Abstract: Compounds of formulaR.sub.1 O--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --S--S--(CH.sub.2).sub.p --S].sub.x S--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --OR.sub.2wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are, independently, hydrogen, C.sub.1-5 alkyl or a physiologically-hydrolyzable and -acceptable acid residue; m and n are, independently, 2 or 3; p is an integer of fron 2 to 6; and x is 1, 2 or 3; whereby when x is 2 or 3, each p may be the same or different, having immunostimulant activity.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is aliphatic hydrocarbyl, alicyclic hydrocarbyl or aryl suitably substituted, if desired, or a heterocyclic group, R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.2 is alkyl or alkoxy, R.sup.3 is ##STR2## wherein a is 0 or 1, R.sup.4 is hydrogen or CW'.sub.3, the W' being hydrogen or halogen, Z is halogen and X is halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, acetoxy, carbethoxyalkoxy, phenoxy, alkylthio, carbethoxyalkylthio, phenylthio, phosphono, dithiophosphonoxy, phosphoramido, isocyanato, isothiocyanato, alkyl- and dialkylthiocarbamoylthio, alkyl- and dialkylcarbamoyloxy, alkylsulfonyl, etc., have herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Bis-(diphenylsulfoniophenyl)-sulfide-bis-chloride and related aryl sulfonium halides are produced in high yields and in high purity by reacting diphenyl disulfide (Ph--S--S--Ph) in benzene in the presence of aluminum chloride with gaseous chlorine according to the disclosed process.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an isoindoline derivative of the following general formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl group and X is a carboxyl group, carboalkoxy group, amide group or cyano group, which comprisescycling a benzylidene derivative of the following general formula (I) ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl group, and R.sup.2 and X are as defined above, in the presence of a reducing agent such as sodium boron hydride. In one embodiment, the benzylidene derivative may be substituted by a reaction mixture containing the same, the reaction mixture being prepared by reacting o-phthalaldehydic acid or its ester with an aniline derivative.

Abstract: A continuous process is provided for the vapor-phase preparation of C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl mercaptans where a di C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl sulfide is reacted with a molar excess of hydrogen sulfide at elevated temperature in the presence of a specified synthetic zeolite containing at least 10 percent by weight of an alkali metal, expressed as Na.sub.2 O.

Abstract: Described are branched chain alkenyl methyl carbonates and branched chain alkenyl formates defined according to the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.3 represents hydrogen or methoxy and wherein in each of the molecules described by the structure, one of the dashed lines is a carbon-carbon double bond and each of the other of the dashed lines is a carbon-carbon single bond; and uses of the compounds wherein R.sub.3 is methoxy in augmenting or enhancing the aroma of perfume compositions, colognes and perfumed articles such as solid or liquid anionic, cationic, nonionic or zwitterionic detergents, fabric softener compositions, fabric softener articles, hair sprays, shampoos, bath oils and plastic fragrances.

Abstract: Provided is a novel process for the synthesis of aryl sulfides substituted with an alkoxy or phenoxy substituent. The process comprises reacting an alkoxy or phenoxy substituted aromatic compound with a sulfur dihalide, preferably sulfur dichloride, in the presence of an alkali metal tetrafluoroborate catalyst, with the amount of said aromatic reactant compound preferably being sufficient to solvate the sulfur dichloride and catalyst sufficiently to allow the reaction to occur.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for inverting the configuration in optically active compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which Ar.sub.1 represents a monocyclic or polycyclic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic radical that has at least one ring of aromatic character and is bonded to the oxygen atom by way of a ring carbon atom, preferably of the ring of aromatic character, andR.sub.1 represents an optionally substituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon radical,or the salts thereof, characterized in that an optically active compound of the formula ##STR2## having a R(+) or S(-) configuration, in which R.sub.2 represents a monocyclic or polycyclic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic radical, or an optionally substituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon radical,is converted, by treating with a strong oxygen-containing inorganic or organic acid or halides thereof, into an optically active compound of the formula ##STR3## in which x.sup..crclbar.

Abstract: Novel N-(heterocyclicaminocarbonyl)carbonyl-substituted benzothiophene- and benzofuransulfonamides are useful as herbicides. The invention also includes novel sulfonamides and sulfonyl isocyanates useful in preparing such compounds.

