Abstract: A limestone flue gas scrubbing system includes a confining means which collects the effluent from the spray tower. A portion of this effluent is removed to a secondary reaction tank which operates at low pH for increased utilization of the additive. A first portion of the flow from the tank is passed to waste with the liquid portion returning to the main additive tank. A remaining portion of the slurry from the secondary tank is recirculated to the spray tower in parallel with the main slurry flow from the main reaction tank.

Abstract: A device for monitoring the composition of the exhaust emission of a combustion process includes a hollow elongated body open at one end thereof and an elongated substrate located in the body and defining adjacent the one end of the body an exhaust emission sensing element and a resistive heating element. The sensing element and the heating element are printed on opposite sides of one end of the substrate and are electrically connected to respective first conductive areas extending to the opposite end of the substrate. A carrier is mounted in the other end of the body and supports at least two terminal members which are electrically connected to respective second conductive areas provided on first and second elongated, flexible circuit elements which at their free ends project from the carrier and are folded inwardly so that said second conductive areas are presented to each other.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing compost having a high nutrient value from a mixture of animal manure and sawdust. The composter has two parallel shafts with radially projecting fingers which, when the shafts are rotated, slowly and gently churn and agitate the mixture in the composting chamber while air is directed therethrough at a predetermined low rate. When the composting action is completed the compost is promptly dried and packaged in moisture impervious containers.

Abstract: A method for preparing corundum particles by a hydrothermal process which comprises adding fine particles of corundum to a starting alumina hydrate, and subjecting the resulting mixture to a hydrothermal reaction or treatment, the alumina in the alumina hydrate being deposited on the surfaces of the fine corundum particles while suppressing formation of new corundum crystal nuclei.

Abstract: A method for the dense-phase flow of particulate solids utilizes a pressurized feeder and flow splitter which transports and equally divides particulate material at essentially the bulk density with only the gas contained in interstices of the solid particles being used to transport the particles. The feeder comprises a vessel which is pressurized, a gas source for pressurization and an outlet line with a full opening valve located immediately adjacent to the feeder. The loaded vessel containing particulate matter is pressurized, followed by opening the valve adjacent the feeder, the valve and relatively empty downstream line when flow is initiated being the key to successful operation of the dense-phase feeder. The downstream flow divider evenly distributes the dense-phase material to, for example, a multiplicity of feed passages in a multi-passage injector.

Abstract: Storage-stable fertilizer compositions exhibiting exceptionally low salt-out temperatures comprising aqueous solutions of magnesium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and urea, present in particular proportions, are provided.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling the emission of exhaust gas from a diesel engine used in mining operations consists of a purifier chamber within a water jacketed adaptor and having an inlet for connection to the outlet from the exhaust manifold of the engine. The purifier chamber contains a catalytic purifier for the reduction of carbon monoxide passing from the inlet of the purifier chamber to its outlet, which is connected to a water scrubber for the reduction of the temperature of exhaust gases, the removal of some of the products of combustion, and for quenching exhaust flames.

Abstract: Alkaline earth chloride crystals exhibiting substantially improved physical and optical transmission characteristics are grown from starting powders by a one step Reactive Atmospheric Processing (RAP) method.

Abstract: Urea prills are obtained by contacting molten urea droplets with a co-current gas stream in a prill tower and cooling and collecting the prills thus formed in a fluidized bed having a second gas stream flowing countercurrent to the prills.

Abstract: An oil reclamation device comprises a housing, filter, evaporator plate and heating assembly. The evaporator plate includes upwardly projecting evaporation walls defining a plurality of curved vaporizing surfaces laterally displaced radially with respect to each other to form a fluid traveling surface therebetween. The heating assembly includes downwardly projecting heating walls defining a plurality of curved heating surfaces located between the curved vaporizing surfaces. The evaporation walls and the heating walls define a plurality of curved paths along the fluid traveling surface from the longitudinal axis of the housing outwardly along the evaporator plate. The evaporator plate includes passageways extending from the mechanical filtration zone to deliver substantially all of the oil being treated at a centermost portion of the evaporator plate.

