Abstract: In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, embodiments of the present disclosure, in one aspect, relate to methods of making a structure including nanotubes, a structure including nanotubes, methods of delivering a fluid to a cell, methods of removing a fluid to a cell, methods of accessing intracellular space, and the like.

Abstract: A composition for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, the composition including, as an active ingredient, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LM1017, and more specifically provided is a composition for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. The composition includes, as an active ingredient, a navel Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LM1017 which adjusts the NF-?B signal transduction pathway, and thus inhibits the expression of proinflammatory cytokines.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions, methods, and kits related to reverse transcriptases derived from E.r. maturase.

Abstract: An approach for modifying multiple types of bacteria to produce surface modifications that enhance the immunologic response when used as a vaccine. A series of plasmids (pYF, pYFC, pYFP, pSF, pSPF, and pSCF) may be used to transform bacteria which then produce surface-exposed ligands that bind to complement receptors on antigen presenting cells. When modified bacteria are used as a vaccine, the vaccine recipients produce significantly higher titers of specific antibodies and are better protected against challenges from the disease-causing bacteria.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter relates generally to a method for modifying oil, and specifically to a process for increasing the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acid in an oil composition.

Abstract: A mutant algal strain showing upregulation of mRNA transcripts encoding urea carboxylase, ?-15-?3-desaturase and downregulation of mRNA transcripts of gene encoding triacylglycerol lipase is provided herein. The mutant algal strain of the present disclosure is tolerant to low temperature and thus can be grown over a wide temperature range. The strain shows enhanced biomass and fatty acid production and enhanced growth rate and nitrogen metabolism over a wide temperature range of about 10° C. to about 37° C., wherein the enhancement is in comparison to the wild type algal strain. A method of obtaining the mutant algal strain and a method of producing industrially relevant products such as fatty acids from the mutant algal strain also are provided herein.

Abstract: Covalently cross-linked pilus polymers displayed on the cell surface of Gram-positive bacteria are assembled by class C sortase enzymes. These pilus-specific transpeptidases located on the bacterial membrane catalyze a two-step protein ligation reaction—first, cleaving the LPXTG motif of one pilin protomer to form an acyl-enzyme intermediate, and second, joining the terminal threonine to the nucleophilic lysine residue residing within the pilin motif of another pilin protomer. Informed by the high-resolution crystal structures of corynebacterial pilus-specific sortase (SrtA) and by developing structural variants of the sortase enzyme whose catalytic pocket has been unmasked by activating mutations, we have developed new reagents capable of forming isopeptide bonds in vitro. The reagents disclosed herein can catalyze ligation of isolated SpaA domains in vitro provide a facile and versatile new platform for protein engineering and bio-conjugation that has major implications for biotechnology.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a microorganism that efficiently produces EPA and a method for producing EPA using the microorganism. The present invention relates to a microorganism having an ability to produce docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), wherein the microorganism contains a protein composed of an amino acid sequence in which at least one of the amino acid residues at positions 6, 65, 230, 231, and 275 in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 has been substituted with another amino acid residue (mutated OrfB), and is capable of producing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and the like.

Abstract: A liquid sporulation method is described. A liquid culture is prepared by adding bacterial cells to a sporulation broth. The liquid culture is incubated. Spores are harvested from the incubated liquid culture by separating the spores from a culture supernatant. In some embodiments, the harvested spores are suspended in an aqueous medium to form a spore suspension. At least a portion of the culture supernatant is combined with the spore suspension.

Abstract: A Geomyces mutant strain and an application thereof, relating to the technical field of the screening and application of functional microorganisms; the mutant strain is obtained through a mutagenic method, capable of greatly improving the yield of red pigment; the mutant strain has been preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection of Wuhan University on Jan. 24, 2019, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M2019086; the mutant strain can be widely used in the field of natural pigment production, can reduce the production cost of red pigment, and has a bright application prospect.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of preparing an artificial tooth primordium in vitro, comprising the steps: a) providing isolated mesenchymal dental pulp cells; and b) culturing the mesenchymal dental pulp cells under non-adherent conditions to form a cell aggregate representing an artificial tooth primordium; as well as to an artificial tooth primordium derived therefrom.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the fields of biotechnology, molecular biology and genetic engineering. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a genetically modified alga comprising a recombinant cytochrome c6 gene, methods of producing the same and applications thereof. The present disclosure also relates to a codon optimised nucleic acid sequence encoding a cytochrome c6 polypeptide, expression cassette, vectors and host cell thereof. In an embodiment, the present disclosure also relates to a method of increasing biomass and photosynthetic efficiency of algae.

