Abstract: Systems and methods for pyrolysis using an induction source of energy. A system can include: a reaction chamber, the reaction chamber having a cylindrical shape, the reaction chamber containing a catalyst; a fluidization plate connected to a first end of the reaction chamber; a gas input receiver connected to the fluidization plate; and a mechanism connected to a second end of the reaction chamber, wherein, during operation of the system: hydrocarbon gas is received at the gas input receiver, the input gas is forced through the fluidization plate; the fluidized gas mixes with the catalyst, resulting in at least one catalyzed molecule; the at least one catalyzed molecule undergo pyrolysis, resulting in at least two cracked elements; and the at least two cracked elements are removed from the system via the at least one output mechanism.

Abstract: Integrated energy systems, such as for use in green industrial processes that produce few or no carbon emissions, and associated devices and methods are described herein. A representative integrated energy system can include a power plant system having multiple modular nuclear reactors. The nuclear reactors can generate steam for direct industrial use or for use in an electrical power conversion system to generate electricity. Individual ones of the nuclear reactors can be configured to flexibly generate differing outputs of steam or electricity based on the vary requirements of the industrial processes of the integrated energy system. The industrial processes can include, for example, the production of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, ammonia, urea, sulfur, sulfuric acid, and/or other useful chemicals.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for producing hydrogen in an existing steam methane reformer (SMR) via ammonia cracking, the apparatus comprising: an ammonia storage vessel; a furnace having a plurality of reactor tubes and a plurality of burners, wherein the reactor tubes and the burners are in fluid communication with the ammonia storage vessel, such that the reactor tubes and the burners are configured to receive a flow of ammonia gas sourced from the ammonia storage vessel, and catalytically crack the ammonia within the reactor tubes to produce a crude process gas and a flue gas; a plurality of waste heat recovery sections; a boiler feed water preparation system; means for treating the crude process gas in order to reduce the amount of the unreacted ammonia in the crude process gas, thereby resulting in an aqueous ammonia stream and a washed crude stream; and a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit disposed downstream the means for treating the crude process gas.

Abstract: To provide a hydrostatic pressure type high temperature and high-pressure treatment apparatus by a wet method and a dry method for efficiently mass-producing high-quality and large-sized synthetic diamond. In the treatment apparatus, a high-pressure cell prevented from the intrusion of a pressure medium into the inside is housed in a high-pressure container, and hydrostatic pressurization is performed by the liquid pressure medium. At least one pressurizing mechanism 10 for the pressure medium 6 is provided, and a pressure medium having a known compressibility and volume change rate is used.

Abstract: A solar-driven methanol reforming system for hydrogen production includes a water storage tank, high-temperature solar collector tubes, a thermocouple, valves, preheaters, an evaporator, a reactor, a heat exchanger, a mixed solution (methanol and water) storage tank, a gas separator, a pump, a carbon dioxide storage tank, a hydrogen storage tank, and pipes; the present invention utilizes solar energy to provide heat required for hydrogen production by methanol reforming, and stores some heat in a phase change material to supply heat for the methanol reforming reaction when sunlight is weak; the system does not need additional energy supply, thus saving energy consumption from traditional electric heating or fuel heating.

Abstract: According to one aspect, a system for processing material to form activated aluminum, may include a thermal reactor defining a chamber, a support disposed outside of the chamber, a shaft having a first portion and a second portion defining a longitudinal axis, the first portion disposed on the support and the second portion disposed in the chamber, and the shaft rotatable about the longitudinal axis, a fixture supported on the second portion of the shaft in the chamber, and a restraint releasably securable to the second portion of the shaft, the restraint and the fixture spaced relative to one another to hold a plurality of kits of material therebetween as the shaft rotates the fixture, the restraint, and the plurality of kits of material, about the longitudinal axis, in the chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for a reactor-based biomass processing comprising: detecting a biomass input, comprising: detecting the biomass type, detecting the biomass quality, comprising detecting the biomass composition including the biomass moisture content, and detecting the biomass quantity; determining an optimized end-product, wherein the end-product is at least partially based on: a selected production target, the biomass input, and on local conditions; and producing the end-product, comprising: monitoring reaction conditions, configuring the reactor for the output production, based at least partially on biomass input, wherein configuring the reactor includes adjusting an oxygen flow rate into the reactor, and implementing a biomass decomposition.

Abstract: Reactors and systems for producing fuel gases are provided herein. In some embodiments, the reactor comprises: an outer sleeve, and inner reaction tube received within the outer sleeve, and an induction heater comprising an induction coil wrapped around the outer sleeve, wherein the induction coil is approximately the same length as the inner reaction tube and longitudinally aligned with the inner reaction tube. Systems including the reactor can be modular such that they can be installed on site at fuel stations and other locations. Related methods for making a fuel gas are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing hydrogen in a steam methane reformer with reduced carbon emissions, the apparatus comprising: a first heat exchanger configured to heat a feed stream comprising methane to produce a heated feed stream that is at a temperature above 500° C.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided that are capable of mass production of particulate materials, such as graphene particulates. The apparatus comprises an ignition assembly that comprises readily interchangeable electrode cassettes and that may be configured to self-clean in between the combustion cycles in which the particulate materials are generated. Methods of generating the particulate materials require low energy inputs in order to initiate the combustion reaction, which is then self-sustaining until the reactants are depleted.

