Patents Examined by M. Kopec
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Patent number: 5846912Abstract: The present invention relate to textured YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x (Y-123) superconductors and a process of preparing them by directional recrystallization of compacts fabricated from quenched YBCO powders at temperatures about 100.degree. C. below the peritectic temperature to provide a superconductor where more than 75% of the YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x phase is obtained without any Y.sub.2 BaCuO.sub.5 .Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 1996Date of Patent: December 8, 1998Assignee: Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc.Inventors: Venkat Selvamanickam, Amit Goyal, Donald M. Kroeger
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Patent number: 5830389Abstract: Electrically conductive adhesive compositions and methods for the preparation and use thereof, in which a solder powder, a chemically protected cross-linking agent with fluxing properties and a reactive monomer or polymer are the principal components. Depending upon the intended end use, the compositions comprise three or more of the following: a relatively high melting metal powder; solder powder; the active cross-linking agent which also serves as a fluxing agent; a resin; and a reactive monomer or polymer. The compositions are useful as improved conductive adhesives, such as for attaching electrical components to electrical circuits; the compositions comprising metal powder are ideally suited for creating the conductive paths on printed circuits. The compositions for forming conductive paths may first be applied to a substrate in the desired pattern of an electrical circuit, and then heated to cure it.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 1994Date of Patent: November 3, 1998Assignee: Toranaga Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Miguel Albert Capote, Michael George Todd, Nicholas John Manesis, Hugh P. Craig
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Patent number: 5776864Abstract: A method of fabricating bulk YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x where compressed powder oxides and/or carbonates of Y and Ba and Cu present in mole ratios to form YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x are heated in the presence of a Nd.sub.1+x Ba.sub.2-x Cu.sub.3 O.sub.y seed crystal to a temperature sufficient to form a liquid phase in the YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x while maintaining the seed crystal solid. The materials are slowly cooled to provide a YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x material having a predetermined number of domains between 1 and 5. Crack-free single domain materials can be formed using either plate shaped seed crystals or cube shaped seed crystals with a pedestal of preferential orientation material.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1997Date of Patent: July 7, 1998Assignee: The University of ChicagoInventors: Volker Todt, Dean J. Miller, Donglu Shi, Suvankar Sengupta
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Patent number: 5772923Abstract: A solution which comprises: a non-polar organic solvent, such as an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, like hexane; polyaniline; and an effective amount of an amphiphilic phenol-containing reagent, which can be a monomeric compound or a phenol-containing polymer, for the solubilization of the polyaniline in the solvent. The alkyl substituent in the phenol-containing reagent, if monomeric, can contain from about six to about twelve carbon atoms, with a preferred solubilizer being dodecylphenol.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1996Date of Patent: June 30, 1998Inventor: Kalle M. J. Levon
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Patent number: 5720903Abstract: A dispersible, intrinsically conductive polymer having an electrical conductivity (measured in a 4-point measuring cell on a powder pellet) of 2.5.times.10.sup.1 to 2.5.times.10.sup.5 S/cm is obtained when a dispersible intrinsically conductive polymer in powder form having a starting conductivity of 1 to 5 S/cm is rubbed and/or dispersed in the presence of a non-polymeric polar substance applying sufficient shear forces until the desired increased electrical conductivity is reached.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1995Date of Patent: February 24, 1998Assignee: Zipperling Kessler & Co. (GmbH & Co)Inventors: Bernhard Wessling, Holger Merkle, Jr., Susanne Blattner
