Abstract: This invention provides a method for killing fungal cells without lysing in fermentation processes in order to prepare the fermentation mixture for processing to recover or extract an extracellularly expressed enzyme from the fermentation mixture. A preferred method of this invention comprises adjusting the pH of the fermentation mixture to less than 2.79 using a mineral acid, then adding sufficient acetic acid to the mixture to affect a substantially complete cell kill in mixture. A salt of the acetic acid can be used. The organic acid or salt can be added, then the pH adjusted to the desired level. Other organic acids can be used, in which case the pH of the mixture is adjusted to the pK.sub.a of the selected organic acid before the organic acid is added to the mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel microorganism strain Lactobacillus casei ssp. rhamnosus LC-705, DSM 7061, having a yeast and mold controlling effect, to bacterial preparations comprising this strain, alone or in combination with a bacterium of the genus Propionibacterium or another strain of the bacterium Lactobacillus casei and/or with conventional agents used for yeast and mold control. The invention also relates to the use of said strain and said bacterial preparations for yeast and mold control and to a method for controlling the growth of yeasts and molds using a bacterial preparation comprising said strain.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition and method for the topical treatment of skin damage, including injury caused by toxins, radiation, and aging. The composition of the present invention employs a combination of a carrier, a ubiquinone, and vitamins A and E to provide a balm of various desired consistencies. The balm of the present invention can be applied directly to a site of skin damage, thus avoiding waste of expensive active ingredients and possible off-site toxicity. The present invention has proven highly effective in treating a wide variety of skin damage, including trauma, discoloration, dryness, loss of elasticity, wrinkles, and periodontal disorders.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing L-threonine, which comprises culturing an L-threonine-producing microorganism belonging to the genus Escherichia and having a resistance to at least one of L-phenylalanine and L-leucine in a medium until L-threonine is produced and accumulated in the culture, and recovering L-threonine therefrom.

Abstract: A process for producing ethanol from mixed sugar streams from pretreated biomass comprising xylose and cellulose using enzymes to convert these substrates to fermentable sugars; selecting and isolating a yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe ATCC No. 2476, having the ability to ferment these sugars as they are being formed to produce ethanol; loading the substrates with the fermentation mix composed of yeast, enzymes and substrates; fermenting the loaded substrates and enzymes under anaerobic conditions at a pH range of between about 5.0 to about 6.0 and at a temperature range of between about 35.degree. C. to about 40.degree. C. until the fermentation is completed, the xylose being isomerized to xylulose, the cellulose being converted to glucose, and these sugars being concurrently converted to ethanol by yeast through means of the anaerobic fermentation; and recovering the ethanol.

Abstract: A method for increasing .beta.-tyrosinase activity in Erwinia herbicola is disclosed. The activity is increased by culturing the microorganism until it reaches stationary phase and maintaining the stationary phase for a period of 6 to 24 hours while maintaining the pH between 7.0 and 8.3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing trans-L-hydroxyproline, which comprises culturing a microorganism which is capable of decomposing amino acids other than trans-L-hydroxyproline but which is substantially incapable of decomposing trans-L-hydroxyproline in a culture medium containing collagen hydrolyzate, and recovering trans-L-hydroxyproline from the resulting culture.The process enhances the content of trans-L-hydroxyproline based on the total weight of amino acids contained in collagen hydrolyzate, and enables efficient production of trans-L-hydroxyproline which is useful as a starting material for the synthesis of medicines.

Abstract: A method for the prevention of adhesions to body organs and parts of organs caused by therapeutic intervention by applying a pharmaceutical composition of tissue plasminogen activator and an aqueous hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel.

Abstract: Novel yeast extracts from Candida utilis which can be used as flavor enhancers and emulsifiers are disclosed. One flavor enhancing extract and one emulsifying extract is derived from raw Candida utilis; one flavor enhancing extract and one emulsifying extract is derived from pasteurized Candida utilis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing L-isoleucine which comprises culturing in a medium a microorganism belonging to the genus Escherichia and having resistance to an isoleucine analogue and either ethionine or argonine hydroxamate and an ability to produce L-isoleucine until L-isoleucine is accumulated in the culture, and recovering L-isoleucine therefrom.

Abstract: A process for producing L-lysine, which comprises culturing a mutant L-lysine-producing strain belonging to the genus Brevibacterium or the genus Corynebacterium and having selenalysine resistance in a nutrient medium, producing and accumulating L-lysine in the culture broth and collecting L-lysine from the culture broth.

Abstract: An isolated pure culture of a strain of Phaffia rhodozyma which produces astaxanthin in an amount of at least 600 .mu.g per g Phaffla rhodozyma dry matter, as determined by HPLC analysis.

Abstract: A diploid hybrid bakers' yeast belonging to Saccharomyces cerevisiae having at least strong fermentative ability of non-sugar bread dough and strong freeze-resistance and frozen bread dough containing the same are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns a system for combining the reforestation of cleared land with a bee pasture, mass production of honey, and fermentation of honey for the distillation of fuel alcohol to obtain a renewable source of clean, efficient energy.

Abstract: A group N Lactococcus which produces two or more bacteriocins from different Lactococcus are described. Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis 18922 with DNA encoding two bacteriocins from different Lactococcus is particularly disclosed for use in foods to inhibit Lactobacillus casei and other food contaminants. Bacteriocin containing compositions, bacterial mixtures and method of use in foods are also described.

Abstract: A fermentation level cultivation of Bordetella pertussis bacteria on commercial scale is described. The critical factors in large scale cultivation of the bacteria are the presence of an antifoam agent and maintaining proper oxygen level and iron content in the culture medium. Pertussis toxin produced by the bacteria parallels the rate of growth of the bacteria.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for making an inactivated vaccine of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by inactivating the bacteria with Thimerosal. The resulting bacterin is mixed with an adjuvant of aluminum hydroxide and DEAE dextran and injected into pigs. The resulting bacterin and adjuvant mixture can also be mixed with other bacteria such as Borderella and Pasteurella, for further adjuvant effect. Protective immunity against mycoplasmal pneumonia is elicited in swine using these vaccines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved methods for producing L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine from catechol, pyruvic acid and ammonium ion, or catechol and L-serine, by utilizing .beta.-tyrosinase activity of a microorganism which belongs to the genus Erwinia. According to the method of the present invention, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine can be produced at a lower cost and higher efficiency as compared with that in the conventional method.

Abstract: A process for producing an NADH oxidase which comprises culturing alkalophilic, facultative anaerobic NADH oxidase-producing bacteria having the optimum growth pH in an alkaline region in medium and collecting said NADH oxidase from the culture; and a plasmid used for the said process.

Abstract: A new Yeast is obtained by fusion of spheroplasts capable of maintaining in a single geno-type the demalifying trait of a Schizosaccharomyces pombe parental strain and the growth rate of the parental strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three more yeasts are obtained from protoplast fusion between the fusion product initially obtained (MB7TC.alpha.) and the parental strain, and two other Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts. These yeasts are used for obtaining demalification of acid wines.