Abstract: A laser radar device includes: a modulator (8) for causing a transmission seed light beam to branch, and giving different offset frequencies to a plurality of the transmission seed light beams having branched, and then modulating the plurality of transmission seed light beams into pulsed light beams and outputting the pulsed light beams, or for modulating the transmission seed light beam into a pulsed light beam, causing the pulsed light beam to branch, and giving the different offset frequencies to a plurality of the pulsed light beams having branched, and then outputting the plurality of pulsed light beams; a band pass filter (14) in which a frequency band including frequencies of signal components included in a plurality of beat signals detected by an optical heterodyne receiver (13) is set as a pass band and a frequency band not including the frequencies of the signal components is set as a cutoff band; and an ADC (15) for sampling the beat signals passing through the band pass filter (14) at a sampling f

Abstract: Provided is a high efficiency and high sensitivity particle capture type terahertz sensing system. The particle capture type terahertz sensing system includes a sensing substrate to capture particles, and a terahertz sensor to emit terahertz electromagnetic waves to the sensing substrate to sense the particles, wherein the sensing substrate includes a base substrate and a particle capture structure layer formed on the base substrate, the particle capture structure layer includes a plurality of slits for focusing the terahertz electromagnetic waves, the particle capture structure layer captures the particles in the plurality of slits using dielectrophoresis, and an area in which the terahertz electromagnetic waves converge to the plurality of slits matches an area in which the particles are captured in the plurality of slits through the dielectrophoresis.

Abstract: A sample inspection system and a corresponding method for inspecting a sample is provided. The sample inspection system includes a beam former, a beam modulator an energy resolving detector and a collimator. The beam former is adapted to receive an electromagnetic radiation from an electromagnetic source to generate a primary beam of electromagnetic radiation. The beam modulator is provided at a distance from the beam former to define a sample chamber. The collimator is provided between the beam modulator and the energy resolving detector. The collimator has a plurality of channels adapted to receive diffracted or scattered radiation. Upon incidence of the primary beam onto the beam modulator, the beam modulator provides a reference beam of diffracted or scattered radiation. The energy resolving detector is arranged to detect the reference beam.

Abstract: A component assembly for a LIDAR sensor including a stator; a rotor; a detector system having at least one first detector; and a first optical waveguide including an input and an output and light-conducting fibers, the first optical waveguide being situated inside the rotor and disposed so as to be able to rotate along with the rotor, and the first optical waveguide is developed to receive a first light beam coming from a surrounding area via the input at the light-conducting fibers and to guide them via the light-conducting fibers out of the output in the direction of the first detector.

Abstract: A method for determining porosity of a part is provided. The method includes: determining scan data of the part, the scan data including data of a plurality of sequential segments; determining a background model for the part, the scan data, or both; and determining a bulk porosity based on a difference between the scan data and the background model.

Abstract: A system and method for robust automatic control of an air-conditioning system in a vehicle includes at least one sensor configured to continuously capture technical driving parameters of the vehicle. The system has a computing unit configured to determine a current air quality from the captured technical driving parameters by way of a suitable algorithm. The system has a control unit configured to control the air-conditioning system in the vehicle, wherein the control of the air-conditioning system includes activating the recirculation circuit of the air-conditioning system and/or activating the fresh-air circuit of the air-conditioning system with reference to the determined air quality.

Abstract: Systems and methods for scatter correction of x-ray images are provided. A scatter image of an object can be corrected using partial-scatter free images acquired using an aperture plate. The plate is positioned between an object and a radiation detector and includes apertures in a grid. The original x-rays pass through the apertures and scattered x-rays can be blocked by the aperture plate. The aperture plate can be moved to different positions, allowing partial scatter-free images to be acquired at each position of the aperture plate. A full scatter-free image can be generated by combining partial scatter-free images. The scatter and scatter-free images can be further used to train scatter correction models.

Abstract: A system for directional detection of radiation, comprises a plurality of scintillating crystals, responsive to the radiation and being arranged three-dimensionally, with voids between adjacent crystals, such that there are crystals that are inner and crystals that are outer within the arrangement. The system also comprises a plurality of light sensors coupled to the crystals for receiving optical signals from the crystals and responsively generating electrical signals, and a data processor receiving an electrical signal separately from each light sensor and calculating a direction of the radiation based on relative intensities of the signals and mutual occultation among different crystals.

Abstract: A method for inspecting a preservation layer of a motor vehicle component during the manufacture of a motor vehicles. A preservation medium is applied having fluorescent additives to a component of the motor vehicle in a coating region. An inspection head having at least one camera and a UV light source is then caused to move adjacent to an inspection region that is a partial region of the coating region. The UV light source is the caused to emit radiating light onto the inspection region and the at least one camera is concurrently caused to record at least one image of the inspection region. An examination of the at least one recorded image is then conducted for a faulty coating with the preservation medium.

Abstract: An emitter of electromagnetic radiation is configured for modes of operation providing fields of illumination of different widths, and a photodetector is configured for time-of-flight and proximity measurements by detecting electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by the emitter and reflected to the photodetector. The emitter is operated by a driver, which is configured for an alternation between the modes of operation. A time-of-flight measurement is performed when the field of illumination is narrow, and a proximity or ambient light measurement is performed when the field of illumination is wide.

Abstract: A radiation imaging apparatus that obtains a radiation image by an energy subtraction method. Each pixel includes a conversion element that converts radiation into an electrical signal and a reset portion that resets the conversion element. Each pixel performs an operation of outputting a first signal corresponding to an electrical signal generated by the conversion element in a first period, and an operation of outputting a second signal corresponding to an electrical signal generated by the conversion element in the first period and a second period. Radiation having first energy is emitted in the first period, and radiation having second energy is emitted in the second period. In each pixel, the reset portion does not reset the conversion element during a period that includes the first period and the second period.