Abstract: A medium material for removing phenol contamination from groundwater, a method of producing the same, and use of the same id disclosed. In at least some embodiments, the medium material is a granular material which has an average particle diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm and is formed from a bacteria-entrapping solution, a manganese sand filter material, modified bentonite, and biochar at a mass ratio of 1:0.2-0.4:0.2-0.4:0.1-0.2 by a series of processes including strain culturing, catalysis, mixing, solidification, and the like. The medium material can remove phenol from groundwater, is a safe and environment-friendly material, has a long service life, and/or achieves waste treatment with waste.

Abstract: A method of screening/prognosis/diagnosis for colorectal cancer (CRC) wherein methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2) levels are detected in a non-tumor sample such as peripheral blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or lymphocytes. Based on the MetAP2 levels, the individual may be selected for further testing.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection means whereby Staphylococcus aureus can be identified at a high accuracy. An aspect of the present invention relates to a medium for detecting S. aureus which comprises one or more kinds of nutrient components, a color developing agent capable of developing a color in the presence of ?-glucosidase, a color developing agent capable of developing a color in the presence of phosphatase and 0.5 mg/cm3 or more of sodium colistin methanesulfonate. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a sheet for detecting S. aureus, said sheet comprising the aforesaid medium, and a method for detecting S. aureus with the use of the medium and sheet as described above.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are medical products, including an implantable device coated with a crosslinked extracellular matrix comprising at least one of Type IV collagen and laminin, wherein the crosslinked extracellular matrix contains no more than 0.024 mg/ml total concentration of glucose, amino acids and salts having a molecular weight of 2000 daltons or less. Corresponding systems and method also are disclosed.

Abstract: Lignocellulosic biomass can be fractionated for the purpose of increasing cellulose purity in the pulp, increasing native lignin content of the isolated lignin, and improving cellulose hydrolysis, by performing the steps of: (a) extracting the biomass with an extracting liquid comprising at least 20 wt % of a first organic solvent at a temperature below 100° C.; (b) treating the extracted biomass with a treatment liquid comprising a second organic solvent selected from lower alcohols, ethers and ketones, optionally water and optionally an acid, at a temperature between 120° C. and 280° C., and, optionally: (c) subjecting a cellulose-enriched product stream resulting from step (b) to enzymatic hydrolysis. The first and second organic solvent may be different or the same; in particular they comprise ethanol or acetone.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for mucosal delivery of agents are provided. The emulsion compositions are intended for administration to a mucosal surface, such as oral, gastrointestinal and nasal mucosa. The emulsion compositions provided contain one or more mucoadhesive proteins and an agent to be delivered. Methods for delivery of agents using the compositions provided herein are also provided.

Abstract: Methods of culturing and detecting a biomarker which may be associated with autoimmune diseases, in particular inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn's disease; also a screening method for substances suitable for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease including Crohn's disease; the method including culturing a biomarker in a culture media which includes a culture broth, OADC, PANTA and Mycobactin J.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a PPA from a microorganism belonging to the family Halobacteriaceae (HPPA), for example, a PPA from Haloferax volcanii. The HPPA provided by the invention is soluble, thermostable and active at high concentrations of salt and/or organic solvent. An embodiment of the invention provides a method of increasing the rate of a reaction by adding an HPPA to the reaction mixture, wherein the reaction produces PPi, for example, an enzymatic reaction, and wherein the reaction is carried out at moderately high temperature and/or low water activity. Further embodiments of the invention provide an assay to detect the PPi released during a reaction which produces PPi by adding an HPPA to convert the PPi in to Pi and measuring the resultant Pi. The invention further pertains to an assay to monitor a reaction which produces PPi in the presence or the absence of an HPPA.