Abstract: A vertical drying chamber, for the continuous drying of finely divided solids at temperatures in the range of 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C. by the evaporation of moisture adhering thereto, is formed by the interstice between an inner tube and an outer tube. The outer tube is surrounded by a heat source (electrical resistance heating, infrared radiator) and is composed of a plurality of tube sections plugged one into the other, each tube having a funnel-shaped upper end into which the bottom, plain end of the tube section above it extends. Between the interconnected tube ends spacers are provided. The tube sections are made of a material that is permeable to infrared radiation.

Abstract: A dryer door mechanism for the opening, closing and sealing of an opening to a dryer enclosure. The door mechanism has a movable door in rolling engagement with a pair of tracks affixed to a door frame. The tracks of the door frame are angularly disposed from both the plane of the enclosure opening and the plane of the movable door. The movable door, while rolling along its track, simultaneously moves perpendicular and parallel to the plane of the enclosure opening. When moved to the closed position, the movable door becomes wedged against the enclosure opening thereby providing a force perpendicular to the opening of the enclosure for creating an airtight seal.

Abstract: A seal system for preventing leakage of air from the tumbler cylinder of a dryer. The system includes a pair of spaced seal members derfining a zone through which air is withdrawn from the cylinder. End seals are provided at each end of the cylinder, each end seal comprising a laterally shiftable annular ring abutting the respective end.

Abstract: A novel portable garment drying device for quickly drying garments is comprised of an air circulating means assembled with a support frame, an air permeable sheet upon which a garment is placed for drying, and bottom covering. The device is easily assembled and disassembled for storage or transport.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying a fibre web (4), wherein the web (4) is dired in at least two successive drying zones between a heated band (1b, 1d) and a cooled band (1a, 1c) moving substantially in parallel with and at equal speed as the web (4), the bands being endless and air-tight and having good thermal conductivity. In order to shorten the apparatus and to save energy, it comprises several drying zones positioned on top of each other in a direction transverse to the surface of the web (4), whereby the web (4) moves in opposite directions in drying zones positioned immediately on top of each other. Further, the endless band (1b, 1c) positioned between two drying zones positioned on top of each other forms one of the drying elements in both drying zones, whereby the same cooling or heating means (8, 9) positioned within the band (1b, 1c) between the rolls (2b, 3b; 2c, 3c) can cool or heat the web sections positioned within the length of both drying zones.

Abstract: An improved kiln for seasoning lumber. The kiln includes an air treatment and circulating assembly adjacent the top wall. The air treatment and circulating assembly includes a series of fan assemblies for circulating air to the lumber stacked within said chamber and means for heating air within said chamber. An exhaust venting system located on the downstream side of the airflow from the lumber stack and on the upstream side of the air treatment and circulating assembly is operable to exhaust moisture-ladened wet air prior to the air passing through the air treatment and circulating system. The kiln also includes an intake air vent located downstream of the air flow from the air treatment and circulating assembly and upstream of the stacked lumber which adds additional outside air to make up that portion of air which is exhausted through the exhaust venting system.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process and apparatus for freeze-drying, said apparatus comprising freeze-drying shelves disposed inside a freeze-drying enclosure, on which may be placed products or solutions to be freeze-dried, which may be contained in open recipients, as well as cooling and/or heating means associated with and preferably incorporated in said shelves, wherein means forming a thermal shield are disposed between said freeze-drying shelves, thus making it possible to slow down the heat exchanges between the surface of the product to be freeze-dried and the heating and/or cooling elements associated with the shelves. More homogeneous freeze-dried products are obtained in this way.

Abstract: A highly efficient evaporative cooler having high cooling capacity in relation to its size, wherein the incoming air is directed to flow along an evaporative pad, rather than directly therethrough, resulting in highly efficient temperature reduction of the incoming air.

Abstract: Method and device in multi-cylinder dryers of a paper machine, which the dryers comprise two lines of drying cylinders (10,11), in whose connection twin-wire draw is applied, by means of whose drying wire (F1,F2) a closed draw is obtained in the transfer of the paper web (W) from one cylinder line onto the other. In the closed draw, the guide rolls (12/13) of the drying wires (F1/F2) are placed at the proximity of the run of the other wire (F2/F1) on which the drying wire runs from its drying cylinder (11/10) to its guide roll (13/12). For the purpose of ventilation of the pockets (T1,T2) defined by the drying wires (F1,F2) and by the free faces of the drying cylinders (10,11), an air jet or air jets (S1) are blown against the drying wires (F1,F2) within the area in which the drying wire (F1/F2) contacts a portion of the web (W) supported by the other drying wire F2 /F1 which runs over a segment of the circumference of the guide roll (13/12) of the other drying wire F2/F1.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the heat treatment and/or the drying of a web of material 1 passing continuously through. In this case the web of material 1 is treated on one or both sides with infrared radiation. The infrared radiators 6, 7 can be adjusted in their radiation capacity over the width of the web of material 1 by being heated by a plurality of individual hot-gas streams which are guided parallel to the web of material 1, can be adjusted to differing temperatures or can sweep at differing flow rates over the rear sides of radiating plates 6a, 7a of the infrared radiators 6, 7.

Abstract: A freeze drying apparatus includes a vacuum chamber, an evacuation system, and an additional condensation surface which may serve as a fail-safe condensation surface. The additional condensation surface is connected by way of a valve with a reservoir container containing a low boiling point coolant, such as liquid nitrogen. If, due to a malfunction, the pumping power of the evacuation system fails, the valve is opened so that the additional condensation surface takes over the pumping work for the commodity charge positioned in the vacuum chamber. The additional condensation surface may be positioned in a condenser of the evacuation system, in the vacuum chamber, or in a separate chamber connected to the vacuum chamber.

Abstract: The present invention is to be used in drying installations. The invention consists of combining the heat of the copper cylinders on which the paper slides with pressing rollers with a diameter larger than the conventional rollers used to transport the belt which guides the sheet of paper. The invention has been foreseen to increase the number of pressure points by installing other pressing rollers at the free spaces, accelerating the drying process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a self-contained, rapid cooling device that can be stored for indefinite periods without losing its cooling potential. A liquid in a first chamber undergoes a change of phase into vapor which cools the first chamber. A sorbent in a second chamber is in fluid communication with the vapor and removes the vapor from the first chamber. A heat sink material thermally coupled to the sorbent collects and irreversibly captures heat transferred from the vapor to the sorbent.

Abstract: A dryer for photographs sprayed with lacquer has an endless conveyor belt for transporting the photograph under infra red heaters enclosed in an exhaust hood. A second conveyor under the first receives the photo via an air transfer and returns it to the operator. Controls for preventing scorching of the photograph and for operating the device are provided.

Abstract: An arrangement for a process plant which provides heat treatment of strip-shaped products, such as a paper web, the arrangement including a plurality of lamps operating with infra-red radiation. Channel means are provided for conducting a supply of air or some other heat treatment medium and directed against the strip undergoing the processing by means of a heat treatment ramp positioned adjacent the strip. The air or some other suitable heat treatment medium is directed and supplied to flow essentially parallel to the strip of the product. The apparatus for supplying the air directs the air parallel to the product being dried, in order to avoid blowing through the product.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for drying particulate material such as bark by forming a circulating bed of other material to be dried, which bed, being guided by wires, moves on an endless web around two wire turning rolls. Material to be dried is continuously fed onto the bed and dried material is continuously discharged from the innermost layers of the bed, such that the thickness of the bed remains constant. The material to be dried is discharged by means of a dosing cell roll, which is disposed in the opening between the horizontal section of the first wire loop and the horizontal section of the second wire loop.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for cutting a tail from a web extending from a single tier dryer section to a further single tier dryer section. The apparatus includes a last dryer of the dryer section and a dryer felt extending around the last dryer such that the web is disposed between the dryer felt and the last dryer for drying a second side of the web. A last felt roll is disposed downstream relative to the last dryer such that the felt extends around the last felt roll. A first dryer of the further dryer section is disposed downstream relative to the last dryer and a first felt roll is disposed between the last dryer and the first dryer. A further felt extends around the first felt roll and the first dryer such that the web extends in open draw between the last dryer and the first dryer and thereafter around the first dryer between the further felt and the first dryer for drying a first side of the web. A tail cutter is disposed adjacent to the web for cutting a tail from the web in the open draw.

Abstract: A central heating installation provided with a hot tap water circuit for domestic usage includes a heating apparatus having an enclosure the inner portion of which is provided with a burner, notably a gas burner, and on which is possibly wound or a heating circuit duct extending thereafter through a fin assembly situated in the upper portion of the enclosure, along the path of travel of the hot gases, the heating circuit, when extending through the fin assembly, being provided in the shape of a plurality of flattened tubes connected to one another by elbows and the hot tap water circuit being provided in the form of a tube having the shape of a hairpin or of a pipe coil and placed inside the flattened tubes where they extend through the fin assembly.

Abstract: Superheated steam is applied directly to the surface of a web of paper or the like to significantly increase at least the surface temperature of the web impinged by the superheated steam thereby to significantly heat the paper. The web, after steam treatment, is immediately passed into a nip. The steam applicator is maintained at a temperature above 100.degree. C. to insure that condensation problems are substantially avoided and most if not all the steam condensed in the web. An applicator for superheated steam comprises a heated chamber having a steam inlet and apertures through which steam is directed from the chamber toward a travelling web, the chamber is heated to a temperature to ensure that the steam leaving the chamber through the apertures has the desired degree of super heat, i.e. moisture to heat content to raise the temperature of the web without undue amount of condensation forming on the equipment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for regulating the profile of a paper web passing over a Yankee cylinder in an integrated IR-dryer/Yankee hood (3,2), wherein the IR-dryer (3) is placed before the wet-end block of the Yankee cylinder. The amount of air leaking into the hood (2) through the gap between the hood (2) and the Yankee cylinder (1) is reduced by passing into this gap (h.sub.o) cooling air (5) warmed up in the IR-dryer (3) and taken from said IR-dryer (3).