Abstract: A system for producing hydrogen includes a thermally insulated chamber including a sidewall formed of thermally insulative material and heating elements embedded in the sidewall. The heating elements are coupled to an intermittent power source, and the heating elements heat an interior of the thermally insulated chamber responsive to electrical power from the intermittent power source. The thermally insulated chamber includes an inlet port for receiving sulfuric acid from a sulfur-iodine chamber, a first outlet port for piping sulfur dioxide into the sulfur-iodine chamber and a second outlet port for piping hydrogen and water into a water condenser. The system includes a controller that controls electrical power from the intermittent power source to the heating elements based on an interior temperature of the thermally insulated chamber. The thermally insulated chamber impedes a decay of the interior temperature for an interval of time that the intermittent power source is unavailable.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for de-vulcanisation of rubber from a rubber component, preferably a rubber tire. The apparatus comprises a cleaning device configured to clean and/or sanitize the rubber and a mixing device having at least one rotor configured to de-vulcanise the cleaned and/or sanitized rubber.

Abstract: A method of producing an encapsulated battery cell (1), includes: a) braiding a battery cell (1?) with a fibre roving (8ba) to create a braid around the battery cell (1?); b) impregnating the braid with a resin material (8ad); and c) curing the resin material (8ad).

Abstract: Fluidic systems and methods in which oscillatory flow is employed are generally described. In some instances, one or more solenoids are used to drive the oscillation of a magnetically-susceptible body which creates oscillatory flow of a fluid in a fluidic channel in fluid communication with a channel containing the magnetically-susceptible body.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to the field of chemistry and provides methods and devices for stimulation of endothermic reactions in gas phase with high activation barriers by nanosecond pulsed electrical discharge. It can be used for, e.g., CO2 functionalization of methane, H2S dissociation, hydrogen and syngas production, for processing ammonia synthesis and dissociation, etc. Some embodiments include methods and devices associated with the stimulation of plasma chemical reactions with nanosecond pulse electric discharge in the presence of gas flow.

Abstract: Mobile apparatuses and methods are provided that utilize visual marker detection (VMD) systems to determine and/or verify one or more locations in an area/room at which a mobile apparatus has been arranged and/or to determine and/or verify a mobile apparatus has been suitably positioned at a preset location in an area/room. Moreover, mobile apparatuses and methods are provided that utilize VMD systems to affect the operation of a mobile apparatus, particularly when and/or what manner the apparatus is operated. Furthermore, mobile apparatuses and methods are provided that utilize VMD systems to determine whether a mobile apparatus has moved to other locations in an area/room in a particular time frame, such as during operation of the apparatus. In addition, mobile apparatuses and methods are provided that utilize VMD systems to convey information that is specific to the location of the apparatus.

Abstract: A catalyst carrier for insertion into a reactor tube of a tubular reactor comprises a container for holding catalyst and a seal for sealing between the container and the reactor tube. The seal comprises at least a first seal layer and a second seal layer each comprising a plurality of deflectable tongues separated by notches. The second seal layer is rotationally offset relative to the first seal layer such that the notches of the second seal layer are aligned with the deflectable tongues of the first seal layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus for synthesizing a biopolymer, a method for preparing an apparatus for synthesizing a biopolymer, and a method of synthesizing a biopolymer.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a reactor body, and a dispersion plate coupled to a bottom portion of the reactor body. The dispersion plate may include a base plate and injection columns protruding from a top surface of the base plate. The injection columns include first injection columns arranged at a central portion of the dispersion plate, and second injection columns arranged at a peripheral portion of the dispersion plate. The second injection column has a greater height than a height of the first injection column. A reactive gas is uniformly injected to a wall surface of the reactor through the dispersion plate, thereby increasing a recovery ratio for an active metal of a lithium secondary battery.

Abstract: Disclosed are a reaction kettle and a coating preparation method using the reaction kettle. The reaction kettle includes a kettle body (100), the top of the kettle body (100) is provided with a feed port (110), and the side of the kettle body (100) is provided with a discharge port (120). An upper partition plate (200) is rotatably arranged in a chamber of the kettle body (100), an upper jet center (201) and a number of upper flow ports (202) arranged around the upper jet center (201) are respectively provided on the upper partition plate (200). A lower partition plate (300) is attached to the upper partition plate (200), a lower jet center (301), a number of lower flow ports (302) and a number of through-flow ports (303) arranged around the lower jet center (301) are respectively provided on the lower partition plate (300).