Abstract: A method for determining a route for communication across a network in real-time, said method including: collecting a set of network delay information at a caller device; storing the set of network delay information at the caller device; based on a stored set of network delay information at the caller device and the callee device, determining, by the caller device, in cooperation with the callee device, a set of relay server candidates to be used to relay data packets between the caller device and the callee device; and based on calculated round trip times for probing data packets set out and sent back, selecting, by the caller device in cooperation with the callee device, a shortest routing path as an active routing path for use for transporting a first data packet between the caller device and the callee device.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a message processing method of optical network termination (ONT), including: the ONT receiving an uplink message; the ONT performing a corresponding VLAN tagging operation in accordance with the characteristic value of the uplink message, wherein at least two types of uplink messages with different characteristic values have different VLAN Tags after the uplink messages are processed by the ONT. The present invention also discloses a VLAN Tag processing apparatus, an optical network termination (ONT), and a passive optical network system, which enable subsequent network devices to process the messages from the ONT in diverse ways.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for wireless communications in regional networks, e.g., ad hoc peer to peer networks, are described. Wireless communications devices transmit and monitor for presence indicator signals broadcast from other peer communications devices in its local vicinity. A wireless communications device maintains a list of discovered devices in its vicinity. A first wireless communications device transmits a paging signal directly over an airlink to a second communications device, which is on its list and to which it desires to send data units, e.g., user data in a peer to peer traffic segment. In response to a received paging response signal from the second device, the first device transmits data units, intended for the second device, to a third device, which acts as an intermediary node. The power level for the data unit signal is controlled to be lower than the power level used for the paging signal. FIG.

Abstract: A management device allocates a first identifier that identifies, from among tenants included in a multi-tenant system, a tenant that uses virtual machines running on the multi-tenant system. The management device performs the following process, for each terminating device, from among tenants in the multi-tenant system, on virtual machines that are running on a second network in which terminating devices are installed. Specifically, the management device allocates a second identifier that identifies a tenant that uses virtual machines running on the multi-tenant system. Furthermore, the management device creates, for each terminating device, conversion information in which the first identifier that is allocated to each of the virtual machines is associated with the second identifier. Then, the management device sets each terminating device such that a packet is encapsulated in accordance with the created conversion information.

Abstract: A method for and apparatus for performing a synchronization in a wireless communication system is provided. A wireless device checks a configuration including a resource relationship about reference signals (RSs) between a first cell and a second cell; receives a first reference signal (RS) from the first cell; determines a timing reference to receive a second RS based on the resource relationship; receives the second RS from the second cell based on the timing reference; performs a frequency tracking using the second RS; and decodes data signals from the second cell.

Abstract: In a method for transmitting data through a Massive MIMO backhaul system, a central node of the MIMO backhaul system transmits, to a small cell repeater terminal on the downlink, a downlink pilot signal carrying a set of pilot sequences that are mutually orthogonal in the frequency domain. Each pilot sequence in the set of pilot sequences corresponds to an antenna of an antenna array at the central node. The central node receives an uplink pilot signal carrying the set of pilot sequences transmitted by the small cell repeater terminal on the uplink, where the received uplink pilot signal is a frequency converted retransmission of the downlink pilot signal. The central node estimates at least one of an uplink channel and a downlink channel between the central node and the small cell repeater terminal based on the set of pilot sequences and the received uplink pilot signal.

Abstract: A receiving node receives a virtual LDP initialization (vInit) message from a first node, where the vInit message comprises a request to establish a vLDP session between a requesting node and a target node. If the receiving node does not own a destination address of the vInit message, the receiving node is determined to be a relay node. The relay node inserts a relay label into the vInit message, where the relay label is an outgoing label that the relay node uses to reach the first node, and forwards the vInit message toward the destination address. If the receiving node owns the destination address, the receiving node is determined to be the target node, which extracts a stack of relay labels from the vInit message. The relay labels are used to define a return path to the requesting node for messages transmitted over the vLDP session.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to model a network path with performance characterization for individual path segments of the network path and correlate the faults and performance issues to identify the factors that are causing network path performance degradation. The system described herein provides for codebook correlation technology to identify the root cause of network path performance degradation. In an embodiment, an algorithm is provided to model the network path with performance characterization and analysis. The performance of a network path is determined by performance characteristics of individual hops along the network path. The path performance is then characterized with weighted attributes indicative of performance over individual hops along the network path. The individual hops along the network path are modeled with weighted attributes indicative of performance. The performance symptoms may be aggregated to determine path performance using codebook correlation to perform a causal analysis.

Abstract: An approach is provided for location-based TCP throughput predictions and carrier-assisted video rate adaptation, including predicting a future location of a user device based on one or more location parameters associated with the device, a user of the device, or a combination thereof, predicting a transmission control protocol (TCP) throughput for at least one segment of a multimedia file based on the future location of the device, and transmitting the at least one segment based on the predicted TCP throughput.

Abstract: A network including an access point, a client station, and a proxy station. The proxy station is configured to communicate with the access point during a first period. During the first period the proxy station is configured to receive, from the access point, downlink data intended for the client station, and transmit, to the access point, uplink data received from the client station and intended for the access point. The proxy station is further configured to communicate with the client station during a second period. During the second period the proxy station is configured to receive, from the client station, the uplink data intended for the access point, and transmit, to the client station, the downlink data intended for the client station.

