Abstract: A method and portable apparatus is described for the conversion of cellulose and other blomass waste materials through a pyrolysis and partial combustion sequence in a downdraft gasifier to produce a gas which can be immediately utilized to fuel an internal combustion engine in a generator set (genset). More specifically, the heat from the combustion of part of the cellulosic or other waste input is used to pyrolyze the remainder of the input to produce a mixture of permanent fuel gases. Particulates are removed (water scrubbers, filters) from the gas mixture which can then be used directly as a major part of the fuel to operate the internal combustion engine in the genset. All movement into, through, and out of the gasifier and purification train is controlled by the vacuum associated with the intake of the internal combustion engine, thereby ensuring a steady production of electricity.

Abstract: A sorbent conditioning and direct feed apparatus is provided for direct feeding of a conditioned solid sorbent to a combustor 12. The sorbent conditioning and direct feed apparatus includes raw solid sorbent storages means 102, particle size reducing means 112 for reducing the particle size of solid sorbent supplied thereto from a relatively larger coarse particle size to a relatively smaller fine particle size, metering means 108 for metering the supply of raw solid sorbent from the raw solid sorbent storage means to the particle size reducing means 112, and transport means 118 for transporting solid sorbent which has been conditioned by the particle size reducing means 112 to the combustor 12, whereby conditioned solid sorbent is fed to the combustor 12 without any intermediate storage of the solid sorbent between the raw solid sorbent storage means 102 and the transport means 118.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for completely destroying documents having been shredded by document shredders, wherein the system comprises: collecting means for shredded documents, burning means being arranged together with collecting means, and the burning means having a burning chamber for burning the shredded documents. The burning chamber has an outlet with a filter unit and an air exhaust for remains of shredded documents that have been burnt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing agglomeration, sintering and deposit formation resulting from the gasification or combustion of a solid carbonaceous fuel material comprising a combustible portion and a non combustible inorganic portion, which non combustible inorganic portion comprises 4 to 50 parts by weight of Kw+Naw, and 0 to 40 parts by weight of Siw, wherein Kw is potassium, Naw is sodium, and Siw is silicon, all calculated in parts by weight of the elements per 100 parts by weight of the inorganic portion, and optionally also chloride, phosphorus, calcium and sulphur which method is characterised in adding to the fuel before or during the gasification or combustion, Padded parts by weight of phosphorus compound calculated as P wherein the amount Padded is calculated in accordance with the formula I Padded=q1×(31/39 Kw+31/23 Naw−Pw−31/35,4 Clw)  (I) wherein q1=0.

Abstract: A method for reducing NOx and/or CO/CO2 emissions from the combustion of coal products or hydrocarbons. One or more curtains of particulate elemental iron, in the form of flakes or the like, are fanned across the combustion chamber and/or the exiting flue gas stream while it is still at high temperature. Moreover, in a coal-fired furnace or boiler, particulate magnetite can be injected e.g. into a region just above the coal which will effectively sequester Hg and heavy metals at a location below a “rag layer” combustion zone in the vicinity of which iron is injected. Suitable particulate elemental iron can be expediently provided at the site by using a grinding wheel or the like to create thin flakes of elemental iron from a wire or rod. Some iron may also adsorb mercury via “red iron” formation and be removed along with solid oxides, iron carbide and siderite via the ash chute of a boiler.

Abstract: Method of controlling the temperatures of an exothermic process carried out in a suspension of solids in a reactor system formed by a wind box (2), a vertical riser (5), which is essentially not cooled, a particle separator (6), at least one set of recycling channels (9), which are not cooled, and at least one cooled set of recycling channels (12). According to the invention, the flow of solids travelling through the recycling channel (9), which is no cooled, as adjusted based on the temperature difference (T2−T1) between the upper and lower parts of a riser (5), which is not cooled, and the flow of solids travelling through the heat exchanger (12) is adjusted based on the temperature (T1) of the lower part or the temperature (T2) of the upper part of the riser tube. The control of the riser temperature is thus exclusively based on the regenerative heat transfer of the solids returned from the heat exchangers.

Abstract: A wall segment is for a combustion area to which a hot fluid can be applied. The wall segment includes a metallic supporting structure, with a heat protection element mounted on it. The metallic supporting structure is provided at least in places with a thin and/or metallic, heat-resistant separating layer. The separating layer is fitted between the metallic supporting structure and the heat protection element.

Abstract: The electrical hair treatment appliance (1) includes an electrically controlled hair treatment device, preferably including infrared emitter elements (20), and an operator control panel (2) rigidily attached to the hair treatment device. The operator control panel (2) includes a receptacle (5) rigidly attached to the hair treatment device, an operator control and display device (3) mounted in the receptacle (5) so as to rotate in the receptacle and an electrical connection (6) for electrically connecting between the operator control and display device (3) and the receptacle (5). The rotatable operator control and display device (3) preferably includes buttons for setting and adjusting operating parameters of the hair treatment device and has a circular face (4). The electrical connection (6) may include a flat cable (7), such as a stranded flat cable or a flexible electrical conductor track foil.

Abstract: The invention provides a device for freshening fabrics in a tumble dryer during multiple tumble drying cycles. The device comprises: a reservoir for storing a fabric freshening composition, holes or opening in the reservoir to expose fabric freshening composition from the reservoir to airflow generated inside the tumble drier thereby transferring a portion of the fabric freshening component into contact the fabric freshening composition and transfer a portion thereof into contact with fabrics in the tumble dryer during a tumble drying cycle; suction, adhesive, hook, or claw fastener for attaching the device to the inside of the tumble dryer door; and optionally the contents of the reservoir are visible to the user for indicating to a user when the fabric freshening composition is used up.

