Abstract: The switching device has a contact arm which is fixed on a shaft in the form of a thick-walled tube and is turnable between a closed position and an open position under the influence of a torsion rod spring. At one of its ends the spring is fixedly connected to the contact arm and at its other end to a percussion hammer. In the closed position the spring is arrested in tensioned condition by means of a latch. When releasing the latch for opening of the switching device, the spring energy is transformed to rotation energy in the hammer and is transferred to the shaft by impact against a projection on the shaft. In this way the contacts of the switching device immediately attain a great separation velocity.

Abstract: A method of recording the varying gray shades of a facsimile signal line by line with a thermal print head having a linear arrary of heating elements sorts out the individual pixels of a facsimile signal line according to their gray shade in a scale of 1 to 16, and to their line position, into a number of separate series of pixels, each series representing a different gray shade. The 16 different series are stored and read out of a memory in their separate series, and as the separate series are applied to a thermal print head the marking energy is varied 16 times from series to series corresponding to the gray scale of the original signal. Thus 16 successive series of pixels are marked on the same line of a thermosensitive paper to reproduce all the gray shades.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for the manufacture of a heating unit comprising an insulating body having a front and a back side, one or several heating conductors arranged on the front part of the insulating body, and contact and fastening elements. The heating conductors are connected to the insulating body by means of the contact or fastening elements. To manufacture single- and double-faced heating units in a common process, it is proposed that in a first operating sequence the contact or fastening elements are rigidly fixed together with the insulating body by means of anchoring arrangements and that in a second sequence the one or several heating conductors are contacted with the contact or fastening elements.

Abstract: There are arranged at a magnetic trigger for a selectively operative switch, a plunger-type armature, a pivotable armature and a tripping device. A plunger of the plunger-type armature acts directly upon a movable contact of a pair of contacts and the plunger-type armature is actuated using a magnetic coil or winding when the current flowing through the magnetic coil at least corresponds to a predetermined threshold current for opening the contacts. A pivotable armature is actuated by the plunger-type armature and redirects the magnetic return flux. The tripping device acts upon a switch lock mechanism and is switched into or out of the magnetic return flux by the plunger-type armature. The degree of overlap between pole shoes of the pivotable armature and of the tripping device is preselectable by an adjusting screw. There is thus realized a current-dependent, selective tripping of the switch lock mechanism.

Abstract: A magnetic trip unit for molded case circuit breakers includes a pair of U-shaped magnets opposedly arranged around a part of the circuit breaker load strap and the armature strap. Circuit current in excess of a threshold value displaces the armature strap, causing it to articulate the circuit breaker operating mechanism to interrupt the circuit current.

Abstract: A heating unit includes two tubular tungsten-halogen lamps, each having a tungsten filament. The lamps are supported within a ring of ceramic fibre material and the unit is preferably mounted beneath an infra-red-transmissive cooktop to define a hotplate area of a cooking hob. A control circuit provides a range of discrete power outputs of the lamps, each power output corresponding to a power control setting set by a user of the cooking hob. The circuit includes a phase control circuit for switching power to the lamps at a predetermined phase angle to achieve one or more of the lower power outputs.

Abstract: A set of magnetically responsive vanes are secured for rotation about their mass center of gravity in a given angular spacing. The vanes have corresponding magnetic field producing coils which are in a different angular spacing such that one coil and vane is aligned and a second coil and vane are misaligned. An electrical switch is coupled to the vanes for operation in response to rotation of the vanes. A current applied to one coil aligns its vane thereto and closes the switch. The closed switch applies a load current to a second coil whose vane is misaligned. When an overcurrent occurs, the corresponding resulting field aligns its vane and opens the switch. An off current applied to a coil can align a corresponding vane to also open the switch. The switch and actuator are dynamically balanced so that moments produced by shock and vibration do not operate the actuator vanes or switch.

Abstract: An electronically driven trip actuator for multipole industrial rated molded case circuit breakers is installed within a common housing with the circuit breaker operating mechanism. The trip actuator consists of a mechanical actuator cooperatively connected with a magnetic latch. The magentic latch arrangement holds the trip actuator against an actuating spring bias. Upon receiving an appropriate signal response, the magnetic latch releases, allowing the mechanical actuator to move into contact with the circuit breaker latch under the influence of the actuator spring. The arrangement of the mechanical actuator and actuator spring provides a low latching force to the magnetic latch, while providing a large trip force to the circuit breaker latch.

Abstract: A remote control system circuit breaker which latches a trip link and a latch link by the spring force of return springs so that on- or off-hold of a movable contactor supported from the latch link depends upon a holding force of an operating electromagnet pivotally connected to a handle, thereby achieving miniaturization of the electromagnet, in turn the circuit breaker, and a saving of power consumption of the electromagnet.