Abstract: An apparatus and method of determining a communications mode. An operating condition of a device is monitored to determine if the operating condition satisfies a condition for loss of charging of a power pack of the device. Examples of operating conditions that satisfy a condition for loss of charging of a power pack of the device include determining that a power pack temperature of the power pack exceeds a power reduction temperature threshold and determining that a net electrical current drawn from the power pack exceeds a net charging electrical current delivered to the power pack. In response to determining that an operating condition of a device satisfies a condition for loss of charging of a power pack of the device, a wireless communications mode of the device is switched from a first mode to a second mode, where the second mode consumes less energy than the first mode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light emitting device including a substrate, a first buffer layer disposed on the substrate, the first buffer layer comprising aluminum nitride (AlN), an insertion layer disposed on the first buffer layer, the insertion layer comprising aluminum (Al), and a light emitting structure disposed on the insertion layer, the light emitting structure comprising a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and an active layer interposed between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A variable resonator includes a first transmission line 101, a second transmission line 102 and a plurality of switch circuits 150. The electrical length of the first transmission line 101 is equal to the electrical length of the second transmission line 102. The characteristic impedance for the even mode of the first transmission line 101 is equal to the characteristic impedance for the even mode of the second transmission line 102. The characteristic impedance for the odd mode of the first transmission line 101 is equal to the characteristic impedance for the odd mode of the second transmission line 102. Each switch circuit 150 is connected to any of the first transmission line 101 and the second transmission line 102, and one of the switch circuits 150 is turned on.

Abstract: A system method and apparatus to monitor a frictional coefficient of a substrate undergoing polishing is described. A polishing pad assembly includes a polishing layer including a polishing surface, and a substrate contacting member flexibly coupled to the polishing layer having a top surface to contact an exposed surface of a substrate. At least a portion of the top surface is substantially coplanar with the polishing surface. A sensor is provided to measure a lateral displacement of the substrate contacting member. Some embodiments may provide accurate endpoint detection during chemical mechanical polishing to indicate the exposure of an underlying layer.

Abstract: Tunable bandpass filters are provided. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a tunable bandpass filter including a dielectric substrate having a first surface opposite to a second surface, a conductive ground plane disposed on the first surface, a microstrip conductive trace pattern disposed on the second surface, the trace pattern defining a phase velocity compensation transmission line section including a series of spaced alternating T-shaped conductor portions, at least one varactor diode coupled to a first T-shaped conductor portion of the series of T-shaped conductor portions and to the conductive ground plane, and bias control circuitry coupled to the first T-shaped conductor portion, wherein the bias control circuitry is configured to control the at least one varactor diode.

Abstract: A method for producing a molded body in which the matrix of a composite material is prevented from penetrating into carbon foam. The method includes: disposing a thermosetting adhesive (3) on a porous body (2), disposing a composite material (4) containing a thermosetting resin as a matrix on the adhesive, curing the adhesive, and liquefying and curing the matrix of the composite material after the adhesive has been cured. In this production method, because the cured adhesive bonds strongly to the porous body before the matrix of the composite material is liquefied, the subsequently liquefied matrix of the composite material can be prevented from penetrating into the interior of the porous body.

Abstract: A thin-film transistor (TFT) may include a channel layer, an etch stop multi-layer, a source, a drain, a gate, and a gate insulation layer. The etch stop multi-layer may include a first etch stop layer and a second etch stop layer. The second etch stop layer may prevent or reduce an etchant from contacting the channel layer.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to yield a highly transparent cured article wherein bubbles are less generated when a catalyst and others are added to a curable composition that contains an organic polymer having a silicon-containing group which can be crosslinked by the formation of a siloxane bond and then the resultant mixture is stirred. Another object thereof is to provide a cured article which is small in surface stickiness, slightly gets dirty over a long term, and has a practical adhesiveness. These objects are attained by a curable composition which comprises (A) an organic polymer having a silicon-containing group that can be crosslinked by the formation of a siloxane bond, (B) a bivalent tin carboxylate and (C) an amine compound having no reactive silicon group, and which turns transparent when cured; or a transparent cured article obtained by curing the composition.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a print processing unit and a printing ratio determination unit. The print processing unit is configured to obtain a printing ratio of document data at a time of print execution of the document data, and associate printing ratio data indicating the obtained printing ratio with the document data. The printing ratio determination unit is configured to identify the printing ratio of the document data from the printing ratio data associated with the document data and determine whether or not the identified printing ratio satisfies a specified condition.

