Abstract: An analog of sialic Lewis antigen prepared from native capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella 63 bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to analogues of sialyl Le.sup.x that inhibit cellular adhesion between a selectin and cells that express sialyl Le.sup.x on their surfaces, as well as methods and compositions using the same, intermediates and methods for the preparation of the cellular adhesion inhibitor compounds and their intermediates.

Abstract: This invention relates to mixtures of sulfated oligosaccharides which possess antithrombotic properties and are useful for the treatment and prevention of venous and arterial thrombosis, prevention of arterial thrombotic accidents, and in the prevention of thrombosis in surgical equipment, to pharmaceutical compositions including such mixtures, to processes for preparing such mixtures, and to the use of such mixtures in the prevention of thrombosis in surgical equipment.

Abstract: Disclosed are derivatives of gangliosides and of N-acyl-N-lyso-gangliosides, of N'-acyl-N'-lyso-gangliosides and N,N'-di- or poly-acyl-N,N'-di-lyso-gangliosides, in which at least one of the hydroxyl groups in the saccharide, sialic or ceramide residues is esterified with sulfuric acid, functional derivatives thereof, and their salts with either inorganic or organic bases and the acid addition salts, except persulfated derivatives at the hydroxyl, sialic and ceramide groups of the GM.sub.1, GD.sub.1a, GD.sub.1b and GT.sub.1b gangliosides. Such compounds have antineurotoxic and neurotogenic activity and may therefore be used in pharmaceutical preparations. Also a marked modulating effect on the expression of the CD.sub.4 molecule in immune system cells has been shown.

Abstract: An oligosaccharide having an affinity for fibroblast growth factor, which is composed of 8 to 18 monosaccharide residues, wherein a principal disaccharide unit comprising L-iduronic acid 2-sulfate and N-sulfo-D-glucosamine and a process for producing the oligosaccharide comprising digesting heparan sulfate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sphingoglycolipid represented by the following formula (I) which is effective at a small dose and has an anti-tumor activity and an immunostimulating effect with few side-effects: ##STR1## wherein X denotes an integer from 10 to 24, Y denotes an integer from 9 to 13,R.sub.1 represents a hexosyl, pentosyl, deoxyhexosyl, aminohexosyl, N-acetylaminohexosyl or a halide thereof or a sialic acid,R.sub.2 represents H or a group OR.sub.2 ', wherein R.sub.2 ' represents H or a galactosyl or glucosyl group,R.sub.3 represents H or a group OR.sub.3 ', wherein R.sub.3 ' represents H or a galactosyl or glucosyl group,R.sub.4 represents a galactosyl group or H,R.sub.5 represents a methyl or isopropyl group,R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 respectively represents H or form a double bond between the two carbon atoms to which R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are attached,except for the case where R.sub.1 represents .alpha.-galactosyl and R.sub.4 represents H.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel solid support matrices having a toxin-binding oligosaccharide covalently attached to a solid support through a linking arm which has at least 8 atoms separating the oligosaccharide from the solid support. The disclosed solid support matrices are useful for neutralizing toxins from disease-causing microrganisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides polyanionic, substituted CDs having cellular growth modulating-activity. The invention further provides CDs having anionic groups on one side of the CD molecule. Therapeutic methods for using, as well as methods of making the CD compounds of the invention, are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Anti-angiogenic protein composition can be prepared simply and efficiently by contacting cartilage particles containing the protein together with an electrolyte solution and an oligosaccharide bearing a minimum number of anionic substituents per sugar unit, to extract the anti-angiogenic protein from the cartilage particles and to form a complex of the oligosaccharide and the protein. The resultant anti-angiogenic complex can be used for therapeutic treatment of various angiogenic and related diseases.

Abstract: A method of preparing a composition containing a high amount of Ganglioside which comprises the steps of: (1) adding ethanol to a material containing Ganglioside so as to have a concentration of ethanol of 30 to 70 volume % and recovering the precipitated fraction containing Ganglioside; (2) adding ethanol to the recovered fraction containing Ganglioside so as to have a concentration of ethanol of 70 to 90 volume % and removing the precipitated proteins; and, (3) treating the fraction containing Ganglioside from which the proteins have been removed, with a membrane.

