Abstract: A device for measuring sugar concentration, particularly in a body liquid, for example, blood of a patient is characterized in that an electrochemical glucose cell is used to produce an electrical signal corresponding to the sugar concentration.

Abstract: Test apparatus which indicates the peak potential to which copy paper is charged, the surface potential remaining after a dark decay interval, and the potential remaining after a light exposure interval.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes electronic circuits for use with test and diagnostic (T&D) means to collect errors orignating within integrated circuit (IC) chips during their operation in a system environment. Moreover, the circuits employ counters and a memory to identify and store the location of the defective chips so that prompt remedial action may be taken.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved multifunction frequency counter for use in combination with a crystal oscillator, which includes a crystal and a pair of crystal load capacitors and with a digital display. The improved multifunction frequency counter includes a first frequency divider for dividing the output frequency of the crystal oscillator to one Megahertz and a second frequency divider for dividing the one Megahertz to one thousand Hertz, a three decade down counter, which is preset at 999, and a decode logic element which provides an output signal to an enabling device, a signal gate having its first input coupled to a pulse shaping device which includes an input amplifier electrically coupled to a schmitt trigger, a second input electrically coupled to the enabling device and a third input electrically coupled to the output of the first frequency divider. The signal gate has pulsed output.

Abstract: An apparatus for examining liquid quality, for example, water quality, in which a sensing element is placed in contact with the test water, and which comprises sensing means including a sensing element, means for generating an air bubble in the vicinity of the sensing element and for producing a turbulent flow due to the substantially disordered motion based on the floating power of the air bubble in the vicinity of a sensing surface of the sensing element.

Abstract: Fluid conductivity measuring apparatus employing fluid-coupled primary and secondary transformer windings where the primary transformer winding is energized by an oscillator. Accuracy in the apparatus is enhanced through the use therein of a feedback winding in the primary section of the transformer which couples with an output-level-control input in the oscillator to inhibit any tendency of the signal output level of the oscillator to change.

Abstract: A monitor for indicating deviation of an alternating current power source from a nominal operating frequency. The monitor circuit provides an indication when the frequency being measured is at its nominal value and provides further indications when it differs from the nominal frequency by a predetermined amount either in an above-frequency or a below-frequency manner. Further means are provided to supply an alarm indication indicative of an out-of-tolerance deviation either in a high or low frequency.

Abstract: A frequency measuring apparatus is disclosed wherein a plurality of sets of harmonic signals is mixed with a received signal to produce a plurality of groups of beat frequency signals. A plurality of filters, each one being fed by a corresponding one of the groups of beat frequency signals, is provided to reject the beat frequency signals in such group having frequencies greater than one-half the fundamental frequency of the set of signals producing the group of beat frequency signals fed to such one of the filters. A plurality of counters, each one coupled to the output of a corresponding one of the filters, converts the frequency of the beat frequency signals fed to such counter to corresponding digital words. A logic network is provided to calculate the frequency of the received signal from the digital words provided by the counter.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with an oil detector comprising a pair of electrodes having therebetween a capillary channel of such a size that water and oil will be held therein by surface tension, and means for electrically connecting the electrodes to a measuring circuit.

Abstract: The dynamic range enhancement of the image intensifier is provided by an electrically conductive membrane or mesh which is disposed within the intensifier between the photocathode and the microchannel plate and a pulse width modulator to provide a control signal proportional to the light level adjacent the output window of the intensifier to provide a control signal for the membrane or mesh to control the electron image from the photocathode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for measuring the corrosion current of an elongated structure immersed in a fluid and provided with a cathodic protection device, the apparatus comprising at least one closed magnetic circuit immersed in the fluid and orientated so that a certain amount of electric current can pass therethrough, a coil on this magnetic circuit, measuring means connected to the terminals of this coil and modulation means (perforated rotating disc) for periodically varying, in time, the quantity of electric current circulating through the magnetic circuit. The invention is applied more particularly to the surveillance of underwater pipe-lines.

Abstract: Selected orders of multiple quantum transitions may be detected by preparing a statistical non-equilibrium state of an assembly of gyromagnetic resonators of selected phase with respect to a subsequent mixing pulse. After an evolution period, t.sub.1, a 90.degree. mixing pulse is applied and the free induction decay is sampled as a function of time, t.sub.2. The signal functions S.sub.i (t.sub.1, t.sub.2, .phi..sub.i) is developed for systematically varied values of t.sub.1 and specially selected values of .phi..sub.i. Linear combinations of the signal functions S.sub.i yield, after Fourier transformation a two dimensional spectrum of multiple quantum transitions limited by the choice of phase and linear combination. In another embodiment, a magnetic gradient pulse is applied during the evolution period and resulting multiple quantum transitions yield spectral peaks of width dependent upon the order of such transitions.

Abstract: Apparatus for monitoring the temperature, and the electrical conductance and capacitance, of a liquid product during processing of the liquid product, and automatically converting the measured electrical conductance and capacitance values to the conductance capacitance of the liquid product at a selected reference temperature of the product. An a.c. sine wave voltage is applied across a conductivity cell immersed in the liquid and an admittance signal proportional to the current flowing through the cell is resolved into a signal proportional to the conductance of the liquid, and a signal proportional to the capacitance of the liquid, within the cell.

Abstract: A light-emitting element and a light-responsive element are optically connected with each other through a U-shaped optical guide. An output level of the light-responsive element indicates whether the U-shaped guide is above or below the liquid-level.

Abstract: An electrooptical scanning device which can detect the relative position of register mark applied to a moving web, either serially on a single track or in two parallel, side-by-side tracks which extend in the direction of movement of the web. Light from a light source positioned some distance above the web is split into three light beams and the light beams are reflected downwardly towards the web. Lenses are positioned to receive and direct the light beam at an oblique angle onto the marks on the track or tracks. The lenses are aligned with the tracks and the light beam passing through a given lens is directed to the opposite track to illuminate three positions, two on the first track and one position on the second track. Light impinging on the web at these positions is scattered.

Abstract: A method for providing a continuous binary coded output measurement of an unknown input frequency or pulse rate. The unknown pulse rate is compared against a first known frequency and an output is obtained in binary coded form which is functionally related to the approximate ratio of the unknown pulse rate to the known pulse rate. A second unknown pulse rate equal to the difference between the unknown pulse rate and the ratio times the known pulse rate is generated. The unknown input pulse rate or the second unknown pulse rate is then transferred to a second stage when the ratio is less than one or greater than one respectively. A series of such comparisons are made to obtain an approximate value for the unknown pulse rate to a predetermined resolution.Apparatus is provided for receiving and continuously providing an output measurement for an unknown input frequency. A clock circuit provides a plurality of known frequencies having a predetermined interrelationship.

Abstract: A novel method for detecting charge on large bodies such as the earth is accomplished by means of disclosed apparatus which includes a vertical column of mercury having an associated electrode which is capacitively coupled to the mercury column when the mercury level is above the position of the electrode. By establishing an initial unipotential state for the apparatus by short circuit connection of the electrode and mercury column to the earth and an electrometer connected between the electrode and the earth which is initially short-circuited across its terminals the apparatus is conditioned to sense the charge of the large body to which it is connected (the earth) by moving the mercury column up and down past the position of the electrode with the electrometer open-circuited and thus connected between the electrode and earth during the passage of the mercury in one direction past the electrode.

Abstract: A phase that a scaler is operated by gated clock-pulses is made different from another phase that the scaler is operated by the gated clock-pulses at every conversion cycle. The phases in which the operation of the scaler interferes with the clock-pulses and gate circuits are varied at random so that the interfering action is dispersed and an averaging action is obtained.

Abstract: An electronic hydrometer for monitoring the specific gravity of a solution containing ions includes a probe having spaced apart electrodes adapted to be inserted into the solution to be monitored and is provided with an A.C. resistance electrically connected in series with an electrode of the probe to form, with the probe, a voltage divider network. Means for applying an A.C. voltage across the network and means for generating a reference voltage are provided. The voltage across one element of the voltage divider network is compared with the reference voltage, the difference in voltages being an indication of solution specific gravity. Suitable means, such as a meter, is provided for comparing the voltages and indicating the voltage difference.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring the amplitude statistics, particularly the amplitude probability distribution, of radiated electromagnetic signals which have been processed by a radio receiver. In other modes of use, such a distribution of electrical signals in a conductor can be measured.