Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of synthetic polymers have been made by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers in water in the presence of a protective colloid prepared by copolymerizing the alcoholysis product of a mixture of about 1 to about 3 mols of a di-, tri-, or tetra- polyol and about 1 mole of a tri- or a tetra- acrylate ester. Such aqueous dispersions are useful in paints, adhesives and textile applications, and exhibit improvements in wet adhesion and abrasion resistance.

Abstract: A glass fiber sizing composition for the reinforcement of resin matrices is provided which comprises a homogeneous aqueous composition of two polyester resins. The first polyester resin is a water solubilized condensation cross-linkable, polyester resin, insoluble in aromatic solvents. The second polyester resin is insoluble but dispersible in water but insoluble in the first polyester resin. Thus, when the second polyester is blended with a water solution of the first polyester, a dispersion is produced. In this dispersion the water and the first polyester form the continuous phase and the second polyester forms the dispersed phase. A plasticizer and two silane coupling agents are also incorporated into the sizing composition. The first coupling agent is provided to promote adhesion between the glass fibers and the resin matrix and the second silane coupling agent is employed in the sizing composition to control the wetting of the glass fibers by the first silane coupling agent.

Abstract: Stable non-aqueous dispersion of water-soluble polymers of extremely high molecular weight coupled with relatively low viscosity and rapid dilutability with water to form a polymer solution are obtained by polymerization of at least one water-soluble .alpha.,.beta.-monoolefinically unsaturated monomer such as acrylamide and dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate in water-in-oil emulsion with the aid of at least one photo-initiator and UV-light, and azeotropical distillation from water, before or after the addition of a water-soluble wetting agent, to a residual water content of less than 5% by weight, based on polymer. The dispersions are eminently suitable for the preparation of aqueous solution, as retention agents for fillers and water-removal accelerators in the production of paper.

Abstract: A thermally curable aqueous emulsion coating composition is provided in which liquid particles of resinous polyepoxide are emulsified by means of a nonionic surfactant and there is also present an organic solvent soluble carboxyl functional copolymer which is dispersed by means of salt formation utilizing partial neutralization with ammonia or an amine to disperse the copolymer, the combination of nonionic surfactant emulsification of the epoxy resin and partial neutralization of the copolymer carboxyl serving to provide storage stability for this otherwise unstable system.

Abstract: Plastic compositions containing polyurethanes and bis-phenoxy compounds having the formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN Z is bromine, m and m' are each integers having a value of 1-5 and alkylene is a straight or branched chain alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Acrylic latices containing epoxy resins are prepared by emulsion polymerization in which an epoxy resin (polyepoxide) is incorporated into at least one of the monoethylenic monomers, including an epoxy-reactive monomer, and the monomers including the epoxy resin are emulsified into water containing surfactant to provide the oil phase of an oil-in-water emulsion. The monomers are then polymerized in the aqueous emulsion using a free radical polymerization catalyst and a reaction temperature which does not cause premature reaction between the epoxy groups and the reactive monomer. This provides thermosetting latex particles of fine particle size in the presence of less emulsifying agent than is normally needed.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of aqueous solutions of anionic polyelectrolytes by combining a stream of a high solid content alkenoic acid-alkyl acrylate latex with a stream of aqueous alkali metal hydroxide, mixing the combined streams under low shear conditions and heating the mixture to produce a polyelectrolyte solution.The use of these steps avoids the formation of high viscosity mixtures or rubber masses which are difficult, if not impossible, to further process into the desired polyelectrolyte solution.

Abstract: The stability of an aqueous titanium dioxide pigment slurry can be enhanced by blending therewith hard plastic particles having average particle size of about 1,000-10,000 A.

Abstract: Hydrocurable compositions of a hydroxy(polyalkylenecarbonyloxy)alkyleneoxazolidine and a polyfunctional isocyanate are disclosed. The compositions are useful in forming films, paints, coatings, fibers, seamless flooring, coatings, impregnants and adhesives for natural and synthetic materials. The compositions are prepared by treating a hydroxy(polyalkylenecarbonyloxy)alkyleneoxazolidine with a polyfunctional isocyanate or by treating a bisoxazolidine isocyanate prepolymer with a polyfunctional isocyanate.

