Abstract: In a method for bending glass plates, the glass plates are heated in a horizontal position in a continuous furnace (1) to the bending temperature and in a following bending chamber (5) are pressed by an upwardly flowing hot gas stream against a convex bending mold (7) positioned above the conveying plane. The bent glass plates (3') are placed on a displaceable shaping ring (13) and transferred with the latter into a following cooling station (16). The glass plates (3) are raised from the conveying roller train (2) of the continuous furnace (1) by a suction plate (3) are positioned relative to the transfer ring (28) on the latter. With the aid of the transfer ring (28) the glass plates (3) are transferred into the bending chamber, where in the end position of the transfer ring (28) they assume the desired end position relative to the bending mold (7).

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for establishing a predetermined thermal profile in a glass sheet immediately prior to press bending outside the heating furnace. The press bending members are provided with arrays of heating elements that are individually or zone regulated to assist in establishing an optimum temperature profile in the glass sheet conducive to proper bending. The temperature profile established in the heated sheet by the arrays of heating elements is coordinated with that established in the furnace and subsequently, modified by heat dissipation as the glass sheet advances to the bending station to achieve the proper bending temperature. The heating elements can also be utilized to create a temperature profile in the glass sheet generally higher than that originally established in the furnace.

Abstract: A process for disposing of filter media is provided, which process comprises (a) mixing a filter media with a hydrocarbonaeous mixing stream to form a media-hydrocarbon mixture and (b) feeding said media-hydrocarbon mixture to a coking vessel. Preferred coking vessels include delayed cokers, fluidized cokers, and coke calciners. An apparatus for disposing of filter media is provided, which apparatus comprises (a) a coking vessel; (b) a mixer to mix the filter media with a hydrocarbonaeous mixing fluid to form a media-hydrocarbonaeous fluid mixture; and, (c) a feed means to feed the media-hydrocarbonaeous fluid mixture to the coking vessel. Preferably, the apparatus comprises a size reduction means to reduce the size of the filter media to form a media staple comprising fiber clusters having a desired shape and size.

Abstract: An improved method of forming an optical element, wherein heated upper and lower molds are used in conjunction with radiation heating glass material placed in an optical forming surface of the lower mold. The molds are heated to a necessary temperature, then the glass material is heated by exposure to heat by radiation. The glass blank then is pressed between the upper and lower molds to transfer the optical forming surfaces of each mold to the glass material, and define the optically functional surfaces of an optical element.

Abstract: A pyrolytic converter utilizing a rotatable drum surrounded by an outer drum support structure and disposed in an oven chamber pyrolyzes materials including plastic waste, tires, materials from automobile shredding operations, containers and trays of plastic material, rubber, leather, garbage, sewage sludge, coal, oil shale, broken asphalt and the like. The gaseous products of pyrolyzation are collected and condensed in a series of three tanks; the later two of which are water filled and the intermediate one of which has a chamber in which expanding steam creates turbulence and provides an air lift which forms water into a spray for cooling incoming gases while simultaneously scrubbing the gases. The gases are condensed into oils of successively higher volatility in the first, second and third tanks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for bending and tempering a glass sheet. From a preheating furnace a glass sheet is advanced into a positioning and bending station supported by a gas bed between the stations. In the positioning and bending station the glass sheet is lifted by a ring mold from a gas bed and the glass sheet is heated for gravitational bending to close to a final profile. The glass sheet is pressed to its final profile or shape by an overhead press plate, which also serves as a vacuum pickup for carrying the bent glass sheet into a station for heating for tempering. After tempering, the glass sheet is advanced into a quenching station.

Abstract: An apparatus and a process are disclosed for manufacturing glass sheets of a complex form for vehicles. The apparatus includes a roller heating oven, a supporting air bed in a shaping section, a shaping ring for conveying the sheet of glass in a vertical direction toward an upper shaping mold, and a ring for conveying the sheet of glass horizontally toward a tempering station. The air bed is formed with frustoconical nozzles of such a size as to enable the shaping ring to pass through them so as to be movable to a position beneath its floating position.

Abstract: A delayed coker drumhead handling apparatus, which includes remotely operable trammel pivot apparatus to open and close the coke drum by moving the drumhead downwardly and laterally, such that the apparatus is especially suitable for use in areas of restricted clearance to the operating deck or otherwise confined space.

Abstract: Vented plunger cooling exhaust air is directed downwardly through the lower cylinder through suspended tubing to isolate the hot exhaust air from the lower cylinder.

Abstract: The organic material (such as waste tire compound) is pyrolysed by pre-heating the organic material (without pyrolysis) in a preheat zone 9 by a hot gas stream; feeding pre-heated material directly to a microwave discharge zone 10 by means of conveyor 8; pyrolysing the pre-heated material in the microwave discharge zone to produce solid fission products containing elemental carbon and gaseous by-products; and recycling at least some of the latter to the hot gas stream which is supplied to the pre-heating zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for bending/tempering glass sheets raised to their softening point with a view to their bending and tempering includes an upper plate mold and a lower annular mold on which the glass sheets are deformed, and with respect to which the edge of glass sheets move as a result of their deformation, particularly by horizontal pressing between the upper bending mold and the lower mold. The bent sheets are thermally tempered in air on the same annular mold in a tempering station. This annular mold is designed in such a way that its contact surface with the glass sheets at the start of their deformation on the mold, being located on the outer periphery of the mold, is appropriate for the mark-free displacement of the glass on the mold and in particular for pressing, and so that at the end of displacement, and in particular at the end of pressing, the contact surface located on the inner periphery of said mold is appropriate for tempering.