Abstract: A sounding method in a cellular wireless communication system, comprising at least one mobile station and at least two base stations. One base station is a serving base station for the mobile station and the at least one further base station is a neighboring base station. The serving base station generates a schedule for measurement signals and transmits said schedule to the mobile station and to the neighboring base station. The mobile station transmits measurement signals in accordance with the schedule to the serving base station and to the neighboring base station. Furthermore, the neighboring base station calculates a mean channel state for the uplink channel from the mobile station to itself and transmits the mean channel state to at least one further base station, so that said base station can be provided with channel estimations for uplink channels between the mobile station and all base stations.

Abstract: A flow bonder at a CMTS and another at a cable modem distribute packets of a service flow over multiple channels and collect them in the downstream direction respectively; vice versa in the upstream direction. The service flow may include video and data streams that are provided to the CMTS via an IP network. IP header information is stripped form video packets and remultiplexed with packets of other video streams. The remultiplexed video stream packets are combined into a composite stream, which is transported using multiple bonded-flow RF channels over an HFC. A set top box receives the composite stream and separates data from video packets based on IP information. Video packets are assembled according to information from a multiple program transport stream table based on a program selected by a user.

Abstract: A method for weighted routing of data traffic can include generating a first hash value based on a header of a data packet and performing a lookup in a first ECMP table using the first hash value to select a secondary ECMP table from at least two secondary un-weighted ECMP tables, the first ECMP table including a weighted listing of the at least two secondary un-weighted ECMP tables. The method can also include generating a second hash value based on the header of the data packet and performing a lookup in the selected secondary ECMP table based on the second hash value to select an egress port of a plurality of egress ports of the data switch and forwarding the data packet on the selected egress port.

Abstract: A relay apparatus includes a first data storage unit and a processor. The first data storage unit stores an output port identifier in connection with a combination of a port identifier and a communication type identifier. The processor obtains, when a frame is received, a first output port identifier corresponding to a combination of a port identifier of a port that received the frame and a communication type identifier included in the received frame by use of the first data storage unit to output the received frame to a port identified by the first output port identifier.

Abstract: A method of routing packets between nodes of a packet switched network, the method comprising receiving a packet at a first node, the packet comprising routing information and payload data, sending said routing information to a second node in the routing path via a first transmission medium having a relatively high transmission speed, and sending said payload data to said second node via a second transmission medium having a relatively low transmission speed. Upon receipt of said routing information, said second node is able to prepare or begin preparation for onward routing of the packet in advance of receipt of said payload.

Abstract: Embodiments provide techniques for transmitting data packets across a deterministic Ethernet network. Embodiments receive, at a first device in the deterministic Ethernet network, a deterministic binary schedule specifying timing information for transmitting data fragments relating to a plurality of data flows. Data packets to transmit to a destination device within the deterministic Ethernet network are received at the first device. Embodiments include fragmenting each of the data packets into two or more fragments and encoding at least one of the two or more fragments for each of the data packets with a respective sparse graph code. The encoded fragments are transmitted to the destination device, across multiple paths through the deterministic Ethernet network, according to timing information specified in the deterministic binary schedule.

Abstract: A system for increasing bandwidth to a communication device, comprising: a packet scheduler; and a transmitter; the system configured to operate the packet scheduler to schedule packets of a service flow onto multiple media access control (MAC) channels forming a MAC channel group before operating the transmitter to send the scheduled packets from an origination device toward a destination device, the packet scheduler waiting a maximum group cross channel skew time for an out-of sequence packet, the maximum group cross channel skew time a maximum of multiple pair cross channel skew times, one pair cross channel skew time associated with each pair grouping of MAC channels configured to be formed from the MAC channel group; and the system configured with a setting to allow only a single channel of the multiple channels of the MAC channel group to carry DOCSIS messages, and to override the setting to share at least some of the channels of the MAC channel group among multiple cable modems while the MAC channel gr

Abstract: A u-turn fast rerouting capability is provided. A first node propagates a packet toward a second node based on selection of a first routing path for routing the packet from the first node toward an intended destination node. The second node received the packet, determines that the packet cannot be delivered to the destination node via the first routing path, inserts a u-turn label into the packet, and returns the packet to the first node. The u-turn label indicates that the packet is being returned to the first node by the second node due to a condition preventing propagation of the packet toward the destination node using the first routing path. The first node receives the packet including the u-turn label, selects a second routing path for routing the packet toward the destination node, and propagates the packet toward the destination node based on the second routing path.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system includes a switch that has a processor and logic integrated with and/or executable by the processor, the logic being configured to create a message indicating addition, modification, or deletion of a static flow in a software defined network (SDN), wherein the static flow includes the switch and at least one other device in the SDN, and send the message to a SDN controller in a SDN-formatted structure. In another embodiment, a method includes creating a message, using a switch, indicating addition, modification, or deletion of a static flow in a SDN, wherein the static flow includes the switch and at least one other device in the SDN, and sending the message to a SDN controller in a SDN-formatted structure. Other systems and methods for reporting static flows to a SDN controller in a SDN are described according to more embodiments.

Abstract: A system and method adds and manages entries on a list of entries of routing information to allow the top entry to be used for routing to a destination corresponding to the list. Costs of a wireless link may be a function of the success rate experienced on that wireless link.