Abstract: A three-dimensional x-ray imaging system includes at least one detector and an x-ray source including an x-ray transmissive vacuum window. The x-ray source is configured to produce diverging x-rays emerging from the vacuum window and propagating along an x-ray propagation axis extending through a region of interest of an object to the at least one detector. The diverging x-rays have propagation paths within an angular divergence angle greater than 1 degree centered on the x-ray propagation axis. The system further includes at least one sample motion stage configured to rotate the object about a rotation axis. The system further includes a sample mount configured to hold the object and comprises a first portion in the propagation paths of at least some of the diverging x-rays and having an x-ray transmission greater than 30% for x-rays having energies greater than 50% of a maximum x-ray energy of an x-ray spectrum of the diverging x-rays.

Abstract: A method for measuring the thickness of coatings on a substrate of an aerospace component comprises illuminating a sample comprising the substrate of the aerospace component and a coating with light waves of varying wavelengths from a light source, receiving the light waves reflected by the sample at a light collector, diffracting the light waves into a plurality of component wavelengths with a grating, detecting the light intensities of the plurality of component wavelengths at a detector array, generating a reflectance spectral curve using the detected light intensities for each of the plurality of component wavelengths, calculating the thickness of the coating from the reflectance spectral curves of the component wavelengths.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems to optimize a radiation therapy treatment plan using dose distribution values predicted via a trained artificial intelligence model. A server trains the AI model using a training dataset comprising data associated with a plurality of previously implemented radiation therapy treatments on a plurality of previous patients and dose distributions associated with one or more organs of each previous patient. The server then executes the trained AI model to predict dose distribution for a patient. The server then displays a heat map illustrating the predicted values, transmits the predicted values to a plan optimizer to generate an optimized treatment plan for the patient, and/or transmits an alert when a treatment plan generated by a plan optimizer deviates from rules and thresholds indicated within the patient's plan objectives.

Abstract: An inertial electrostatic confinement fusion device has a body defining an internal vacuum chamber cavity, the chamber having attached a pump to evacuate atmosphere to vacuum conditions, the chamber further having attached a source to inject a nuclear fusion fuel at a metered rate, the chamber further having within it a plurality of electrodes connected to a high voltage alternating current power supply such that at least one pair of electrodes consistently have electrical charge of opposite polarity and of equal magnitude, the distance between them defining an electrode gap. The assembly acts to control the specific relationship between the electrode gap and the applied power, both frequency and voltage, to excite ions of the nuclear fuel enough to generate fusion but alternate the electrode polarity sufficiently to prevent the ions from completely traversing the electrode gap, preventing electrode bombardment.

Abstract: The present invention provides an X-ray diffraction measurement apparatus configured to measure properties of an object to be measured M based on X-ray diffraction generated by the object to be measured at an intersection position between an incident optical axis and outgoing optical axes, the X-ray diffraction measurement apparatus including: three slits of a linear shape through which X-rays pass and that are arranged so as to be inclined in an axial direction of the outgoing optical axis; a first two-dimensional detector and a second two-dimensional detector that detect the X-rays passing through the slits within a detection region; and a profile calculator that calculates diffraction profiles indicating intensities of the passing X-rays detected by the two-dimensional detectors, for each of the passing X-rays, thereby being capable of simultaneously obtaining measurement results relating to properties of a plurality of materials having different diffraction angles.

Abstract: A radiation therapy system includes an X-ray imaging system that is configured with a combined and simplified filter and collimator positioning mechanism. In addition, an X-ray imager of the RT system is only positioned at a few discrete locations within a plane that is a fixed distance from the imaging X-ray source when generating X-ray images. As a result, for each of these discrete imaging positions, the simplified filter and collimator positioning mechanism positions a specific collimator-filter combination in a specific location between the X-ray source and the imager.

Abstract: A device for optical distance measurement includes a light emitter configured to emit light to a target object; a light receiver configured to receive reflected light obtained after the light is emitted to the target object, wherein the light receiver comprises a lens and an array image sensor containing a photosensitive area which is divided into one or more photosensitive sub-areas configured to collect one or more light spots of the reflected light; and the light receiver is further configured to generate a response signal comprising position information of the one or more light spots of the reflected light; and a processor configured to receive the response signal generated by the light receiver and calculate, according to the position information of the light spots of the reflected light, a distance from the target object to the device for optical distance measurement by triangulation method.

Abstract: A light reception array unit receives light irradiated from an irradiation unit and reflected from an object, and outputs in parallel a pulse signal respectively output from a plurality of light reception units. A timer unit measures an elapsed time since an input of an irradiation timing signal. A response acquisition unit acquires a number of responses, which is a number of the light reception units outputting the pulse signal, at each fixed cycle timing, and outputs an adjusted number of responses obtained by subtracting a bias value from the number of responses or dividing the number of responses by the bias value. An address of a memory is associated with a timer value measured by the timer unit. A histogram generation unit integrates and stores, in a memory address specified from a timer value, the adjusted number of responses as data at that address.

Abstract: Systems and methods for scatter correction of x-ray images are provided. A scatter image of an object can be corrected using partial-scatter free images acquired using an aperture plate. The plate is positioned between an object and a radiation detector and includes apertures in a grid. The original x-rays pass through the apertures and scattered x-rays can be blocked by the aperture plate. The aperture plate can be moved to different positions, allowing partial scatter-free images to be acquired at each position of the aperture plate. A full scatter-free image can be generated by combining partial scatter-free images. The scatter and scatter-free images can be further used to train scatter correction models.