Abstract: A therapeutic food composition for treatment of diabetic patients to diminish fluctuations in blood sugar levels and prevent hypoglycemic episodes, comprising per unit about 20-50 grams of nutrients including slowly absorbed or digested complex carbohydrate, preferably uncooked cornstarch; more rapidly absorbed complex carbohydrate; protein; fat; and at least one sweetening agent, but less than about 3 grams of any simple sugar other than fructose. Fructose may be present in the composition in quantities greater than 3 grams per unit. Diabetic patients may be treated to diminish blood sugar fluctuations and prevent hypoglycemia via the administration of the novel food composition as an evening or pre-bedtime snack or during the daytime hours to patients receiving insulin therapy or engaging in activities that might provoke hypoglycemia.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a dietary regimen and a unique combination of nutritional supplements and a method. More specifically, this invention is directed to a unique combination of nutritional supplements which provides symptomatic relief from arthritis. The unique combination of nutritional supplements of this invention is believed to function by both increasing the available (effective blood level) of anti-inflammatory agents and promotion of the healing/regenerative process in the effected joints, thus producing unexpected and lasting symptomatic relief from the debilitating effects of both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of therapy applicable to pathologies that involve loss of integrity of tissue and organ membranes that lead to abnormal permeation of proteinic and other agents and their elimination or penetration of other anatomical functions. Such deficiencies are associated directly or indirectly, for example, with inflammatory diseases, with diabetes and others. The therapeutic method involves administering to the membrane in need of treatment a therapeutic amount of an oligosaccharide, preferably a cyclic oligosaccharide, having up to about 10 sugar units per molecule and having at least 1.4 anionic substituents per sugar unit. The anionic substituents are preferably the residues of strong acids.

Abstract: Compounds that possess selectin binding activity are described that have a three-dimensionally stable configuration for sialic acid and fucose, or analogs, derivatives, or mimics of these groups, such that sialic acid and fucose or their mimics are separated by a linker that permits binding between those groups and the selecting, such compounds being represented by the following general structural formula I: ##STR1##

Abstract: Sialyl Lewis X mimetics based on mannose glycosides are synthesized and shown to mimic the configuration and essential functional groups of sialyl Lewis X in space. The mannose based mimetics exhibit comparable biological activity as sialyl Lewis X in the E- selectin binding assay and can be employed for blocking neutrophil inflamatory conditions.

Abstract: A method is provided of preventing arterial restenosis of an animal after the arteries have been traumatized. The method comprises the administration of a therapeutically effective non-toxic amount of hyaluronic acid and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof to the animal to prevent narrowing of the arteries. The form of hyaluronic acid is selected from hyaluronic acid and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof having a molecular weight less than 750,000 daltons.

Abstract: A combination for administration to a mammal which combination employs a therapeutically effective amount of a medicinal and/or therapeutic agent to treat a disease or condition and an amount of hyaluronic acid and/or salts thereof and/or homologues, analogues, derivatives, complexes, esters, fragments and subunits of hyaluronic acid sufficient to facilitate the agent's penetration through the tissue (including scar tissue) at the site to be treated, through the cell membranes into the individual cells to be treated.

Abstract: Inhibitors of E-, P- and L-selectin binding are synthesized by an aldol addition reaction between a glycoside aldehyde precursor and dihydroxyacetone phosphate or a derivative thereof. The addition reaction is catalyzed by aldolase. The inhibitors exhibit an activity comparable to sialyl Lewis X with respect to the E-selectin binding assay and high activities in the P- and L-selectin binding assays. The inhibitors are employable for blocking neutrophil inflamatory conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to organosilicon compounds containing glycoside radicals, having units of the formula ##STR1## in which R is identical or different and represents a hydrogen atom or an organic radical,a is 0, 1, 2 or 3,b is 0, 1, 2 or 3 andR.sup.1 can be identical or different and represents a radical of the formulaZ--(R.sup.2 O).sub.c --R.sup.3 -- (II)in whichZ represents a glycoside radical which is built up from 1 to 10 monosaccharide units,R.sup.2 can be identical or different and represents an alkylene radical,c is 0 or a number from 1 to 20, andR.sup.3 represents an alkylene radical, with the proviso that the sum of a and b is less than or equal to 3 and the organosilicon compound comprising units of the formula (I) contains at least one radical R.sup.1 per molecule.

Abstract: A method of creating a unique deacetylated, depolymerized chitosan which may be employed to provide a time release chitosan-drug complex. The chitosan is deacetylated at least 60 percent and preferably at least 70 percent. It is preferred to employ a chitosan having a molecular weight of about 3.5 kDa to 250 kDa and preferably about 3.5 kDa to 75 kDa. The complex may be employed in various delivery systems including tablets, films, matrix supported drug delivery units or as coatings or films on implants. A method of making a drug delivering implant includes providing an implant, creating a complex of a depolymerized chitosan and a drug and establishing a layer of a chitosan drug complex on at least a portion of said implant. The chitosan-drug complex is preferably created through ionic bonding and may be a coating or a film self-adhered to a portion of an exterior surface of the implant. It is also preferred to deacetylate the chitosan prior to depolymerization.