Abstract: A method of producing a glass blank, comprising the steps of: supplying a desired weight of molten glass material to a bearer heated to a temperature of not more than a softening point of the glass material; performing and cancelling, at a temperature of not less than the softening point, pressing of the glass material supplied to the bearer so as to adjust a thickness of the glass material; and cooling the glass material to a temperature of not more than the softening point.

Abstract: A traveling vacuum pickup engages heat softened glass sheets in a transfer station and transfers them to one of two shaping stations positioned along opposing sides of a transfer station. After depositing the sheet within one of the shaping stations, the pickup return to the transfer station to receive the next heat softened sheet. The shaping stations may include pressing arrangements that shape successive sheets to different configurations. The vacuum pickup may include two sheet engaging surfaces positioned relative to each other such that as one engaging surface engages a glass sheet and transfers it to one of the shaping stations, the other engaging surface is being positioned within the transfer station to receive the next glass sheet.

Abstract: A method of controlling operation of a nonrecovery coke oven battery including a plurality of elongated coke ovens constructed in side-by-side relation with each oven having a separate system of sole flues beneath each end connected to the crown of the oven by measuring the temperature in the oven and regulating the draft to the oven in response to the measured oven temperature and by measuring the temperature in the sole flue systems beneath each oven and adjusting the draft to one of the sole flue systems only in response to differences in temperature in the two sole flue systems.

Abstract: A spout bowl assembly having a non-rotating spout tube and a spout bowl defining a spiral volume about the tube for establishing uniform radial velocity of molten glass through the throat between the horizontal bottom surface of the tube and the horizontal portion of the bottom wall of the spout bowl.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for heating a carbonization drum is especially used for heating a carbonization drum for a low-temperature-carbonization combustion process. Heating gas heated in a heat exchanger is guided in a heating gas loop from the heat exchanger through the carbonization drum. A heat sink is provided for cooling the heating gas. In order to control an energy supply to the carbonization drum, the heating gas is guided back again at least partially and in a controlled fashion through a bypass line, in which the heat sink is disposed, to the heat exchanger, while bypassing the carbonization drum. The heating gas can also be delivered partially and in a controlled fashion through the heat sink to the carbonization drum. A distribution of the heating gas into a maximum of three paths is ensured by a configuration of lines and control devices.

Abstract: A heated sheet of glass discharged from a heating furnace is lifted by a ring mold until it is held against a fully continuous lower molding surface of a bent shape of an upper mold. After the sheet of glass is held against the lower molding surface by the ring mold, a vacuum is developed in the upper mold to attract the sheet of glass to the lower molding surface through suction holes defined in the lower molding surface. Thereafter, the ring mold is lowered away from the upper mold to allow the sheet of glass to be bent by the lower molding surface while the sheet of glass is being attracted thereto only under the vacuum developed in the upper mold. The sheet of glass is continuously attracted under the vacuum to the lower molding surface until the sheet of glass is annealed.

Abstract: An outline is cut in a glass sheet to form an inner zone and an outer marginal zone. The glass sheet is positioned on a support which supports the inner zone and marginal zone from below. A carrier is arranged such that suction pads thereof adhere to the inner zone, and such that a beveled bottom surface of a mechanical removing device carried by the carriage contacts an outer edge of the marginal zone. When the carriage is raised, the suction pads move up relative to the mechanical removing device. The inner zone is raised, but the outer edge of the marginal zone is restrained against upward movement by the mechanical removing device so that the marginal zone breaks along the outline.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for bending and tempering a glass sheet. A glass sheet is supported by one and the same ring mould (3) throughout all its working operations. Following the preheating of a glass sheet from a temperature of about 500.degree. C., its heating to a final bending and tempering temperature is effected at a high output and rate of speed. For example, on 4 mm thick glass, this final heating is performed within a period of time of 15-25 s. Therefore, the temperature of bending station is 800.degree.-1000.degree. C. Since rapidly heating glass bends quickly, the bending flexure or temperature of glass is monitored and the glass is advanced to tempering as soon as a predetermined bending flexure or temperature is reached.

Abstract: A cooling system for a glassware forming machine in which air is delivered to each of two plenums for upward flow of air through vertical passages in mold members on the plenums from an air outlet in the base of the machine via a tubular air dust having its lower end axially slidable in a part-spherical knuckle mounted for universal movement in an annular bearing in the air outlet having an internal part-spherical surface, and its upper end externally formed with a part-spherical formation mounted for universal movement in a part-spherical annular bearing at the bottom of the plenum.