Abstract: A coder and a decoder having delay elements of the same delay time arranged one after the other in which the signal transmission ratio code of the signal paths from the input of the circuit to the output is chosen in accordance with bessel coefficients so as to prevent disturbing echoes.

Abstract: An instrumentthat determines the HF and the HNO.sub.3 concentration or other mixed acids or single acid of an acid bath measures the potential difference between a fluoride ion selective electrode and a reference electrode and the potential difference between a hydrogen ion selective electrode and the reference electrode. The electrode voltages are applied to a control circuit including a microprocessing unit for calculating and displaying the acid concentrations of the bath and for compensating for the nonlinearity of the measured voltages as well as the interdependence of the two voltages. Also, means are provided for calculating and displaying percent metal concentrations.

Abstract: A digital signal generator that produces multifrequency tones in the voice band range for use in telephone station sets utilizing multitone dialing. Amplitude information describing each of eight voice band frequencies is digitally encoded into a sequence of multi-bit words describing the amplitude at successive data points along the waveform. The eight frequencies so encoded are separated into four upper and four lower frequencies and stored in two solid state read-only memories. Upon command amplitude data words for one upper and one lower frequency are sequentially read out of the memory in time synchronization, added, and their sum applied to a digital delta modulation circuit. The delta modulator determines the change between two successive data word sums and describes the change by an output of either a binary one or a binary zero.

Abstract: A system for measuring the amount of area traversed by a vehicular implement comprising linear distance measuring means for generating an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies systematically in accordance with the distance traversed by the implement. An electronic switch having a first switching state and a second switching state is utilized for developing a control signal having a first value when the switch is in the first state and a second value when the switch is in the second state, with the electronic switch being coupled to the electrical signal generator and responsive to the electrical signal for switching to the first switching state. A clock is responsive to the control signal being in the first state and having the first value for generating a timing signal having a predetermined frequency. A pair of presettable dividers are coupled to the clock for developing a switching signal which is applied to the electronic switch to switch it to the second switching state.

Abstract: Control apparatus for determining the power regenerating operation of a train vehicle is disclosed in relation to the provision of a control signal in conjunction with the operation of the power supply rail of the train vehicle track, such that power regenerating operation of the train vehicle is prevented unless such operation is desired as indicated by the presence of that control signal.

Abstract: A memory access technique for use in digital data processing apparatus, particularly in mini-computer systems, in which a plurality of memory modules are used, each of the modules having a main memory and a higher speed auxiliary, or "cache" memory, the data in the "cache" memories of a plurality of modules being capable of storage therein in an interleaved manner. Appropriate modifiable interconnection means, such as modifiable jumper connections, are provided on each memory module to permit the modules to be arranged for either interleaved or non-interleaved operation. As additional modules are added to the system, additional "cache" memory storage is automatically added and the capability of higher order interleaving becomes readily possible.

Abstract: Apparatus for computing an arithmetically accumulated sequence of exponenantissa formatted numbers, which comprises write-in apparatus and read-out apparatus. The write-in apparatus comprises means for separating each of a sequence of numbers in exponent-mantissa form according to the values of the exponent, the value of the exponent being employed as a storing address for the number. Means connected to the separating means algebraically sum mantissas of like exponents; the two above means comprising a write logic block. A random-access memory is connected to the summing means for storing the sum of the mantissas. It also includes means for addressing the storing means.

Abstract: A digital level comparison device having a digitally controlled switching network for adding or removing attenuation from a signal channel is described. The device includes a binary counter having an input for pulses corresponding to the received signal level and a timing input for receiving clock pulses corresponding to a predetermined nominal level. The counter is graduated in stages, each of which has an output leading to the aforementioned switching network. Within each stage interval, on one side thereof, there is a first additional interval, and on the other side of that stage interval there is a second additional interval. If the counter reading falls within a first additional interval the predetermined nominal level value is reduced by a given value, and if the counter reading falls within a second additional interval the nominal level value is increased by a given value.

Abstract: A distance meter for vehicles wherein the distance to be travelled from the place of departure to a destination is preset and on the way to the destination the distance travelled since the departure of the vehicle is subtracted from the preset travelling distance whereby to always display the remaining distance to the destination. The number of operations of the switch are counted to determine each preset digit. Its presetting circuit for presetting the travelling distance to a destination, computing circuit and display circuit each consists of an electronic circuit.

Abstract: Hereinafter disclosed is methodology and apparatus for converting wide dynamic amplitude range digital data recorded in floating point digital word form, comprising a binary coded mantissa and a binary coded exponent, to an analog signal or visible display such as an oscillogram or "wiggle trace" of selectively compressed dynamic amplitude range. The digital word occupying a number of binary digit or bit positions is in algebraic form .+-. AG-E; wherein A represents the mantissa or argument; G represents the radix or base of the number system used; and, E represents an exponent. Since the radxi G is constant the only binary digits or bits that need to be recorded are those bits representing the mantissa A and the exponent E.

Abstract: The pressure of the atmosphere is sensed by a pressure transducer which causes a resistance to vary. The variance of this resistor is converted to a variable frequency. The number of cycles of this frequency in a set amount of time is counted by a counter and displayed by a digital display.

Abstract: Indication of possible vehicle running distance with remnant fuel is accomplished by measuring the fuel amount, the fuel consumption and the running distance and calculating the possible remaining running distance with remnant fuel. The indication is directly based on the current driving condition so that the driver can know the possible running distance with remnant fuel in continued driving under similar conditions. The indication can prevent fuel shortage and also teach a driver economic driving.

Abstract: The invention resides in an improved apparatus for the evaluation of qualities of a running continuous yarn. The apparatus is provided with a capacitive sensor through which the yarn is passed continuously. The apparatus is also provided with a device for extracting from the sensor an output signal with amplitude or frequency components frequency distribution. It is further provided with an electronic calculating device which determines the mean and standard deviation from the foregoing distributory information.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for adjusting the vibration frequency of vibrating objects such as piano strings, by stepwise adjustment of the vibration frequency of a vibrating object. The amount of the required adjusting operation in each of the adjustment steps is calculated by the equation:.DELTA..theta..sub.i = K.sub.i (f.sub.s - f.sub.pi-1)wherein:i represents an integer such as 1, 2, 3, ...;.DELTA..theta..sub.i represents the amount of adjustment in the i-th adjusting step;f.sub.pi -1 represents the vibration frequency after the (i-1)th adjusting step;K.sub.i represents the constant employed in the calculation of the i-th adjusting step;The constant (K.sub.1) for the initial (i=1) adjusting step is predetermined; andThe constant K.sub.i (i=2, 3, ...) for the second and subsequent adjusting steps is calculated by the equation: ##EQU1## WHEREIN: .DELTA..theta..sub.I-1 REPRESENTS THE AMOUNT OF ADJUSTMENT IN THE (I-1)TH ADJUSTING STEP;f.sub.

Abstract: In a facsimile system, rotation of a transmitter drum carrying a document is synchronized with the rotation of a receiver drum carrying a copy medium. Synchronization is achieved by rotating the transmitter drum at a substantially constant angular frequency while generating transmitter synchronizing pulses corresponding to that frequency and rotating the receiver drum at an initial angular frequency while generating receiver synchronizing pulses corresponding to the initial frequency where the initial frequency of the receiver drum differs substantially from the constant frequency of the transmitter drum. When partial coincidence between portions of a transmitter synchronizing pulse and the receiver drum synchronizing pulse is detected, the receiver drum is rotated at another frequency closer to the constant frequency of the transmitter drum.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for distributing command pulses to a numerically controlled machine which is provided with a first and a second control axis having different resolution. The first control axis has a smaller resolution than the second control axis. The numerical datum for each control axis, based on the smaller resolution are given to the pulse distributing circuit. When the command pulse obtained by the pulse distributing operation is supplied to the first control axis, the movable part of the machine is displaced by an amount corresponding to the smaller resolution. At this time, the distributing point is also moved by the same amount in the first axis direction.

Abstract: This invention relates to a channel for exchanging information between a computer and rapid peripheral units. Each rapid peripheral unit as well as the bus line of the computer have a direct access to at least one buffer storage, consisting of a stack of sequentially addressable registers. The information to be exchanged between the computer and the peripheral unit are recorded temporarily in the buffer storage, in the stacking order of its registers. Then the previously recorded information is extracted from the buffer storage in the reverse sequential order. This substantially relieves the computer of the processing of inputs and outputs of the peripheral unit. Such a channel is adapted for interconnecting computers and peripheral units operating at considerably different speeds.

Abstract: Apparatus for calculating the price of a measured length of material comprising a sensor for detecting the movement in either of two directions of a material having a length to be measured and a price per unit length. The unit price of the material is entered into the apparatus and a binary value related thereto is derived. Logic components responsive to the sensor determine the direction of material movement and provide a first signal representative of the distance the material moves in a forward direction and a second signal representative of the distance the material moves in a reverse direction. An output signal representing the total price of the measured length of material is provided in response to the first and second signals and the binary value derived from the unit price. A display responds to the output signal to indicate the total price of the measured length of material.

Abstract: An automatic piloting system for the automatic steering of a marine or other vessel along an intended course in which a digital signal representing an intended course is processed to provide rudder commands for steering the desired course.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for monitoring interruptions in each of two closed-circuit loops, which loops are laid in at least one cable. One end of each loop is connected, with the optional interposition of circuit elements, to one pole of a voltage source, the other end of each loop being connected, via a resistance network, to the other pole of the voltage source. Potentials derived from points in the resistance networks are used to directly control an electronic switching element which changes its conductivity state in the event of any interruption in at least one loop. Interruptions in the respective loops lead to a corresponding rise or fall in potential of the respective network whereby the electronic switching element is actuated.