Abstract: A push button-type switch device includes a pair of fixed contacts, an operable member to be pushed, an actuating member elastically deformable upon the operable member being pushed, a movable contact which short-circuits the pair of fixed contacts due to elastic deformation of the actuating member, and a limiting part arranged to limit a direction in which the operable member moves and making the operable member move in a fixed orientation. The limiting part includes a pair of link members that engage with each other, one ends of the link members rotatably supported by the base portion, and the other ends thereof slidably supported by the operable member. This produces a good click irrespective of a position where the operable member is operated.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image combining device includes a read unit and a control unit. The read unit includes a transparent holder and an image read section of flatbed type. The transparent holder holds a flat medium, and plural matching reference points are marked in an edge region. The image read section reads the medium placed on a reading window. A size of the medium is larger than the reading window. Each of the partial images, generated by the image read section, includes an image of a part of the medium and a part of the matching reference points. The matching reference points are arranged along a part of an edge of the image of the medium. The control unit combines the plural partial images based on the matching reference points included in the plural partial images, and generates a combined image including an image of the medium.

Abstract: The invention provides engineered red-shifted channelrhodopsin variants. In some embodiments, the channelrhodopsin variants are characterized by improved membrane trafficking, expression, and/or unique spectral and kinetic properties.

Abstract: A reprocessing method of a semiconductor device, the reprocessing method includes adjusting a resistance value of a first resistor by first trimming the first resistor, wherein the first resistor is electrically connected between a first pad and a second pad, forming a second resistor on the first trimmed first resistor, and adjusting a resistance value of the second resistor by second trimming the second resistor.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling a vehicle headlamp, the headlamp being equipped with an automatic switching unit between high beam and low beam lighting modes and with a bending light function (DBL). The method comprises a step of making the bending light function (DBL) change from a first active state to a second state for detecting a combination of conditions comprising an active state of the automatic switching unit between high beam and low beam lighting modes and an active state of the high beam lighting mode.

Abstract: A highly accurate reproduction of visual intensity and contrast rather than the conventional 8-bit color depth is more and more used, motivating the development of an enhanced dynamic range called high bit-depth. A method for encoding a first, low bit-depth image of M bit RGB pixels and a second, high bit-depth video image of N bit RGB pixels, M<N, both having same spatial resolution, comprises generating a first transfer function based on color histograms of the first and the second video image, generating a second transfer function based on the first transfer function, applying the second transfer function to the first video image, wherein a transformed first video image is generated, calculating and encoding the residual, encoding the first video image and transmitting the encoded first video image, the second transfer function and the encoded difference.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting an invalid winding path in a layout design file includes generating a first reticle pattern file using a first path generation program, generating a second reticle pattern file using a second path generation program, comparing the first and second reticle patterns files to detect the invalid winding path. The invalid winding path includes one or more overlapping polygons.

Abstract: An inline dispersal valve that can be used with or without a base. One embodiment includes a rotatable member that is rotatable from a fluid stream obstructing condition to an out-of-the-way condition to prevent fluid diversion into the dispersal valve. Another embodiment includes a lever handle for quickly setting the amount of fluid being diverted into the inline dispersal valve. Another embodiment includes an indicator that can be viewed from a position above the inline dispersal valve. Another embodiment includes a cap that can be secured or removed without the aid of tools. Another embodiment includes a clip that allows one to disassemble the inline dispersal valve for servicing. Another embodiment includes a dispensing valve that can be reversed and still properly divert fluid into a dispersant chamber. Another embodiment includes an inline dispersal valve with a bleed valve positioned to allow one to bring the air volume in the dispersant chamber to the proper level.

Abstract: A transistor includes a notched fin covered under a shallow trench isolation layer. One or more notch may be used, the size of which may vary along a lateral direction of the fin. In some embodiments, The notch is formed using anisotropic wet etching that is selective according to silicon orientation. Example wet etchants are tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH).