Abstract: An image sensor is positioned at a fixing member and adheres to and is fixed to the fixing member by pouring an adhesive into the opening. The opening is formed in a shape that extends in a short-side direction of the image sensor at a position corresponding to a substantially central portion of the image sensor in a long-side direction. The opening is formed such that an opening width on a side not facing the image sensor is larger than an opening width on a side facing the image sensor.

Abstract: A reference signal generating circuit, an AD conversion circuit, and an imaging device are provided. A clock generating unit includes a delay section including delay units, each of which delays an input signal and outputs a delayed signal, and outputs a low-order phase signal based on a signal output from the delay section. A high-order current source cell unit includes high-order current source cells, each of which generates the same constant current. A low-order current source cell unit includes low-order current source cells weighted to generate constant currents having current values that differ by a predetermined proportion of a current value of the constant current generated by the high-order current source cell. Selection of the high-order current source cell is performed based on a clock obtained by dividing a clock based on the low-order phase signal.

Abstract: One sensor pixel includes amplifying transistor, coupled between first bias line and data line; switch transistor, operated by control line and coupled between data line and gate of amplifying transistor; storage capacitor, coupled to second bias line; and sensor being coupled to gate of amplifying transistor. Another sensor pixel includes first amplifying transistor coupled between first bias line and data line; second amplifying transistor being coupled between second bias line and data line; switch transistor being operated by control line and being coupled between data line and gates of first and second amplifying transistors; storage capacitor coupled to gates of first and second amplifying transistors; and sensor coupled to gates of first and second amplifying transistors. Trap-assisted absorption, variable capacitor described for sensor pixels, and also biasing to reduce flicker and aging, and to compensate for aging, described for sensor pixels.

Abstract: A broadband light source (e.g., an optical supercontinuum apparatus), can comprise a pump laser; a non-linear optical element configured for generating spectrally broadened light generated responsive to receiving pump laser pulses and one or more non-linear processes; an optical output for delivering spectrally broadened light to a target; a length of optical waveguide optically upstream of the output and in optical communication therewith; and a sensor apparatus. The length of optical waveguide can comprise at least a first waveguiding region configured for propagating spectrally broadened light in a forward direction toward the output and can be further configured for receiving backward propagating light responsive to the forward propagating light. The sensor apparatus can be configured for optical communication with the length of optical waveguide so as to sense the backward propagating light propagated by the length of optical waveguide.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric conversion apparatus which can enhance photo responsibility. A photoelectric conversion apparatus includes: a photoelectric conversion element configured to output a photo current generated by a photoelectric conversion; a detecting unit configured to detect a potential of an output terminal of the photoelectric conversion element; a feedback input unit configured to input a feedback signal based on the potential detected by the detecting unit; a current detecting unit configured to detect the photo current; and a current amplifier unit configured to generate an amplified current based on the photo current detected by the current detecting unit, and to output the amplified current to the feedback input unit, wherein the feedback input unit outputs a current derived by adding the photo current to the amplified current.

Abstract: A spatially resolved spectral device comprising a dispersive array to receive an incident light comprising a principal ray. The dispersive array comprising a plurality of dichroic layers, each of the plurality of dichroic layers disposed in a path of a direction of the principal ray. Each of the plurality of dichroic layers configured to at least one of reflect or transmit a different wavelength range of the incident light. The device further comprising a detection array operatively coupled with the dispersive array. The detection array comprising a photosensitive component including a plurality of detection pixels, each of the plurality of detection pixels having a light-receiving surface disposed parallel to the direction of the principal ray to detect a respective one of the different wavelength ranges of incident light reflected from a corresponding one of the plurality of dichroic layers.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging apparatus includes a pixel array in which pixels are arranged in a matrix. Each pixel includes a photoelectric conversion element, a transfer transistor, an amplifier transistor, and a reset transistor. The pixel array an effective pixel part in which light enters the photoelectric conversion element and which is configured to output a video signal, an optical black pixel part in which the photoelectric conversion element is shielded from light and which is configured to output a reference signal, and a dummy pixel part. Of pixels connected to the same signal output line, effective pixels of the effective pixel part are configured such that a first potential is supplied from the reset transistor to a floating diffusion part, and clipping pixels of the dummy pixel part are configured such that a second potential is supplied from the reset transistor to the floating diffusion part.