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Patent number: 5716552Abstract: A thick-film conductor paste and thick-film conductors formed therefrom. The conductor paste is composed of metallic particles coated with a ceramic layer that reduces leaching and solder diffusion into the conductor, thereby improving the reliability of the conductor-solder bond. The ceramic layer may be continuous or discontinuous, and may be applied to some or all of the particles of the conductor paste.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1996Date of Patent: February 10, 1998Assignee: Delco Electronics Corp.Inventors: Christine Ann Paszkiet, Dwadasi Hare Rama Sarma
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Patent number: 5716551Abstract: A U.V. curable composition for application to a substrate surface to provide a static dissipative coating which comprises a conductive matrix constituent having a crown type ligand selected from the group consisting of podands, coronands and cryptands in a guest/host relationship with a conductive dopant moiety. Such ligands included those provided by functionalized podands and functionalized coronands. The formulation further includes a polymer matrix constituent formed of a base oligomer system and a crosslinking agent which is reactive with the base oligomer system to form a crosslinked resin matrix which incorporates the conductive matrix constituent. A low viscosity diluent functions as a solvating liquid for the crosslinking agent and the base oligomer system. The formulation further includes a photoinitiator of the free radical or cationic type to initiate polymerization of the composition upon the application of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 1996Date of Patent: February 10, 1998Assignee: Tech Spray, Inc.Inventors: Greg Roland Unruh, Jean Gentleman-Wynn
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Patent number: 5709740Abstract: A thermally expandable wax composition and its use in polymer-based actuators is disclosed and claimed. The compositions are wax-based and include conductive filler as well as a viscosity modifier to stabilize the composition against segregation. Optionally included are thermoxidative stabilizers.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 1996Date of Patent: January 20, 1998Assignee: Hoechst Celanese Corp.Inventors: M. Ishaq Haider, James E. Kuder, Barbara J. Long, Joseph D. Menczel, James B. Stamatoff, Michael Bayer
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Patent number: 5707556Abstract: An improved electrochromic layer containing M.sub.X WO.sub.Y, M.sub.X NiO.sub.Y, M.sub.X VO.sub.Y, M.sub.X MoO.sub.Y, M.sub.XCrO.sub.Y, M.sub.X RuO.sub.Y, M.sub.X IrO.sub.Y, or M.sub.X TiO.sub.Y, where M is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, X is less than 0.06 and Y is in the range from 2 to 3.2. The layer contains the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal when the electrochromic layer is formed.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1995Date of Patent: January 13, 1998Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Susan J. Babinec, Marianne L. McKelvy
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Patent number: 5703021Abstract: A description is given of superconducting substances having a content of Bi, Sr, Ca and Cu, and of processes for their preparation from the metal oxides within a range which is specified by the overall composition Bi.sub.a (Sr,Ca).sub.b -Cu.sub.6 O.sub.x, where a=3-24 and b=3.23-24, with an Sr/Ca atomic ratio of 1:9-9:1 and a Bi:(Ca+Sr) atomic ratio of 0.3-1.5. The transition temperature is at least 60 K. The principal phase crystallizes in the orthorhombic system. The pure compounds Bi.sub.4 (Sr,Ca).sub.4 Cu.sub.2 O.apprxeq..sub.12 and Bi.sub.4 (Sr,Ca).sub.6 Cu.sub.4 O.apprxeq..sub.20.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: December 30, 1997Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Georg von Schnering, Winfried Becker, Martin Schwarz, Bernhard Hettich, Martin Hartweg, Leonhard Walz, Thomas Popp
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Patent number: 5683627Abstract: A curable electroconductive composition which comprises (1)(a) a monoglycidyl compound such as cardanolglycidyl ether having 18 to 30 carbon atoms and further having in a molecule thereof an epoxy group, one or more aromatic hydrocarbon groups and an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and (b) a crosslinking component such as bisphenol A diglycidyl ether having in a molecule thereof two or more epoxy groups and one or more aromatic hydrocarbon groups, (2) a curing agent, and (3) a copper powder. The curable electroconductive composition does not develop cracks during the curing even when thick electrically conducting cured products are formed such as electrically conducting through-holes in printed wiring board, and the cured product thereof exhibits stable electrically conducting property over extended periods of time.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1996Date of Patent: November 4, 1997Assignee: Tokuyama CorporationInventors: Toshihiro Katayama, Tomomi Okamoto, Toshitsugu Shimamoto
