Abstract: Systems and methods for early camshaft position detection in an encoded crankshaft system are provided. In one embodiment, a method includes determining a crankshaft angular position of a crank pulse wheel based on electronic signals received from vehicle sensors. The crank pulse wheel is associated with a cycle including a first crankshaft rotation and a second crankshaft rotation. The method also includes determining a crankshaft angular position from electronic signals received from vehicle sensors. The method yet further includes receiving a sensed camshaft value for a camshaft wheel having a camshaft rotation in the cycle. The method then includes determining if the cycle is in the first crankshaft rotation or the second crankshaft rotation of the crank pulse wheel based on the crankshaft angular position of the crank pulse wheel and the sensed camshaft value.

Abstract: A suspension system and associated control methods that reduce temperature related fluctuations in the internal pressures and stiffness of the suspension system. A manifold assembly is connected in fluid communication with a plurality of dampers via hydraulic circuits and a pump assembly via a pump hydraulic line. Onboard sensors generate real-time data regarding the vehicle. A suspension control unit, arranged in electronic communication with the aforementioned components, monitors the real-time data, sets a target stiffness and a target pressure, calculates an effective stiffness based on the real-time data, determines if the effective stiffness is above or below the target stiffness and sets a new target pressure accordingly by making stepwise decreases or increases until the new target pressure is reached.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions canister is provided. The canister includes a casing defining an internal volume therein, and an inlet and outlet in fluid communication with the internal volume. The internal volume includes a layer of first adsorbent material and a layer of second adsorbent material. The first adsorbent material has a flow restriction that is lower than the flow restriction of the second adsorbent material. A fluid flow path is defined from the inlet through the internal volume of the casing to the outlet. The fluid flow path includes a transition zone of changing cross-sectional area in the direction from the inlet to the outlet. The layer of first adsorbent material is disposed at or directly adjacent to the transition zone, and the layer of first adsorbent material is disposed adjacent to and immediately upstream from the layer of second adsorbent material in the direction.

Abstract: In a gasoline internal combustion engine having a first and second spark plugs for each cylinder, associated, respectively, with a combustion pre-chamber and with a combustion chamber, engine crank angle of ignition (ECAI) of the first and second spark plugs are controlled as a function of engine load and engine rotation speed, and as a function of a required value of torque delivered by the engine, referring to a single normalized reference surface, which is the same for any operating point of the engine, and which supplies efficiency of the engine as a function of a difference between ECAI of the first spark plug and an optimal value of this angle at which the efficiency becomes maximum, and as a function of a difference between the ECAI of the second spark plug and an optimal value of this angle at which the efficiency becomes maximum.

Abstract: Fuel isolation systems, apparatuses and methods are described. In some embodiments, a system comprises a fuel tank, a fuel pump, an engine, a firewall, a fuel line from the fuel tank to the engine, a connector coupled inline with the fuel line on a cold side of the fuel line, a valve coupled to the connector, a fluid feed line coupled to a fluid source and to the valve. In the event of an engine fire condition, a control unit outputs signaling to turn off the fuel pump and operate the valve to introduce fluid from the fluid source into the fuel line. The introduced fluid provides a siphon break in the fuel line such that the only fuel that can pass the firewall is the remaining fuel in the fuel line downstream of the connector and the introduced fluid.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, fuel injection is stopped to automatically stop the engine when automatic stop conditions are met. When there is a request to restart the engine while an engine speed is decreasing due to automatic stoppage, the engine is started by resuming fuel injection if the engine speed is equal to or greater than a combustion recoverable rotational speed threshold, at which restarting is possible only by fuel injection. When there is a request to restart the engine while an engine speed is decreasing due to automatic stoppage, the engine is started using a starter motor if the engine speed is less than the combustion recoverable rotational speed threshold. When there is a request to restart the engine in a brake ON state, the engine is not started by resuming fuel injection, but rotated and started using the starter motor.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes an injector body with a fuel chamber configured to receive fuel from a fuel line, an injector tip provided at an end of the injector body, and one or more nozzle assemblies provided in the injector tip. The one or more nozzle assemblies have a fuel channel in fluid communication with the fuel chamber, a premixing tube fluidly connected to the fuel channel, and a port fluidly connected to the premixing tube. The premixing tube has an orifice providing an outlet for the injector tip.

Abstract: A method, for a direct injection engine, for dividing a fuel injection corresponding to an engine cycle into minimum sub-injections, including: determination of a desired maximum number of sub-injections by dividing a mass of fuel to be injected during the engine cycle by a minimum injectable mass and rounding down to the nearest integer; lower bounding of the desired maximum number by an authorized maximum number of sub-injections; verification that an injection duration, for such a desired maximum number of sub-injections, is less than a duration of a possible injection window and decrementation of the desired maximum number, otherwise iteration until a positive verification.

Abstract: Embodiments describe a method of controlling a two-stroke internal combustion engine. A method of controlling a two-stroke internal combustion engine includes determining a base nominal exhaust gas temperature, determining a base barometric pressure correction to base nominal exhaust gas temperature, determining exhaust gas temperature differential, determining exhaust gas temperature injection correction, and utilizing the exhaust gas temperature injection correction to make a final short-term fuel or ignition correction.