Abstract: Provided is a back-illuminated solid-state image pickup apparatus having an improved color separation characteristic. A photo detector includes a first photo detector unit and a second photo detector unit disposed deeper than the first photo detector unit with respect to a back surface of a semiconductor substrate, wherein the first photo detector unit includes a first-conductivity-type first semiconductor region where carriers generated through photo-electric conversion are collected as signal carriers. A readout portion includes a first-conductivity-type second semiconductor region extending in a depth direction such that the carriers collected in the first semiconductor region are read out to a front surface of the semiconductor substrate. A unit that reduces the amount of light incident on the second semiconductor region is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiation detection device including a silicon substrate and an infrared photodiode made of a material optimized for infrared detection. The substrate comprises a photosensitive area, readout circuits, and interconnects formed in an electrically-insulating material. The interconnects and the metal contact connect the readout circuits, the photosensitive areas, and the infrared photodiode. The detection device also comprises an infrared radiation filtering structure which covers the photosensitive area without covering the infrared photodiode.

Abstract: A photoelectric receiver circuit for converting an optical signal to an electrical signal is presented. The receiver includes a photodetector connected between a transimpedance amplifier input and a high voltage supply providing a bias voltage to the photodetector. A high voltage supply variation sensing element is connected between the high voltage supply and a current controlled current source, where the current controlled source output is connected to the input of the transimpedance amplifier. A current limiter is connected between the high voltage supply and a high voltage source. The photocurrent passing through the current limiter lowers the high voltage supply and is detected by the sensing element. Current from the sensing element is processed at the input of the transimpedance amplifier to minimize the current into the transimpedance amplifier, limiting the saturation of the amplifier, thus improving recovery time when a high optical power pulse impinges the photodetector.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improved control of the trajectory and timing of droplets of target material in a laser produced plasma (LPP) extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light system is disclosed. A droplet illumination module generates two laser curtains for detecting the droplets. The first curtain is used for detecting the position of the droplets relative to a desired trajectory to the irradiation site so that the position of a droplet generator may be adjusted to direct the droplets to the irradiation site, as in the prior art. A droplet detection module detects each droplet as it passes through the second curtain, determines when the source laser should generate a pulse so that the pulse arrives at the irradiation site at the same time as the droplet, and sends a signal to the source laser to fire at the correct time.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device in which a parasitic capacitance between an optical signal common output line for commonly transmitting an optical signal and a control signal line and a parasitic capacitance between an initial voltage common output line for commonly transmitting an initial voltage and the control signal line in a plurality of photoelectric conversion units are substantially equal is provided. The control signal line is arranged so that the length of the wiring part of the control signal line in parallel with the optical signal common output line and the length of the wiring part of the control signal line in parallel with the initial voltage common output line are substantially equal and the distance between the control signal line and the optical signal common output line and the distance between the control signal line and the initial voltage common output line are substantially equal.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging apparatus includes: a ramp signal generator for generating first and second time-changing ramp signals during first and second analog-to-digital conversion periods, respectively; comparators for comparing a reset signal of a pixel with the first ramp signal during the first analog-to-digital conversion period, and comparing a pixel signal with the second ramp signal during the second analog-to-digital conversion period; and memories for storing, as first and second digital data, count values of counting from a start of changing the first and second ramp signals until an inversion of outputs of the comparators, during the first and second analog-to-digital conversion periods, wherein the ramp signal generator supplies a current from a current generator to a first capacitor element by a sampling and holding operation of a switch, and generates the first and second ramp signals based on the same bias voltage held by the first capacitor element.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor device includes a waveguide that an input light to be inputted, a ring modulator optically coupled with the waveguide, a first ring resonator optically coupled with the waveguide and having an optical path length smaller than an optical path length of the ring modulator, a second ring resonator optically coupled with the first waveguide and having an optical path length larger than the optical path length of the ring modulator, a heater arranged adjacent to the ring modulator, the first ring resonator and the second ring resonator, a first photodetector monitoring a light power in the first ring resonator, a second photodetector monitoring a light power in the second ring resonator, and a controller controlling the heater so that a resonance wavelength of the ring modulator agrees with a wavelength of the input light, based on signals detected by the first and second photodetectors.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a semiconductor region of p-type; a buried region of n-type, configured to serve as a photodiode together with the semiconductor region; a extraction region of n-type, configured to extract charges generated by the photodiode from the buried region, having higher impurity concentration than the buried region; a read-out region of n-type, configured to accumulate charges, which are transferred from the buried region having higher impurity concentration than the buried region; and a potential gradient changing mechanism, configured to control a potential of the channel, and to change a potential gradient of a potential profile from the buried region to the read-out region and a potential gradient of a potential profile from the buried region to the extraction region, so as to control the transferring/extraction of charges.

