Abstract: A method for utilizing a Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) in an Ethernet network wherein a number of VLANs are defined and a plurality of Ethernet switching nodes (A, B, C D E, F,G H) are interconnected via their ports (A1, . . . ,H4) so that each of the ports is initially assigned to one or more VLANs, and each of the VLANs is intended to enable traffic between two or more edge ports (D3, B3). The method comprises a so-called pruning procedure initiated upon establishing a new STP topology (30) related to one or more VLANs. This procedure concerns a broadcast domain of at least one of the VLANs and is aimed at obtaining a sub-tree for each pruned VLAN in the new STP topology. The sub-tree is usually shrunk, bound by the edge ports assigned to the corresponding pruned VLAN, and thus eliminates broadcast traffic of the pruned VLAN to any Ethernet switch extending beyond the obtained sub-tree.

Abstract: A method of supporting reactivation of service instances in a dormant session. A wireless device (102) sends an Origination or Reconnect message to a Base Station (104) requesting reactivation of one, all or some of its dormant service instances. The request includes a SYNC_ID previously assigned by the BS. The Base Station sends a message to a Packet Control Function (106) requesting stored service configuration information. The Packet Control Function responds with the requested information and channel resources are allocated for each service instance supported for the session.

Abstract: A separating device and method and a signal receiving device and method are presented. The separating device and method receive plural data streams and then separate and extract at least a portion of data from the received data streams. The signal receiving device and method receive plural data streams and then select, separate and extract at least a portion of the data from the data streams. Then the signal receiving device and method apply signal processing to the portion of the data that has been selected, separated and extracted.

Abstract: An access point for a wireless wide area network might receive a request from a wireless device to establish a session on the wireless wide area network. In response, the access point might establish a circuit switched uplink channel and a packet switched downlink channel for communications with the wireless device during the session. The access point might communicate with other wireless devices in this manner as well. Additionally, the access point might employ power control methods for the circuit switched uplink channels, and it might employ rate control methods for the packet switched downlink channels.

Abstract: In a compressed mode, a spread spectrum communication device interleaves bit units across multiple frames using an interleaver, reduces the spreading factor using a framing/spreading unit, outputs the compressed mode frames at a predetermined compressed mode frame timing, and increases the average transmission power in the compressed mode at a radio frequency transmitter. Furthermore, a handover between different frequencies is carried out by establishing synchronization to another frequency carrier, based on a first search code and a second search code which have been detected, and moreover, a handover between different communication systems is carried out by establishing synchronization to a GSM, based on an FCCH and a SCH which have been detected.

Abstract: A packet communication system is disclosed that includes an end communication device, a call processing system, and a packet network. To setup up a call from an end user, the end communication device transmits a call request message to the call processing system. The call request message has a header that includes priority information for the call. The call processing system processes the priority information in the header of the call request message to determine if the call request message is for a high priority call. If the call request message is not for a high priority call and the call processing system is in a state of congestion, then the call processing system transmits a response message indicating the state of congestion. Responsive to receiving the response message, the end communication device performs call blocking and provides call treatment to the end user.

Abstract: A transmitter, a communication system, and a communication method of the same capable of realizing communication of more than a set bandwidth with respect to packet communication with a bandwidth guarantee set therefor by using the set bandwidth as the minimum guaranteed bandwidth, wherein when a transmitter transmits packet data, it decides whether or not packet communication guarantees a bandwidth based on a guaranteed bandwidth set in advance and, when guaranteeing the bandwidth, adds a first identifier to the packet data, while when not guaranteeing the bandwidth, adds a second identifier to the packet data and transmits the same to the network and wherein a relay unit connected to the network decides, in accordance with identifiers registered in advance and guaranteed bandwidths corresponding to same, whether or not the received packet data are bandwidth guaranteed, adds the first or second identifier to the packet data in accordance with the result of the decision, and transfers them to the next relay u

Abstract: Data communication optimization is disclosed. In a method, when data transmission is requested, an outgoing data unit is prepared with dummy payload data. In a method, when data reception is requested, the header and validation information from an incoming data unit is provided while the payload of the data unit is ignored. The methods cause an increase in the throughput of a network card when transmitting and/or receiving a data units having a large payload. The methods may be achieved on a hardware device included on a board in a network testing system and/or with associated software.

Abstract: A controlling method and device for data transmission including the steps of providing a system bus for connecting a first transmission channel and a second transmission channel with a command processor, adjusting a transmitting direction of the system bus according to a transmitting direction of the second transmission channel, and proceeding the data processing procedures of the second transmission channel, wherein parts of data processing procedures of the first transmission channel will last during a interval between the system bus adjusting the transmitting direction and the data processing procedures of the second transmission channel start on. The present invention ensure that the independence between every data caching and processing reduces the times of flushing the cached data from the data transmission channel and re-seeking through the source, shortening the transmission time, increasing facileness and improving the efficiency of the data transmission.

Abstract: Embodiments of a system and method of providing broadband telecommunication services over a packet-switched network enable enhanced personalization. A mobile terminal is registered in a first remote environment, where the mobile terminal has a home environment and a home service capability. The telecommunication services are provided to the mobile terminal in the first remote environment in accordance with the home service capability.