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Patent number: 5651922Abstract: A polymeric composition having improved toughness and conductivity comprising carbon fibrils, at least a portion of which are in the form of aggregates, wherein, as measured on an area basis, substantially all of the aggregates are less than about 35 .mu.m in diameter. A polymeric composition having improved toughness and conductivity is prepared by combining carbon fibrils, at least a portion of which are in the form of aggregates, with a polymeric material, mixing the combination to distribute the fibrils in the polymeric material and applying shear to the combination to break down the aggregates until substantially all of the aggregates are less than about 35 .mu.m in diameter.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: July 29, 1997Assignee: Hyperion Catalysis InternationalInventors: Paul R. Nahass, Stephen O. Friend, Robert W. Hausslein
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Patent number: 5648319Abstract: Disclosed is an oxide superconductor comprising an oxide of RE, Ba and Cu, which consists of a superconductor having a texture wherein the crystal directions of the 123 phase in the matrix are uniform, large angle grain boundaries having an directional difference larger than 20.degree. are not present and the 211 phase is finely dispersed, or an aggregate thereof, wherein the superconductor is formed into a plate or wire and the c-axis of the crystal of the formed body is uniform within .+-.30.degree. to the normal of the plate face of the formed body or in the range of from 60.degree. to 120.degree. to said normal. Also disclosed is a process for the preparation of an oxide superconductor as set forth above, which comprises inserting a formed body as mentioned above to a heating furnace and moving a region of a temperature at which grains are formed in the 123 phase of the matrix of the formed body, i.e., through a region having a temperature of from 1050.degree. to 910.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 1995Date of Patent: July 15, 1997Assignee: Nippon Steel CorporationInventors: Mitsuru Morita, Katsuyoshi Miyamoto, Kiyoshi Sawano, Shouichi Matsuda
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Patent number: 5648322Abstract: A superconductive material has the formula(Tl.sub.1-X1-X2 Pb.sub.X1 Bi.sub.X2).sub..alpha. (Sr.sub.1-X3 Ba.sub.X3).sub..beta. Ca.sub..gamma. Cu.sub..delta. O.sub..xi.where0.ltoreq.X1.ltoreq.0.80.ltoreq.X2.ltoreq.0.50.ltoreq.X3.ltoreq.1.00.7.ltoreq..alpha..ltoreq.1.51.4.ltoreq..beta..ltoreq.3.00.7.ltoreq..gamma..ltoreq.4.51.4.ltoreq..delta..ltoreq.64.5.ltoreq..xi..ltoreq.170<X1+X2<1.The superconducting material may be combined with an isostructural non-superconducting material, which then acts as a pinning center. The result may also be combined with a metal. The resulting superconductor permits a high critical current density Jc to be obtained, even at relatively high magnetic flux densities.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 1995Date of Patent: July 15, 1997Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Toshiya Doi, Takeshi Ozawa, Kazuhide Tanaka, Toyotaka Yuasa, Tomoichi Kamo, Shinpei Matsuda
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Patent number: 5646094Abstract: The present invention comprises novel superconducting materials exhibiting superconductivity at temperatures exceeding 90 K. with chemical formula Tl.sub.a Pb.sub.b Ca.sub.c Sr.sub.d R.sub.e Cu.sub.f O.sub.g where R=Y or the lanthanide rare earth elements and where 0.3.ltoreq.a,b.ltoreq.0.7, 0.05.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.1.1,2-c.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.1.95, 0.05.ltoreq.e.ltoreq.1, 1.9.ltoreq.f.ltoreq.2.1 and 6.5.ltoreq.g.ltoreq.7.5. These compounds, which are layered perovskite-like oxides, exhibit a high chemical stability, form readily into nearly single phase, do not require adjustment of oxygen stoichiometry after synthesis and compositions may be chosen allowing superconductivity at temperatures exceeding 100 K. A preferred form of the superconducting materials is the range of compositions given by the chemical formulaTl.sub.0.5+x Pb.sub.0.5-x Ca.sub.1-y Sr.sub.2-z R.sub.y+z Cu.sub.2 O.sub.7.+-..delta.where 0.ltoreq.x, 8.ltoreq.0.3, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.95, 0.05.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.1-y of which a preferred form isTl.sub.0.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 1995Date of Patent: July 8, 1997Inventors: Jeffrey Lewis Tallon, Murray Robert Presland