Abstract: Some derivatives of interphenylene-9-thia-11-oxo-12-azaprostanoic acid which are active renal vasodilator agents are resolved via diastereomeric camphanyl or camphorcarbonyl esters. Upon hydrolysis, the separated diastereoisomers yield optically pure enantiomers.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) in the 1-form ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted (C.sub.1-7) alkyl, optionally substituted aryl and aromatic heterocyclyl and the dotted line is an optional direct bond, and acid addition salts thereof, are useful in treating worm infections in mammals. Compounds (I) are produced by forming the amide of m-aminotetramisole or by closing the dihydroimidazoline ring.

Abstract: When the reaction of aldehydes with alkali metal trihaloacetates is carried out in the presence of a highly polar aprotic solvent (DMF, DMSO), novel organic alkali metal carbonates, which are precursors of pyrethroid insecticides, are formed in high yields and at a high rate. Novel sulfonates and dihalophosphites, derived from these carbonates have also been claimed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of aryl alkyl sulfones and aryl vinyl sulfones. The process comprises reacting an aryl compound with an alkyl sulfonyl fluoride or with a vinyl sulfonyl fluoride in the presence of a catalyst selected from AlCl.sub.3 and AlBr.sub.3. The aryl compound is preferably selected from chlorobenzene, the isomeric xylenes, the isomeric trimethyl benzenes, and mixtures thereof. The alkyl group of the alkyl sulfonyl fluoride preferably contains 1-18 carbon atoms, and the vinyl group of the vinyl sulfonyl fluoride is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more alkyl groups containing 1-5 carbon atoms. The reaction is conducted at a temperature between about -25.degree. C. and 150.degree. C. in the presence or absence of an inert solvent.

Abstract: Purified bis(3,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone useful for production of improved carbonate polymer is described. This sulfone is precipitated by deammoniation of an aqueous solution and then removed from the supernatant solution. This produces a product having minimal phenol sulfonic impurities. It may be employed to form carbonate polymer having improved physical properties.

Abstract: 4,4'-Dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone is isolated from a mixture of dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone isomers by heat dissolving the mixture in phenol and then cooling the resulting solution thereby allowing 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone to precipitate as an adduct with phenol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of 2,2'-bis(4-substituted phenol)sulfides which comprises reacting a 4-substituted phenol with sulfur dichloride in a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature of from -10.degree. to 40.degree. C. in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst. For example, 2,2'-bis(4-cumylphenol)-sulfide, i.e. 2,2'-bis(4-.alpha.,.alpha.-dimethyl benzyl-phenol)monosulfide, which is a novel compound can be prepared by reacting 4-cumylphenol with sulfur dichloride in benzene at a temperature of from 0.degree.to 10.degree. C. in the presence of zinc chloride.

Abstract: A novel hexahydroisoindole derivative of the formula, ##STR1## which can be produced by dehydration of the corresponding 3a-hydroxy-octahydroisioindole derivative or by reaction of the corresponding 3-chloro-hexahydroisoindole with a thiol sulfonate.The derivative is useful as an intermediate for producing a compound having a substituted or unsubstituted thiol group at 3-position and can be utilized as a herbicide possessing low toxicity to crops and animal.

Abstract: A process for the simultaneous preparation of pyrazole and triazoles by reacting a triazoline compound with a basic compound and then oxidizing the product with hydrogen peroxide.The triazoles and pyrazole obtainable by the process of the invention are valuable starting materials for the preparation of dyes, pesticides and drugs.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of 5-chloro-indole comprising reacting indoline in a chlorine-inert organic solvent with an acylating agent of an organic carboxylic acid to obtain the corresponding 1-acyl-indoline, reacting the latter in the presence of water and a basic agent with chlorine to form 5-chloro-1-acyl-indoline, subjecting the latter to saponification to obtain 5-chloro-indoline and reacting the latter in a water-immiscible organic solvent by heating with an aromatic nitrocompound in the presence of a finely powdered ruthenium catalyst to form 5-chloro-indole in excellent yields.

Abstract: 2-Chloro-4,5-disubstituted-thiazoles have been found to be effective in reducing herbicidal injury to sorghum plants due to the application thereto of acetanilide and thiocarbamate herbicides.