Abstract: A wireless local area network for digital radio communication between remote devices and a PBX telephone system, wherein the remote devices can access and use the voice message features in the PBX and the data bases on a host computer and servers. A wireless phone is provided for voice and data communication through the PBX or a CO telephone line with remote locations or the Internet using digital data packets and standard Internet Protocol. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the remote device is a cash register comprising a bar code scanner and a phone. Radio communication between the register and a host computer is carried out over two channels, a first channel for data communication and a second channel for voice communication.

Abstract: A framework and method for quality of service (QoS) aware resource discovery in mobile ad hoc networks are presented. Self-organized discovery agents manage the directory information that describes the network resources available for use by clients. In one embodiment, hash indexing of available resources is utilized. The discovery agents also partition the network into domains and collect intra- and inter-domain QoS information. This information is used to allow clients to select appropriate resource providers. This framework and method has low discovery latency and cost in terms of the number of packets for each resource discovery query.

Abstract: A distributed Link-State Routing Protocol (LSRP) system in a packet switch having external communication ports has a first card executing Update process of the LSRP, making database updates, a second card executing Decision process(Shortest Path First (SPF)) of the LSRP, and a communication fabric coupling the cards with each other and the external ports. The LSRP may be an IS-IS system. In some embodiments there are additional cards involved, and the distribution of Link-State functions is over a set of multiple cards. Also in some embodiments there is a Location Service (LS) controller monitoring and configuring cards in the system.

Abstract: Techniques for network routing and design are provided. A technique for determining a route for a demand in a network, wherein the network comprises primary paths and secondary paths, and at least two secondary paths may share a given link, comprises the following steps/operations. First, a graph representing the network is transformed. Edges of the graph represent channels associated with paths and nodes of the graph represent nodes of the network. The transformation is performed such that costs associated with the edges reflect costs of using channels in secondary paths. Then, the shortest path between nodes corresponding to the demand is found in the transformed graph. The shortest path represents the least-cost path in the network over which the demand may be routed. When the above route determination steps/operations result in a path with at least one loop, an alternative routing process may be executed so as to determine a loopless path for the demand.

Abstract: A transmitter, a communication system, and a communication method capable of realizing communication of more than a set bandwidth with respect to a packet communication with a bandwidth guarantee set therefore by using a set bandwidth as the minimum guaranteed bandwidth, wherein when a transmitter transmits packet data, it decides whether or not packet communication guarantees a bandwidth based on a guaranteed bandwidth set in advance, and adds a first identifier to the packet data when guaranteeing bandwidth, and adds a second identifier when not guaranteeing the bandwidth.

Abstract: A method for pricing wireless communications services on a wireless network is described. A selection of a plurality of priorities available for transmitting a wireless communication transaction on a wireless network is provided, wherein the priority to be selected corresponds to the speed and allowable delay by which the transaction is to be transmitted. Transactions of lower priority are temporarily discontinued in favor of higher priority transactions when network capacity reaches a predetermined level. An amount is charged for the wireless communication transaction at a price corresponding to the priority and duration to be selected.

Abstract: A method and system for representing a low-order connection and a high-order connection as a single circuit are disclosed. The method includes creating a low-order listener object and a low/high listener object at each end point of the low-order connection and creating a high-order listener object at each end point of the high-order connection. The low/high listener objects are matched with the high-order listener objects to create a link and represent the connections as a single circuit.

Abstract: An improved group-based routing update technique allows limited per neighbor customization of routing update messages generated by an interdomain router for its neighboring peer routers within autonomous systems of a computer network. The technique may be employed when the neighboring peer routers share identical routing policies, but the routing update messages differ only in certain attributes with known locations and lengths. Appropriate values of the location and length attributes for each neighboring router are calculated and stored during a replication stage of the improved technique. Before each message is transmitted, the proper location and length attributes of the message are updated with the stored values for the respective neighbor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for calculating a routing cost or a hop count of a mobile IP (Internet Protocol) in an IP network. The IP network can communicate with the MN having a mobile IP and includes a plurality of access routers. If the MN moves to a new access router, the MN generates a distance measurement request message and transmits the generated distance measurement request message to an access router serving as a regional anchor point (RAP) of the MN. Upon receiving the distance measurement request message, the access router serving as the RAP generates an acknowledgement message having an initial hop limit field value and a hop limit value, and transmits the acknowledgement message. The MN calculates a hop count using the initial hop limit field value and the hop limit value.

Abstract: A resource allocation of multiple compressed AV streams delivered over the Internet is disclosed that achieves end-to-end optimal quality through a multimedia streaming TCP-friendly transport (MSTFP) protocol that adaptively estimates the network bandwidth while smoothing the sending rate. Resources allocated dynamically according to a media encoding distortion and network degradation algorithm. A scheme is also disclosed for dynamically estimating the available network bandwidth for streaming of objects, such as MPEG4 multiple video objects, in conjunction with the MSTFP protocol. The scheme can account for packet-loss rates to minimize end-to-end distortion for media delivery.