Abstract: Stable water-in-oil emulsions of water soluble ethylenically unsaturated polymers are prepared using as a water-in-oil emulsifying agent a partially esterified lower N,N-dialkanol substituted fatty amide.Additionally, from 5-50 weight percent of the surfactant may be from surfactants of the following classes:A. salts of fatty tertiary amines, said fatty tertiary amine having one alkyl group containing from 15-22 carbon atoms, and two alkyl groups having from 1-3 carbon atoms, said salt selected from the group of anions consisting of halogens, sulfate, and sulfite;B. quaternary salts of the above fatty tertiary amines;C. alkali metal salts of fatty acids containing 15-22 carbon atoms; and,D. alkyl or alkyl aryl sulfates and sulfonates containing 8-22 carbon atoms.The above system yields latices of small particle size having improved storage stability.

Abstract: Acidic monomers are polymerized in aqueous solutions containing a free radical initiating catalyst and a methylol amide reagent or formaldehyde. The resulting acidic polymers have very high molecular weight as measured by the viscosities of dilute solutions of the acidic and neutralized polymers. The reaction solutions can be used to form tough, insoluble films, and the polymers can serve as effective thickening agents and floculating agents.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising a fluororesin and a chelate compound of a transition element of Group IV in the periodic table in an aqueous medium, which can assure a firm adhesiveness to a substrate while maintaining advantageous properties inherent to the fluororesin.

Abstract: A freeze-thaw stable, self-inverting, water-in-oil emulsion comprising an aqueous phase of a copolymer of acrylic acid, a hydrocarbon oil, a water-in-oil emulsifying agent and an inverting surfactant comprising a fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide reaction product and a method for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: An improved process for the continuous polymerization, in aqueous emulsion, of vinyl and/or vinylidene monomers is provided, the improvement comprising carrying out the polymerization in a series of reactors arranged in cascade and feeding the reaction mixture from the reactor at the lowest level to the reactor at the highest level.

Abstract: In fiber beater addition processes, polymer latexes containing a water-soluble salt of polybasic fatty acid and a 2-alkyl imidazoline derivative have storage stability and provide a broad range of freeness response from the same latex for use in the fiber slurry beater addition of latices to form fiber sheet materials in which polymers in latex form are incorporated into water dispersions of fibers and deposited thereon by coagulation. These latexes are obtained by either polymerizing the monomers to form polymer in aqueous dispersion in the presence of the polybasic fatty acid and 2-alkyl imidazoline derivative, by the presence of at least one of them during such polymerization and the addition of the other to the latex before adding to a water dispersion of the fiber, or addition of the polybasic fatty acid salt and 2-alkyl imidazoline derivative to an already prepared latex.

Abstract: Oligomeric organo metallic resins which are divalent metal acylates of the formula: X M D M X, wherein each X is an acyloxy ligand of a monobasic acid containing at least 7 carbon atoms; D is a diacyloxy radical (ligand) of a dibasic acid containing at least 6 carbon atoms; and M is a divalent metal atom other than calcium are provided. These novel oligomeric resins are particularly suitable as coating compositions and when they contain oxidizable divalent metals are especially rapid drying.

Abstract: A freeze-thaw stable, self-inverting, water-in-oil emulsion comprising an aqueous phase of a polymer of acrylamide, a hydrocarbon oil, a water-in-oil emulsifying agent and an inverting surfactant mixture comprising sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate and a sodium bis(C.sub.11 -C.sub.15 alkyl)sulfosuccinate or an ethoxylated octyl or nonyl phenol and a method for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a latex polymerization process for grafting styrene and acrylonitrile type monomers onto a rubber latex which has been stabilized with a substance which inhibits polymerization. The process involves carrying out the graft polymerization reaction in the presence of from 1 to 10 parts of latex seed particles per hundred parts of rubber using a chain transfer agent that doesn't inhibit the graft polymerization reaction.

Abstract: Latices of polymers containing polymerized water-soluble amides may often thicken or gel on storage. The use of small amounts of hydroxylamine sulfate, added usually during processing, after polymerization, during storage or even added after latex thickening has begun, retards thickening and gelling of such latices.

Abstract: Staining and discoloration of painted wood surfaces, as a result of bleeding into the top or finish coat of soluble coloring matter and tannins naturally present in the wood, is prevented by coating or impregnating the wood with a basic aluminum compound, particularly with a water soluble basic aluminum halide or derivative thereof. The basic aluminum compound may be applied in aqueous solution or non-pigmented emulsion for prefinishing building lumber, or applied in the form of a pigmented emulsion as a primer coat.The present invention relates to novel methods and compositions for application to the surfaces of woods, particularly to stain-susceptible woods, to prevent their staining or discoloring as a result of tannin and tocopherol or other waste-soluble coloring matter present in the raw wood, bleeding or migrating into a subsequently applied preservative or decorative paint film.