Abstract: This invention discloses the synergistic integration of solid fuel combustion, low NOx control technologies (such as Low NOx Burners, reburning and Advanced Reburning) with partial in-duct gasification of coal or other solid fuels. For partial gasification, the solid fuel can be transported and injected by recycled flue gas stream at 600-800° F. in the reburning zone or in the upper section of the main combustion zone of a boiler. This allows the fuel to be preheated and partially pyrolyzed and gasified in the duct and then injected into the boiler as a mixture of coal, gaseous products, and char. Gasification increases coal reactivity and results in lower carbon-in-ash levels. As an option, the gaseous and solid products can be split using a cyclone separator. Splitting the gasified fuel stream will allow the volatile matter to be used for reburning and the fixed carbon to be injected into the high-temperature main combustion zone.

Abstract: A combined fluidized bed dryer and absorption bed allows an absorbant to be dried to remove any moisture therefrom immediately followed by treating a product material with the dried absorbant, all in the same vessel, such that the absorbant is at its optimum dryness prior to treating the product material therewith The invention has particular application in the ophthalmic lens production where the absorbant is alumina and is used to remove methacrylic acid from liquid monomer prior to using the monomer in producing lenses.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of creating a high combustion rate in a combustor used to burn combustible matter. The combustor comprising a cylindrical combustion chamber extending vertically with at least one side loading bin for loading combustible matter into the combustion chamber while combustion is ongoing. The combustor creates a high combustion rate by inducing an acoustic excitation and an ascending vortex in hot gases that is reflected by a conical surface, converting the ascending vortex to a descending vortex. The shear between the ascending and descending vortices increases mixing. The descending vortex acts to separate the small, fully-combusted particles from larger particles that are thrown by centrifugal force back into the combustion zone.

Abstract: An incinerator includes a furnace with a supporting plate that defines a combustion chamber thereabove and an ash receiving chamber therebelow in the furnace. An ash control unit includes a partitioning member that divides the ash receiving chamber into upper and lower ash chambers and that defines a vertically extending ash channel communicated with the upper and lower ash chambers. A rake is disposed over the partitioning member for stirring and permitting uniform distribution of the high temperature ash on the partitioning member and for moving the high temperature ash into the ash channel. A rotary member is disposed rotatably in the ash channel and is formed with a plurality of angularly spaced apart fins which carry the high temperature ash falling from the upper ash chamber to the lower ash chamber.

Abstract: The invention produces equipment for drying bales of forage comprising: at least one unit for generating hot air (30) channeled onto at least one pair of treatment units (A, B) stack one over the other, each having a rectangular bottom chamber (2, 5) and top chamber (4, 6), kept apart by spacing devices (40, 41; 60, 61; 103, 104) supporting the top chamber above the bottom chamber, and where one or more telescopic columns (A1, A2, A3; B1, B2, B3) set between the bottom chamber and the top chamber transfer the hot air from the bottom chamber to the top one. The bales are set in each treatment unit between the bottom chamber (2, 5) and the top chamber (4, 6) stacked in two layers so that they can be dried by the countercurrent flow of hot air. One or more of the telescopic columns (A3; A1, A2) is provided with shutoff dampers (20; 101, 102) suited to opening/closing the air flow from the bottom treatment unit (A) to the top treatment unit (B).

Abstract: A new method and apparatus is provided for the cleaning and drying of a wafer. An IPA vapor is created using an ultrasonic nebulizer that can be operated at a relatively low temperature. The water and the IPA that is used by the cleaning and drying process will be heated and evaporated using energy supplied by a microwave source of energy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for disposing of hazardous or high-energy materials, in which the latter are caused to undergo a reaction in a pressure-proof housing under controlled conditions, the end products of which reaction are non-hazardous, as well as an apparatus for disposing of hazardous or high-energy materials with a pressure-proof housing in which the materials may be caused to undergo a reaction under controlled conditions, the end products of which reaction are non-hazardous.

Abstract: An insulator substrate or printed circuit board (PCB) having a filled and plated via. A sidewall of the via and preferably opposite sides of the insulator substrate are first plated with a conductive material. The plated via is then filled with an electrically conductive fill composition. A conductive cap layer is preferably formed over both ends of the conductive fill composition and the opposite surfaces of the insulator substrate, and can be bonded to a surface mount contact as a land or a pad.

Abstract: A highly moisture-sensitive element and method of making such element includes an encapsulation enclosure encapsulating all of the highly moisture-sensitive electronic devices on a substrate and a sealing material positioned between the substrate and the encapsulation enclosure to form a complete seal between the substrate and the encapsulation enclosure around each highly moisture-sensitive electronic device or around groups of highly moisture-sensitive electronic devices, wherein the substrate or encapsulation enclosure, or both, contain vent holes and vent hole seal material or wherein the seal material contains gaps prior to spacing the substrate and the encapsulation enclosure within a predetermined range and the gaps are filled in by spreading the sealing material.

Abstract: A furnace blower housing has a two-piece exhaust transition, one piece of which is an integral extension of the blower housing, that transitions a rectangular cross section outlet of the blower housing to a circular cross section outlet of the exhaust transition that is adapted to be attached to a circular exhaust pipe.

Abstract: An automatic coal stoker is provided with internal means to increase the sensible heal outflow from the operating stoker, which means comprises a modified stoker housing that provides a first combustion chamber and an abutting second chamber for induced air heat exchange with the hot combustion gases. A tubular means is disposed in the second chamber which intakes the combustion gases to be vented and extracts much of their sensible heat, and then directs by forced convection, the heated air useful to the stoker environment, while venting the spent combustion gases to the standard flue means.