas production, transportation, storage, and processing systems, such as scales caused by calcium, barium and/or strontium ions.

Abstract: There is provided a fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composite. The fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composite comprises a brittle matrix material (for example, a cementitious or ceramics material) and a coated fiber embedded in the brittle matrix material, wherein the coated fiber comprises a fiber (for example, polyethylene fiber, glass fiber, silicon carbide fiber, alumina fiber, mullite fiber) and a coating material (for example, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes), which is non-covalently disposed on the fiber. A method for producing the fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composite is also provided. The method comprises providing a fiber, disposing a coating material on the fiber to form a coated fiber, wherein the coating material is non-covalently disposed on the fiber, and embedding the coated fiber in a brittle matrix material to obtain the fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composite.

Abstract: A functionalized molybdenum disulfide nanosheet and its preparation method and application, where the preparation method includes steps below: mixing a solvent, 1 part by weight of lipoic acid and 5-10 parts by weight of a first compound for 2-4 h to obtain a mixture; adding 0.05-0.1 parts by weight of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole into the mixture, mixing for 24-48 h, and drying to obtain an intermediate product; performing ultrasonic treatment or heat treatment on a raw material-solution system to obtain a functionalized molybdenum disulfide nanosheet, where the raw material-solution system includes 5-10 parts by weight of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet, 1 part by weight of the intermediate product and saline water, the first compound contains an ethylene oxide group and an alkylamine chain, the number of carbon atoms in the alkylamine chain is 12-18, and the number of the ethylene oxide group is 2-15.

Abstract: A drilling fluid composition includes an aqueous base fluid, 0.01 to 5 wt. % of polyamine-functionalized activated carbon (AC-PAD), 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a shale material, 0.01 to 2 wt. % of a thickener, 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a fluid loss control additive, 0.01 to 5 wt. % of an adsorbent, and 1 to 20 wt. % of a borehole stabilizer. Each wt. % is based on a total weight of the drilling fluid composition. The AC-PAD is uniformly disposed on surfaces of the shale material. The shale material has an average pore size of 5 to 400 nanometers (nm). A method of preparing the AC-PAD and a method of drilling a subterranean geological formation.

Abstract: Injecting into an oil reservoir a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) together with gaseous hydrocarbons comprising a mixture of one or more of methane (C1), ethane (C2), propane (C3), butane (C4), pentane (C5), and natural gasoline, also referred to as NGL, for the purpose of achieving additional oil recovery from any of conventional, heavy, and unconventional oil reservoirs, including shale oil reservoirs. The gaseous hydrocarbons and the CO may range from 0.1% gaseous hydrocarbons and 99.5% CO and associated minor gases including any of CO2, H2, N2 to 98.5% gaseous hydrocarbons and 1.5% CO and associated minor gases.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a gypsum board and a method of making such gypsum board. For instance, the gypsum board comprises a gypsum core, a first facing material, and a second facing material wherein the first facing material and the second facing material sandwich the gypsum core. The gypsum core comprises a first gypsum core section and a second gypsum core section each comprising gypsum, wherein the first gypsum core section comprises a polyol compound and has a density higher than a density of the second gypsum core section.

Abstract: A polyacrylamide friction reducer wherein the friction reducer contains surfactant functional groups, and wherein the polyacrylamide friction reducer is degradable, can be used for multi-functional, slickwater fracturing fluid projects. Under downhole conditions, the polymer degrades and releases the surfactant molecules to act as oil displacing agent to provide additional stimulation.

Abstract: A polyacrylamide friction reducer wherein the friction reducer contains surfactant functional groups, and wherein the polyacrylamide friction reducer is degradable, can be used for multi-functional, slickwater fracturing fluid projects. Under downhole conditions, the polymer degrades and releases the surfactant molecules to act as oil displacing agent to provide additional stimulation.

Abstract: A gravel pack containing a substrate particle coated with an inducibly degradable and a porous particle having an internal interconnected porosity that is at least partially infused with an inducer material for dissolving of a layer of filter cake disposed between the gravel pack and a subterranean formation.

Abstract: A high strength engineered reactive composite that includes a reactive core. These reactive composites are useful for oil and gas completions and well stimulation processes, enhanced oil and gas recovery operations, as well as in defensive and mining applications requiring high energy density and good mechanical properties.

Abstract: A method of removing a sulfate scale from a surface is provided. The method includes contacting the sulfate-comprising scale with a conversion solution including 1 to 10 wt. % of an alkali metal carbonate, 0.5 to 10 wt. % of a borate salt or hydrate thereof, and 0.5 to 2.5 wt. % of a base to produce a carbonate-comprising scale. The method further includes exposing the carbonate-comprising scale with an acid solution including 2.5 to 25 wt. % of an acid.

Abstract: A method of removing a sulfate scale from a surface is provided. The method includes contacting the sulfate-comprising scale with a conversion solution including 1 to 10 wt. % of an alkali metal carbonate, 0.5 to 10 wt. % of a borate salt or hydrate thereof, and 0.5 to 2.5 wt. % of a base to produce a carbonate-comprising scale. The method further includes exposing the carbonate-comprising scale with an acid solution including 2.5 to 25 wt. % of an acid.

Abstract: An arrangement for producing a bulk material consisting substantially of foamed or blown mineral or oxide particles by thermal treatment of a bulk material of basic particles. The arrangement includes NIR halogen radiators for generating a NIR radiation field of radiation with an active component in a near infrared, NIR, range having a wavelength in a range between 0.8 ?m and 1.5 ?m and which has a power density of at least 50 kW/m2 for thermally treating the basic particles, a conveying device for transporting a layer or stream of the bed of basic particles through the radiation field, and a controller that controls heating of the bed of basic particles such that a maximum temperature in the layer or stream is in a temperature range between 600 and 1500° C.

Abstract: A problem to be solved of the present invention is to provide a diverting agent which gradually dissolves in water. The present invention relates to a diverting agent containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and a method of filling a fracture using the diverting agent.

Abstract: Anti-corrosion and low-heat-conduction annulus protection fluid for deep-sea oil and gas exploitation and a preparation method thereof are provided. The annulus protection fluid includes: a polymer solution: 100 parts, clear water III: 100 parts to 500 parts, a thermally-insulating material: 20 parts, a corrosion inhibitor: 1 part to 7 parts, and xanthan gum: 0.3 parts to 0.5 parts, wherein the polymer solution is a mixture of a polymer and clear water II in a mass ratio of 1:(22-28); and the polymer includes the following raw materials: clear water I: 100 parts, an acrylamide: 15 parts to 20 parts, 2-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid: 5 parts to 10 parts, a crosslinking agent: 0.1 parts to 0.3 parts, and an initiator: 0.5 parts to 1 part. The annulus protection fluid exhibits excellent thermal insulation performance and corrosion resistance, and avoids the generation of hydrates and the decomposition of hydrate layers at a wellhead.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making high temperature fiber including incorporating an inorganic atom into a polymer precursor fiber to form a modified polymer precursor fiber and converting the modified polymer precursor fiber to a high temperature fiber having a bonded inorganic atom.

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, a mirrored apparatus includes a substrate with a non-metal inorganic material that is non-diamond turnable. The mirrored apparatus further includes a finish layer arranged on the surface of the substrate. The finish layer has a polished surface opposite the substrate. The mirrored apparatus also includes a reflective layer arranged on the polished surface of the finish layer.

Abstract: The disclosure provides bistable systems for the controlled release of corrosion inhibitors, as well as related methods. The systems and methods can release corrosion inhibitors in response to pH conditions. The systems include a bistable dome and a cationic hydrogel.

Abstract: A method for realizing balanced displacement of crude oil by injection and production optimization coordinated chemical flooding which comprises the following steps: determining the median size and elastic modulus of viscoelastic particles according to the average permeability of the reservoir; optimizing the concentration ratio of the total concentration of the chemical agent; the physical parameters of each layer are counted, and the hierarchical system is combined according to the entropy weight algorithm and the cluster analysis method based on the gravity center method; the optimal section slug volume ratio of the single well injected with two slugs under the heterogeneity of the permeability of the strata is calculated; and the objective function is established by combining the coefficient of variation of remaining oil saturation, the effect of chemical flooding and the cost, and the numerical simulator is used to optimize the objective function.

Abstract: A method of repairing a well is provided. The method includes injecting a brine solution into the well, injecting carbon dioxide into the well, and reacting the brine solution in the reservoir rock with the carbon dioxide to form calcite such that calcite precipitates into the desired flow path between a cold well and a hot well to effectively repair short circuits within the EGS reservoir.