Abstract: In a method of operating an image sensor, a noise voltage of a floating diffusion region is sampled after a reset voltage is applied to the floating diffusion region. A storage region, in which a photo-charge is stored, is electrically connected to the floating diffusion region after sampling the noise voltage, and a demodulation voltage of the floating diffusion region is sampled after the storage region and the floating diffusion region are electrically-connected. A voltage is determined based on the noise voltage and the demodulation voltage.

Abstract: In a radial optical path type rotary encoder, in order to be able to reduce deterioration of resolution and variation among products due to burrs during molding and/or rounding of a die, a scale for a rotary encoder is provided with a scale body which is formed substantially in a cylindrical shape, the scale body having a side surface portion in which a light transmitting portion through which light passes and a light blocking portion by which light with a predetermined width in a circumferential direction is blocked are formed alternately in the circumferential direction, wherein the side surface on a light-incident side of the light blocking portion is formed outside a light transmittable region having an outer edge defined by a light beam tangent to the side surface of the light blocking portion amidst the light passing through the light transmitting portion, in a lateral cross-section view.

Abstract: Provided are a photo sensor, a display device including the same, and a driving method thereof. The photo sensor includes: an amplifying element including an input terminal coupled to a scan line for receiving a scan signal, an output terminal configured to output a sensing signal, and a control terminal connected to a first node; a sensing capacitor connected with the first node; a photosensitive sensing element including a control terminal connected with a terminal of a first control signal, an output terminal connected with the first node, and an input terminal; and a reset element connected with the output terminal of the amplifying element and resetting the output terminal of the amplifying element to second voltage according to a reset control signal.

Abstract: To provide a photoelectric conversion device with low power consumption and a method for operating the photoelectric conversion device. The photoelectric conversion device includes a charge storage capacitor portion, a photodiode, and a plurality of transistors. The charge storage capacitor portion is charged after being reset. Then, the charge storage capacitor portion is discharged through the photodiode or a current mirror circuit connected to the photodiode for a given period of time, and after that, the potential of the charge storage capacitor portion is read. Since power is consumed only at the time of charging, power consumption can be reduced.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device includes a circuit board, a first light emitting module, a first light receiving module, a second light emitting module, a second light receiving module, and an optical coupling member. The light emitting modules and the light receiving modules are mounted on the circuit board. The optical coupling member includes a first reflective surface obliquely connected to the light incident surface, four converging lenses, a second reflective surface, and a third reflective surface. The converging lenses are formed on the light incident surface. The first reflective surface defines a recess for receiving the second and third reflective surfaces. The third converging lens is fed by the second reflective surface and the fourth converging lens is fed by the third reflective surface.