Abstract: The present invention provides polyanionic, substituted CDs having cellular growth modulating activity. The invention further provides CDs having anionic groups on one side of the CD molecule. Therapeutic methods for using, as well as methods of making the CD compounds of the invention, are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of producing synthetic GM2s. The methods are simple and efficient, and result in high yields of GM2s.

Abstract: Methods are provided to replace the ether oxygen linkage of oligosaccharides with a peptide link, --NHC(O)--, where the nitrogen atom is linked to the anomeric carbon atom of the sugar. A new family of building blocks for combinational synthesis, peptidodisaccharides, is provided containing the peptide linkage. Synthesis is more facile than with the oxygen-linked carbohydrates; the resulting compounds are expected to be more stable to enzymatic and chemical hydrolysis and to be amenable to automated synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cosmetic and/or dermatological composition comprising at least one sophorolipid in its crude or acid form or associated with a monovalent or divalent salt. The concentrations of the sophorolipid can be 0.01% to 30% by weight. In particular, the composition is in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion, and oil-in-water emulsion or an oil-in-water microemulsion. The sophorolipid-based compositions of the invention have a free radical formation inhibiting activity, an elastase inhibiting activity, or an anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards compositions and methods for reducing or controlling inflammation and for treating inflammatory disease processes and other pathological conditions mediated by intercellular adhesion. The compositions of the invention include compounds that selectively bind selectin receptors, the selectin binding activity being mediated by a carbohydrate moiety. The selectin-binding moieties of the invention are derivatives of a sialylated, fucosylated N-acetyllactosamine unit of the Lewis X antigen. Compounds containing a selectin-binding moiety in both monovalent and multivalent forms are included in the invention. The compounds of the invention are provided as pharmaceutical compositions which include, for example, liposomes that carry selectin-binding moieties of the invention. The invention further includes immunoglobulins capable of selectively binding an oligosaccharide ligand that is recognized by a selectin receptor.

Abstract: A method for treating and/or inhibiting gastric and duodenal ulcers, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligosaccharide of Formula I(NeuAc-.alpha.(2-3)-pGal-.beta.(1)--(--X--).sub.m --(--Y--).sub.n --).sub.p --ZwhereinX=a chemical bond or a group capable of linking the p galactose to either the linking group Y or the multivalent support Z;wherein the C.sub.1 glycosidic oxygen of galactose may be replaced by N, S or C;Y=a linking group;Z=a multivalent support;m=0 or 1;n=0 or 1; andp=an integer of 2-1,000 is described. Also described is a method for treating and/or inhibiting gastric and duodenal ulcers, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligosaccharide of Formula IINeuAc-.alpha.(214 3)-pGal-.beta.(1)-AwhereinA=a group capable of bonding to the p galactose;wherein the C.sub.1 glycosidic oxygen of galactose may be replaced by N, S or C.

Abstract: Compounds that are synthetically inexpensive to make relative to the naturally occurring selectin ligands and that retain selectin binding activity are described that have a three-dimensionally stable configuration for sialic acid and fucose, or analogs or derivatives of these groups, such that sialic acid and fucose are separated by a non-carbohydrate linker that permits binding between those groups and the selectins, such compounds being represented by the following general structure formula I(a): ##STR1## wherein m and n are independently an integer of from 1 to 5, Y and Z are independently a connecting moiety selected from the group consisting of --CH.sub.

Abstract: Chitosan-derived biomaterials, and, more specifically, chitosan modified by the addition of a monosaccharide or oligosaccharide side chain to its free amino groups. The modified chitosan ("glycated chitosan") is preferably stabilized by reduction. In one particularly preferred embodiment, a galactose derivative of chitosan ("galacto-chitosan") is provided. The chitosan-derived biomaterials are useful in a myriad of biomedical applications, including as an immunoadjuvant in laser/sensitizer assisted immunotherapy.

