Abstract: A system and method for a reactor-based biomass processing comprising: detecting a biomass input, comprising: detecting the biomass type, detecting the biomass quality, comprising detecting the biomass composition including the biomass moisture content, and detecting the biomass quantity; determining an optimized end-product, wherein the end-product is at least partially based on: a selected production target, the biomass input, and on local conditions; and producing the end-product, comprising: monitoring reaction conditions, configuring the reactor for the output production, based at least partially on biomass input, wherein configuring the reactor includes adjusting an oxygen flow rate into the reactor, and implementing a biomass decomposition.

Abstract: Reactors and systems for producing fuel gases are provided herein. In some embodiments, the reactor comprises: an outer sleeve, and inner reaction tube received within the outer sleeve, and an induction heater comprising an induction coil wrapped around the outer sleeve, wherein the induction coil is approximately the same length as the inner reaction tube and longitudinally aligned with the inner reaction tube. Systems including the reactor can be modular such that they can be installed on site at fuel stations and other locations. Related methods for making a fuel gas are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing hydrogen in a steam methane reformer with reduced carbon emissions, the apparatus comprising: a first heat exchanger configured to heat a feed stream comprising methane to produce a heated feed stream that is at a temperature above 500° C.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided that are capable of mass production of particulate materials, such as graphene particulates. The apparatus comprises an ignition assembly that comprises readily interchangeable electrode cassettes and that may be configured to self-clean in between the combustion cycles in which the particulate materials are generated. Methods of generating the particulate materials require low energy inputs in order to initiate the combustion reaction, which is then self-sustaining until the reactants are depleted.

Abstract: A system for producing hydrogen includes a thermally insulated chamber including a sidewall formed of thermally insulative material and heating elements embedded in the sidewall. The heating elements are coupled to an intermittent power source, and the heating elements heat an interior of the thermally insulated chamber responsive to electrical power from the intermittent power source. The thermally insulated chamber includes an inlet port for receiving sulfuric acid from a sulfur-iodine chamber, a first outlet port for piping sulfur dioxide into the sulfur-iodine chamber and a second outlet port for piping hydrogen and water into a water condenser. The system includes a controller that controls electrical power from the intermittent power source to the heating elements based on an interior temperature of the thermally insulated chamber. The thermally insulated chamber impedes a decay of the interior temperature for an interval of time that the intermittent power source is unavailable.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for de-vulcanisation of rubber from a rubber component, preferably a rubber tire. The apparatus comprises a cleaning device configured to clean and/or sanitize the rubber and a mixing device having at least one rotor configured to de-vulcanise the cleaned and/or sanitized rubber.

Abstract: A method of producing an encapsulated battery cell (1), includes: a) braiding a battery cell (1?) with a fibre roving (8ba) to create a braid around the battery cell (1?); b) impregnating the braid with a resin material (8ad); and c) curing the resin material (8ad).

Abstract: Fluidic systems and methods in which oscillatory flow is employed are generally described. In some instances, one or more solenoids are used to drive the oscillation of a magnetically-susceptible body which creates oscillatory flow of a fluid in a fluidic channel in fluid communication with a channel containing the magnetically-susceptible body.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to the field of chemistry and provides methods and devices for stimulation of endothermic reactions in gas phase with high activation barriers by nanosecond pulsed electrical discharge. It can be used for, e.g., CO2 functionalization of methane, H2S dissociation, hydrogen and syngas production, for processing ammonia synthesis and dissociation, etc. Some embodiments include methods and devices associated with the stimulation of plasma chemical reactions with nanosecond pulse electric discharge in the presence of gas flow.

Abstract: Mobile apparatuses and methods are provided that utilize visual marker detection (VMD) systems to determine and/or verify one or more locations in an area/room at which a mobile apparatus has been arranged and/or to determine and/or verify a mobile apparatus has been suitably positioned at a preset location in an area/room. Moreover, mobile apparatuses and methods are provided that utilize VMD systems to affect the operation of a mobile apparatus, particularly when and/or what manner the apparatus is operated. Furthermore, mobile apparatuses and methods are provided that utilize VMD systems to determine whether a mobile apparatus has moved to other locations in an area/room in a particular time frame, such as during operation of the apparatus. In addition, mobile apparatuses and methods are provided that utilize VMD systems to convey information that is specific to the location of the apparatus.