Abstract: A system and method including one or more conduits, a pump system, and a controller. The conduits are fluidly coupled with a cooling device that is operably coupled with an engine to cool at least a portion of exhaust from the engine. The pump system pumps a cleaning fluid from a cleaning fluid source through the one or more conduits and into a flow path of a portion of the exhaust from the engine while the engine continues to operate. The controller monitors operation of the engine and determines whether the engine is operating in a designated state. The controller controls the pump system to pump the cleaning fluid into the flow path of a portion the exhaust from the engine to clean the cooling device while the engine operates in the designated state and the exhaust flows from the engine and through the cooling device.

Abstract: A steering system includes a control unit. The control unit includes a manual steering angle command value setting unit, a first weighting unit, a reaction combined angle command value calculating unit, a turning combined angle command value calculating unit, a reaction force control unit configured to cause a rotation angle of a reaction motor to conform to a reaction combined angle command value, and a turning angle control unit configured to cause a rotation angle of a turning motor to conform to a turning combined angle command value.

Abstract: A method and a system for adjusting a base idle speed of an engine are described. In one example, the method reduces engine speed according to output of a sensor that senses mechanical vibrations. Once a vibration level exceeds a threshold, engine speed reduction ceases and the base engine idle speed is adjusted according to a present engine speed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a pre-combustion chamber assembly, comprising (a) a body, having a cylindrical end portion having a step-wise increase in diameter forming a sealing surface for sealing to an engine; (b) a tip, with a hollow shaft in fluid communication with a combustion region of the tip, where the shaft has a first shaft diameter that allows the shaft to be slid over a portion of the body; (c) a gasket mounted about the body and resting against the sealing surface, wherein the gasket comprises a wire wound washer.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for re-combustion of exhaust in a cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine in order to increase the temperature of the exhaust for enhancing catalytic conversion within the multi-cylinder engine. In one example, a method may include expelling combusted gases from the cylinder into an intake manifold via an intake valve during an exhaust stroke, in order to rebreathe in the combusted gases from the intake manifold via the intake valve in a subsequent intake stroke.

Abstract: A method for injecting a predetermined total fuel quantity via multiple injections using a fuel injector having a solenoid drive for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle is disclosed. The method includes determining a first target injection quantity to be injected per injection to inject the total fuel quantity throughout a series of consecutive injections; and performing a first subseries of consecutive injections, where the fuel injector is actuated according to the first target injection quantity. The method also includes determining a first fuel quantity injected during the first subseries of injections; determining a second target injection quantity to be injected per injection in a second subseries of consecutive injections, to inject the total fuel quantity throughout the first subseries and the second subseries of consecutive injections; and performing the second subseries of injections. The fuel injector is actuated according to the second target injection quantity.

Abstract: Process recipe data associated a process to be performed for a substrate at a process chamber is provided as input to a trained machine learning model. A set of process recipe settings for the process that minimizes scratching on one or more surfaces of the substrate is determined based on one or more outputs of the machine learning model. The process is performed for the substrate at the process chamber in accordance with the determined set of process recipe settings.

Abstract: Disclosed is a four-stroke direct injection engine comprising a camshaft, and exhaust valve, and a control system. The control system is configured to change the timing of the camshaft to advance a closing of the exhaust valve, control a first fuel injection step during a compression stroke of the piston, control a second fuel injection step during a power stroke of the piston, and control a third fuel injection step, after the second fuel injection step, during the power stroke of the piston.

Abstract: An energization control unit is configured to perform a constant current control by repeatedly switching between an on-state and an off-state of at least one upstream switch provided in an energization path of a coil of a fuel injection valve to control opening of the fuel injection valve in a drive period in which the coil is energized to drive the fuel injection valve. A current detection unit is configured to detect a coil current flowing through the coil. A valve-opening detection unit is configured to detect valve-opening timing of the fuel injection valve based on a change in at least one frequency spectrum of the coil current in a constant current control period in which the constant current control is performed. A valve-opening correction unit is configured to correct valve opening of the fuel injection valve based on a detection result of the valve-opening detection unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure in at least one embodiment provides an apparatus for braking a vehicle, including at least one sensor for detecting a braking input of the vehicle, a front-wheel EMB including a front-wheel motor and a front-wheel brake for braking a front wheel(s), a rear-wheel EMB including a rear-wheel motor and a rear-wheel brake for braking a rear wheel(s), a front-wheel ECU for controlling the front-wheel motor for allowing the front-wheel EMB to brake the front wheel, a center ECU for calculating and transmitting, upon receiving the braking input from the at least one sensor, a braking force to the front-wheel ECU, and controlling the rear-wheel motor for allowing the rear-wheel EMB to brake the rear wheel, and a battery for supplying electric power to the front-wheel ECU and the center ECU, wherein the front-wheel EMB is controlled by the front-wheel ECU, and the rear-wheel EMB is controlled by the center ECU.

Abstract: A seal for a plumbing fitting includes two or more respective apertured sealing portions. Each apertured sealing portion independently includes one or more edge portions enclosing an aperture therebetween. The apertured portions are integrally formed.