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Patent number: 5645764Abstract: An electrically conductive pressure sensitive adhesive containing electrically conductive polymers used as an alternative to metallic solder in interconnect electronic applications.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 1995Date of Patent: July 8, 1997Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Marie Angelopoulos, Jeffrey Donald Gelorme, Joseph Paul Kuczynski
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Patent number: 5645765Abstract: A nontoxic lead-free conductive paste comprising (a) a lead-free glass frit having a crystallization temperature of 700.degree.-870.degree. C. and consisting essentially of, by weight %, 20-38% of SiO.sub.2, 5.5-13.5% of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 8-15.5% of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 4-19% of CaO, 20-29% of ZnO, 0-6% of ZrO.sub.2, 4-16% of TiO.sub.2 and 0.1-3.8% of MoO.sub.3 ; (b) finely divided particles of electrically conductive material; (c) at least one inorganic additive selected from the group consisting of bismuth oxide, zinc oxide-containing containing oxide material, manganese oxide, copper oxide and molybdenum oxide; and (d) an organic medium. The nontoxic conductive paste is free from environmental and health problems and results in conductors having excellent solderability, solder leach resistance, adhesion strength and electrical properties, both on ceramic substrates such as alumina or on dielectric bodies.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1996Date of Patent: July 8, 1997Assignee: Shoei Chemical Inc.Inventors: Eiichi Asada, Tetsuya Tanaka
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Patent number: 5643502Abstract: A polymeric composition having improved toughness and conductivity comprising carbon fibrils, at least a portion of which are in the form of aggregates, wherein, as measured on an area basis, substantially all of the aggregates are less than about 35 .mu.m in diameter. A polymeric composition having improved toughness and conductivity is prepared by combining carbon fibrils, at least a portion of which are in the form of aggregates, with a polymeric material, mixing the combination to distribute the fibrils in the polymeric material and applying shear to the combination to break down the aggregates until substantially all of the aggregates are less than about 35 .mu.m in diameter.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 1994Date of Patent: July 1, 1997Assignee: Hyperion Catalysis InternationalInventors: Paul R. Nahass, Stephen O. Friend, Robert W. Hausslein
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Patent number: 5635456Abstract: A method for preparing an oxide superconductor article includes exposing the article after deformation of the article to a final heat treatment having the steps of (a) heating the article at a temperature sufficient to partially melt the article, such that a liquid phase co-exists with the desired oxide superconductor phase; and (b) cooling to and holding the article at a temperature sufficient to transform the liquid phase into the desired oxide superconductor, where no deformation occurs after the final heat treatment. The liquid phase of step (a) wets surfaces of a defect contained within the mixed phase, whereby upon transformation of the liquid in step (b) to the desired oxide superconductor, the defect is healed.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1993Date of Patent: June 3, 1997Assignee: American Superconductor CorporationInventors: Gilbert N. Riley, Jr., Alexander Otto, William L. Carter
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Patent number: 5628932Abstract: An electroconductive composition comprising a two-dimensional network of antimony-containing tin oxide crystallites in association with amorphous silica, the composition according to one aspect of the invention comprising a powder of submicron to tens of micron size particles capable of forming a conductive network within a carrier matrix, such as a thin film matrix, and a process for preparing the composition.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1994Date of Patent: May 13, 1997Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Howard R. Linton