Abstract: There is provided a novel series of malonate derivatives of glycolipid compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an acyl residue of a fatty acid:R.sup.1 is --(CH.dbd.CH).sub.m --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.3 ;R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each are independently hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted (lower)alkanoyl, arylalkyl or arylcarbonyl wherein said substituent is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy and C.sub.1-4 alkoxy provided that one of R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.6 substituents is --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --CH(CO.sub.2 R.sup.7).sub.2 ;m is an integer of 0 or 1;n is an integer of from 5 to 14 inclusive;p is an integer of from 2 to 6 inclusive; andR.sup.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for inactivating thrombin bound to fibrin within a thrombus or clot, whereby the ability of clot-bound thrombin to catalytically promote further clot accretion is substantially diminished or eliminated. The compositions and methods of the present invention are particularly useful for preventing thrombosis in the circuit of cardiac bypass apparatus and in patients undergoing renal dialysis, and for treating patients suffering from or at risk of suffering from thrombus-related cardiovascular conditions, such as unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction (heart attack), cerebrovascular accidents (stroke), pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-cyanomethylated chitosans of formula (1) and to the hydrolysates thereof of formula (2), as well as to processes for the preparation of these compounds. The cyanomethylated chitosans, in particular the hydrolysates corresponding to formula (2), find versatile utility as separating membranes, complexing agents, encrustation inhibitors, stabilisers for bleaching liquors, moisture retainers in cosmetic compositions, thickeners and repellents.

Abstract: A novel class of highly sulfated maltooligosaccharide having heparin-like activity is described, as well as methods for using these oligosaccharides to treat certain diseases including cancer, and retinopathies.

Abstract: Chitosan is formulated with nicotinic acid and may additionally contain one or more other vitamin acids, such as ascorbic acid, folic acid, pantothenic acid, or biotin, for oral administration to enhance cholesterol reduction and high-density lipoprotein elevation in blood serum. In addition, such formulations reduce the pH of large intestine which is beneficial in colon etiology. The formulation may be in dosage unit form for daily administration of, for example, 2-18 g of chitosan and 50-3,000 mg of nicotinic acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds prepared by linking glycosaminoglycan to phospholipid or lipid, which are expected to exert a pharmacological effect for inhibiting metastasis because of their excellent function to inhibit adhesion of cancer cells to blood vessel endothelial cells and extracellular matrix. This phospholipid- or lipid-linked glycosaminoglycan can be produced for example by: cleaving and oxidizing reducing terminal group of glycosaminoglycan, and allowing an aldehyde group or a lactone compound of the thus-formed derivative or a carboxyl group in the glycosaminoglycan chain to react with a primary amino group of a phospholipid; or linking a glycosaminoglycan derivative to a phospholipid or a lipid by allowing a primary amino group of the derivative to react with a carboxyl group of the phospholipid or lipid. This phospholipid- or lipid-linked glycosaminoglycan is useful as a metastasis inhibitor because it has no toxicity.

Abstract: A method and a pharmaceutical composition for non-topical wound, scar and keloid treatment is described which contains cross-linked glycosaminoglycans and conventional pharmaceutical auxiliary and/or carrier substances. The pharmaceutical composition is preferably administered intralesionally e.g. by injection in the form of a gel containing water. The cross-linked glycosaminoglycans are also suitable for use as cosmetics and skin care products.

Abstract: The invention relates to new mixtures of sulfated oligosaccharides having the general structure of heparin constitutive oligosaccharides, having an average molecular mass of 6.+-.0.6 kD, a polydispersiveness close to 1 and the capacity of inhibiting the production of thrombin. The invention also relates to their preparation and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: A sulfated acid amide having heparin-like properties of the formula:(R.sub.1)--NH--R--NH--(R.sub.1)where R.sub.1 is a di-, tri- or tetra-saccharide acid selected from cellobiose, cellotriose, cellotetrose, maltose, maltotriose and maltotetrose or mixtures thereof, and R is an alkylene of from 3 to 12 carbons, and is optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyls.

Abstract: A process in which .alpha.-, .beta.- and/or .gamma.-cyclodextrin are reacted in a suitable base, with a suitable O-alkylating agent and, where appropriate, following neutralization of the reaction mixture, the resulting alkylated cyclodextrin derivatives are subsequently separated, out of the reaction mixture, wherein .alpha.-, .beta.- and/or .gamma.-cyclodextrin are initially dissolved in a portion of the base and the O-alkylation agent and further base are added subsequently.

Abstract: The invention relates to new mixtures of sulfated oligosaccharides having the general structure of heparin constitutive oligosaccharides, having an average molecular mass of 6.+-.0.6 kD, a polydispersiveness close to 1 and the capacity of inhibiting the production of thrombin. The invention also relates to their preparation and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: Oligosaccharides obtainable from heparin including heparinic constituents of molecular weights ranging from 2000 to 50,000. Said fractions have a Yin-Wessler titer and a USP titer in a ratio of at least 30. They consist of chains constituted by no more than 8 saccharidic moities. They possess a strong antithrombotic activity and are then useful as antithrombotic drugs.