Abstract: An object is to provide a cell growth inhibitor also effective for androgen-independent prostate cancer. The present invention provides a cell growth inhibitor having, as an active ingredient, an expression inhibitor or function inhibitor of an antisense RNA (CTBP1-AS) expressed in the vicinity of an androgen receptor (AR) binding site of a C-terminal binding protein (CTBP1) gene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to non-invasive methods for treating diseases, disorders and injury to the central nervous system (CNS), and in particular to otic compositions and to methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Provided are an aptamer having an inhibitory activity on FGF2; a complex containing an aptamer having a binding activity or an inhibitory activity on FGF2, and a functional substance (e.g., affinity substance, labeling substance, enzyme, drug delivery vehicle, or drug and the like); a medicament, diagnostic reagent or label containing an aptamer having a binding activity or an inhibitory activity on FGF2, or a complex containing said aptamer and a functional substance; and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compositions and therapeutic methods for the treatment of cancer, in particular malignant glioma. The compositions include antisense oligonucleotides or RNAs or vectors encoding them which reduce expression of downregulated in renal cell carcinoma (DRR) in tumor cells, and inhibit malignant glioma cell invasion.

Abstract: The present invention concerns Sipa1l1, a new target involved in adipogenesis modulation. Using a siRNA approach, the inventors demonstrated that decrease in Sipa1l1 activity in preadipocytes and adipose tissue induces a decrease in adipogenesis. Thus, the present invention relates to modulators of Sipa1l1 activity as well as screening test for identification of modulators of the activity of this target, and their use, especially in pharmaceutical composition, to modulate adipogenesis and thus treat obesity and related disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apoptosis specific eucaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A), referred to as apoptosis-specific eIF-5A or eIF5A1, nucleic acids and polypeptides and methods for inhibiting or suppressing apoptosis in cells using antisense nucleotides or siRNAs to inhibit expression of apoptosis-specific eIF-5A. The invention also relates to suppressing or inhibiting expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines or inhibiting activation of NFkB by inhibiting expression of apoptosis-specific eIF-5A.

Abstract: Inhibitors that can inhibit expression of FAM3B gene to reduce the levels of expression products, or can combine the expression products to reduce the activity of promoting lipid synthesis of FAM3B gene product are provided, wherein the inhibitors are one or more inhibitors selected from the group consisting of small interfering RNAs, antisense oligonucleotides, antibodies against FAM3B proteins and active organic compounds. Cells, vectors or inhibitor compositions, comprising such inhibitors, methods for inhibiting expression of FAM3B gene or inhibiting the activity of promoting lipid synthesis of FAM3B gene product using the inhibitors are provided. Methods for treating diseases mediated by expression of FAM3B gene using such inhibitors and uses of the inhibitors in preparing pharmaceuticals for preventing and/or treating the disease mediated by FAM3B gene expression are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an siRNA inhibiting expression of the OTUB1 protein and a composition for preventing or treating cancer containing same as an active ingredient. In accordance with the present invention, cancer cell growth can be remarkably inhibited by inhibiting OTUB1 expression using the siRNA of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention discloses multiple treatment regimens for vascular-related diseases and disorders. The present invention provides for methods of treating vascular-related disorders based on gene expression studies from samples collected from individuals having symptoms of vascular-related disorders. Additionally, methods are disclosed involving diagnostic techniques to focus treatment regimens. Finally, methods of treating vascular-related disorder involving targeting microRNAs are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to specific and markedly improved pre-mRNA trans-splicing molecule (RTM) molecules which are designed to correct specific genes expressed within cells to be targeted, and which are associated with epidermolysis bullosa, cystic fibrosis, pachyonychia congenital, and psoriasis or neurodermitis, as well as cancers of the skin. In particular, the RTMs of the present invention are genetically engineered to interact with a specific target pre-mRNA expressed in cells to be targeted so as to result in correction of genetic defects or reprogramming of gene expression responsible for a variety of different skin disorders.

Abstract: The present invention is based on two important experimental observations: The first observation is that increased extracellular concentrations of ionized calcium are found in erosive arthritis and stimulate monocytic IL-1? release via the CaSR and GPRC6A. Simultaneous stimulation of monocytes with calcium ions and selected TLR ligands results in a 20-fold increased IL1? response compared to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone. During the crosstalk between GPCR and TLR signaling, phospholipase C is activated, which triggers calcium dependent potassium channels, resulting in potassium efflux, caspase-1 activation and IL-1? release. The amplification of IL1? secretion at sites of locally increased calcium ion concentrations aggravates rheumatoid arthritis. The second important observation is that both CaSR and GPRC6A, are highly expressed in the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but expression of GPRC6A, but not of CaSR, is lower in patients with osteoarthritis (s. FIG. 1).