Abstract: A catalyst carrier for insertion into a reactor tube of a tubular reactor comprises a container for holding catalyst and a seal for sealing between the container and the reactor tube. The seal comprises at least a first seal layer and a second seal layer each comprising a plurality of deflectable tongues separated by notches. The second seal layer is rotationally offset relative to the first seal layer such that the notches of the second seal layer are aligned with the deflectable tongues of the first seal layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus for synthesizing a biopolymer, a method for preparing an apparatus for synthesizing a biopolymer, and a method of synthesizing a biopolymer.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a reactor body, and a dispersion plate coupled to a bottom portion of the reactor body. The dispersion plate may include a base plate and injection columns protruding from a top surface of the base plate. The injection columns include first injection columns arranged at a central portion of the dispersion plate, and second injection columns arranged at a peripheral portion of the dispersion plate. The second injection column has a greater height than a height of the first injection column. A reactive gas is uniformly injected to a wall surface of the reactor through the dispersion plate, thereby increasing a recovery ratio for an active metal of a lithium secondary battery.

Abstract: Disclosed are a reaction kettle and a coating preparation method using the reaction kettle. The reaction kettle includes a kettle body (100), the top of the kettle body (100) is provided with a feed port (110), and the side of the kettle body (100) is provided with a discharge port (120). An upper partition plate (200) is rotatably arranged in a chamber of the kettle body (100), an upper jet center (201) and a number of upper flow ports (202) arranged around the upper jet center (201) are respectively provided on the upper partition plate (200). A lower partition plate (300) is attached to the upper partition plate (200), a lower jet center (301), a number of lower flow ports (302) and a number of through-flow ports (303) arranged around the lower jet center (301) are respectively provided on the lower partition plate (300).

Abstract: A reactor for carrying out a chemical reaction, which has a reactor vessel and one or more reaction tubes, wherein power input elements for electrical heating of the reaction tube(s) are guided into the reactor vessel. It is provided that the power input elements each have a rod-shaped section that, in each case, runs at a wall passage through a wall of the reactor vessel in such a way that a connection chamber into which the rod-shaped sections project is arranged outside the reactor vessel and adjacently to the wall of the reactor vessel through which the rod-shaped sections run at their wall passages, and that cooling panels through which a cooling fluid can flow are provided in the connection chamber and are arranged between at least two or between at least two groups of the rod-shaped sections that project into the connection chamber.

Abstract: A waste treatment plant integrates larvae-based natural processing with chemical processing for transforming animal waste into chemical products. The plant includes a pretreatment unit configured to receive animal waste, moisturize the animal waste with water, provide black soldier fly, BSF, larvae, and load a tray with a mixture of the animal waste, water, and the BSF larvae; a storage room configured to receive the tray and hold the tray between 10 and 14 days; a separation mechanism configured to receive a content of the tray after the 10 to 14 days, and separate the BSF larvae from undigested animal waste; a chitin and protein extraction unit configured to receive the BSF larvae and extract chitin and proteins; and a thermo-processing unit configured to receive the undigested animal waste and extract bio-oil and bio-char.

Abstract: A gas-phase polymerization system and a solids recovery system for a fluidized bed reactor. The fluidized bed reactor can include a fluidizing gas outlet from which a discharged mixture of fluidizing gas and polymer fines is released, and a cyclone separator can separate the polymer fines from the fluidizing gas for reentry into the fluidized bed reactor. It has been found that by situating the reactor entry nozzle of the fines return line which is closest to the gas-phase reaction zone significantly higher in the reaction zone than in a conventional fines return line, and by directionally orientating the incoming stream of polymer fines and carrier gas into the fluidized bed in the reaction zone, a significant increase in the residence time of the particle in the reaction and larger particles which meet a product size distribution specifications are achieved.

Abstract: A latch and lock assembly includes a lever pivotable between a latched and unlatched position. A first actuator selectively moves a locking tab between a locked and unlocked position. In the locked position, the locking tab blocks pivotable movement of the lever from the latched position to the unlatched position. In the unlocked position, the locking tab allows pivotable movement of the lever from the latched position to the unlatched position. A second actuator selectively rotates a door opening tab between a first and second position when the locking tab is in the unlocked position is included. When the door opening tab is in the first position the lever is in a latched position, and when the door opening tab is rotated from the first position to the second position, the door opening tab abuts the lever and urges the lever from the latched position to the unlatched position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filling device for dense loading of a chemical reactor with particulate catalyst material. In particular, it relates to a device for even distribution of the catalyst material by centrifugal force. Furthermore, the invention relates to novel distribution devices, and a method for dense loading of a chemical reactor using a filling device described herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reactor arrangement and to a method for decomposing objects of plastic-based composite materials into their individual constituents by way of a solvolysis using at least one reactor chamber in which the objects as exposed to a solvent in the supercritical state. The invention is characterized in that at least three pressure chambers located in series, a first load lock chamber, a reactor chamber adjoining the same, and a second load lock chamber adjoining the latter, which are each connected to each other via an actuatable partition which can be moved from an open position, in which two of the mutually adjacent pressure chambers are connected to each other, to a closed position, in which two of the mutually adjacent pressure chambers are fluidically, thermally and pressure-specifically isolated from each other.