Abstract: A method for sealing a by-product coke oven in which a silicone material is caused to foam to form a foaming silicone composition preferably by mixing a first mixture of organohydrogensiloxane and hydroxylated organosiloxane with a second mixture of organohydrogensiloxane most desirably with a platinum catalyst, and heating the mixture to provide a volumetrically expandable foam. The volumetrically expandable foam is sprayed around the periphery of coke oven doors, slip-joints and similar points of gaseous emissions where it undergoes a foaming acting in the presence of the heat of the oven such that the foam volumetrically expands to provide a seal that prevents the emission of gas, dust, and smoke during the coking cycle.

Abstract: This invention relates to quaternaries of halogen derivatives of alkoxynoxymethyl amines and uses thereof. These may be summarized by the following formulae: ##STR1## where R and R' are substituted groups such as alkyl, aryl, etc.; R" is an alkylidene group; and X is halogen and A is an anion; and ##STR2## where R, R' and R" having the same meaning as in (1) and Z is a bridging group, preferably hydrocarbon such as alkylidene, alkinylene, alkenylene, arylene, etc.

Abstract: A polymerization process is carried out in at least two zones, wherein in one zone polymerization is effected in the presence of a liquid phase which is at least one liquid olefine monomer and in a subsequent zone polymerization is effected by contacting the solid polymer with a gaseous olefine monomer, the product from the first zone being subjected to a concentration stage to remove some of the liquid olefine monomer before the concentrated polymer mixture is passed to the subsequent zone for polymerization with the gaseous olefine monomer. The monomer in each case may be the same, for example liquid propylene in one zone and gaseous propylene in a subsequent zone. The concentration stage may be effected using a hydrocyclone.

Abstract: A comminuted or particulated growth substrate is produced by extracting peat blocks from bog and drying these blocks to a moisture content of 10 to 30%. The blocks are thereafter compressed into a volume of 1/3 to 1/10 of their initial size and the particulated growth substrate is prepared from the compressed block by cutting or fraising.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer is cleansed of loose foreign surface matter and chemical impurities near the surface in an apparatus which passes superheated steam over the wafer. Condensate is permitted to form and drip off the wafer. After rising above 100.degree. C. the wafer becomes dry, and is removed from the apparatus and then permitted to cool.

Abstract: The method of producing blast furnace coke by (1) compacting a finely divided coal wherein at least about 60% by weight of the coal has a diameter of less than about 1/8 inch to form a coal compact, which compact immediately after removal from the compacting means comprises at least about 20% by weight of particles having a particle size of less than 1/4 inch in diameter; (2) breaking the thus formed compact such that the bulk density is sufficiently increased to be capable of conversion into coke suitable for use in large blast furnaces upon carbonization thereof; and (3) carbonizing the broken compact to thereby produce blast furnace coke having a minimum hardness of about 68 and a minimum stability of about 55. The compacting is preferably performed at a pressure equivalent to that achieved by passing the finely divided coal between rolls at a pressure applied to the coal of between about 20 and about 60 tons per lineal inch.

Abstract: A catalytic muffler is formed by winding together a pair of relatively thin catalytically active foils one of which is corrugated. The wound-together foils are secured together by nondeposit welding to form a rigid insert having longitudinally throughgoing gas passages. This insert is then fitted into a cylindrical housing and welded to the housing once again using a beam-type welder.

Abstract: A method is provided for washing the inside of an organic digester of the type having a rotatable roof member. The method includes supporting the roof member, with pressurized gas excluding oxygen, rotating the roof member, spraying water on the interior walls of the digester, and observing the washing process.

Abstract: The specification discloses a combination mixing-reaction apparatus comprising a mixing vessel within an evacuable housing, mixing vanes operable from outside of the apparatus. The housing is provided with vacuum conduits which can be connected to a vacuum source for withdrawing vapors and gaseous reaction products from within the apparatus.

Abstract: The ozone content of ozone-containing gas mixtures is determined in a process wherein the ozone is converted to oxygen and which includes channeling a gas mixture containing nitrogen oxides and possibly water vapor through an adsorbent of aluminosilicate which contains 2 to 20% by weight of aluminum oxide and the aluminosilicate is of spherical shape with a particle diameter of 2 to 5 mm and a specific area of 200 to 650 m.sup.2 /g and an average pore diameter of 5 to 10 nm.