Abstract: Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference therapy targeting hypoxia inducible factor—lot (HIF-1 ?) prolyl-4-hydroxylase protein (HIF-PHD2) is used for treatment of myocardial ischemia. This treatment can be followed noninvasively by molecular imaging. Provided are compositions comprising novel vectors encoding shRNA targeting the HIF-1? and asparaginyl hydroxylase genes. The vectors encoding shRNA are also useful for the treatment of cardiac diseases, peripheral vascular diseases and decubitis ulcers.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for determining whether a subject is suffering from a rheumatoid arthritis associated with the BRAF oncogene comprising contacting isolated fibroblasts from the subject with a molecule or pool of molecules directed to the BRAF oncogene; and culturing the sample in the presence of the agent and determining whether BRAF oncogene expression by the cell is decreased and/or whether cells in the sample return to a less transformed phenotype, exhibit decreased cell proliferation and/or exhibit increased contact inhibition, any of which is indicative that the subject is suffering from a rheumatoid arthritis associated with the BRAF oncogene.

Abstract: Methods of reducing spontaneous mutation rate of a cell in a subject in need thereof by reducing endogenous levels of miR-155 are described.

Abstract: Specific DNA sequences for binding various clinically relevant analytes from the human body are described. Each of these sequences or their linear, two- and three-dimensional linked sequences can function in varying assay and sensor formats with varying degrees of success. Linkage of the whole or partial DNA sequences (putative binding sites) can be used to enhance specificity and affinity towards complex targets, thereby improving assay selectivity and sensitivity in many instances. In addition, a FRET-based quantitative method is described for normalizing analyte data by assessing urine creatinine and urea levels. Finally, a method is described for removing creatinine or urea by size-exclusion chromatography prior to a FRET-based aptamer assay to avoid the denaturing effects of these compounds.

Abstract: Inflammatory diseases in the CNS can be treated or alleviated by the administration of an oligonucleotide in an amount sufficient to reduce the influx of mononuclear cells to the central nervous system by down-regulating the expression of at least one cell surface marker. For example multiple sclerosis can be treated or at least alleviated, by the administration of an oligonucleotide in a dose effective to inhibit or reduce the influx of mononuclear and/or autoaggressive cells to the central nervous system. The oligonucleotide can be used alone, or in combination with other treatment strategies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to anti-sense oligonucleotides (AONs) used to induce exon 9 skipping in IL-23R? gene. Exon 9 skipping of the IL23R? gene ultimately causes specific induction of a novel soluble truncated IL-23R? (?9) protein, characterized by a lack in a transmembrane domain and has a unique eight (8) amino acids (GLKEGSYC) at its C-terminus end as a result of frame-shift. The present invention provides a utility application of the use of AONs to induce production of a ?9 protein which inhibits IL-23R-mediated cell signaling. More particularly, ?9 protein blocks STAT3 formation as well as Th17 maturation. There is provided a therapeutic application of AONs in treating a mammal such as a human patient inflicted with Crohn's disease.

Abstract: A novel marker for diagnosis of liver cancer and use thereof are provided. To be specific, a marker for diagnosis of liver cancer using over-expression of NLK (neuro-like kinase) in liver cancer cell is provided, along with a composition for diagnosis of liver cancer, a kit, a microarray, and a method for diagnosing liver cancer using the marker. Additionally, a method for screening a substance to prevent or treat liver cancer by decreasing expression of the marker gene or protein, and a composition for preventing or treating liver cancer including such substance are provided. Accordingly, the NLK gene can be efficiently used as a target for diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for expressing a gene in a cell. The method includes introducing into a cell an agent that inhibits one or both of miRNA pathway and antiviral defense pathway; and a baculovirus that contains a nucleic acid molecule including a gene operably linked to a promoter; and expressing the gene in the cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to the field of nucleic acids and, more particularly, to aptamers capable of binding to ?-NGF; pharmaceutical compositions comprising such ?-NGF aptamers; and methods of making and using the same.