Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for PET imaging. The system may include a first device and a second device. The first device may include a first scanning channel. The second device may include a second scanning channel connected to the first scanning channel, a heat generating component, and a cooling assembly configured to cool the heat generating component, wherein the cooling assembly may include an inlet chamber and a return chamber, the heat generating component may be closer to a first side of the second device than at least one of the inlet chamber or the return chamber, and the first side of the second device may face the first device.

Abstract: A method for operating an EUV lithography apparatus (1) with at least one vacuum housing (27) for at least one reflective optical element (12) includes operating the EUV lithography apparatus in an exposure operating mode (B), in which EUV radiation (5) is radiated into the vacuum housing, wherein a reducing plasma is generated at a surface (12a) of the reflective optical element in response to an interaction of the EUV radiation with a residual gas present in the vacuum housing. After an exposure pause, in which no EUV radiation is radiated into the vacuum housing, and before renewed operation of the EUV lithography apparatus in the exposure operating mode (B), the EUV lithography apparatus is operated in a recovery operating mode, in which oxidized contaminants at the surface of the reflective optical element are reduced in order to recover a transmission of the EUV lithography apparatus before the exposure pause.

Abstract: Systems for plant culture include a chamber featuring one or more walls enclosing a spatial volume internal to the chamber, where the one or more walls include a surface for supporting a plant within the enclosed spatial volume, a gas delivery apparatus with at least one gas source, a nutrient delivery apparatus with a reservoir, a sampling apparatus connected to a port formed in the one or more walls, and a controller configured so that during operation of the system, the controller activates the nutrient delivery apparatus to deliver an aqueous growth medium to the plant, and activates the gas delivery apparatus to deliver into the enclosed spatial volume a mixture of isotopically-substituted gases. Also provided are methods of use of the system for measuring nitrogen in a plant and for identifying microbes capable of providing fixed nitrogen to a plant.

Abstract: A device for detecting infrared radiation, includes at least one pixel having an axis in a direction Z, the pixel comprising a first absorbent planar structure comprising at least one semiconductor layer. The composition of the materials used to produce the at least one layer of the first absorbent planar structure is chosen such that: the first absorbent planar structure has an effective valence band formed by a plurality of energy levels. Each energy level is occupied by one of: a first type of positive charge carrier, called heavy holes, having a first effective mass; or a second type of positive charge carrier, called light holes, having a second effective mass strictly less than the first effective mass. The maximum energy level of the effective valence band is occupied by light holes along the axis of the pixel.

Abstract: A device may receive an X-ray image captured by a C-arm CBCT device at a particular position defined by a six-degree of freedom pose relative to an anatomy, and may process the X-ray image, with a machine learning model, to determine a predicted quality of next possible X-ray images provided by the C-arm CBCT device. The device may utilize the machine learning model, to identify a particular X-ray image, of the next possible X-ray images, with a greatest predicted quality and to update the six-degree of freedom pose based on the particular X-ray image. The device may provide, to the C-arm CBCT device, data that identifies the updated six-degree of freedom pose to cause the C-arm CBCT device to adjust to a new position based on the updated six-degree of freedom pose.

Abstract: An infrared sensor cover includes a decorative layer, a transparent first base, and a transparent second base. The decorative layer includes a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The first base is made of a resin molded body and disposed on the first surface of the decorative layer. The second base is made of a resin molded body and disposed on the second surface of the decorative layer. An absolute value of a difference between refractive indices of a first resin material of the first base and a second resin material of the second base is less than or equal to 0.05. An absolute value of a difference between heat deflection temperatures of the first resin material and the second resin material is greater than or equal to 15 degrees.

Abstract: A 3D X-ray device including an X-ray detector, an X-ray source and a computer. The X-ray detector and the X-ray source are moved about an object volume to be recorded on movement paths with a rotation of at least 185°. A number of X-ray projection images are recorded from different directions. X-rays irradiate the object volume in one of the irradiation directions and are captured by the detector. A 3D X-ray image of the object volume is calculated from the recorded X-ray projection images by a reconstruction method. The X-ray detector is arranged asymmetrically relative to a central axis through a center of rotation of the 3D X-ray device. A first fan beam and an opposite second fan beam rotated 180° form an overlap region. At least one X-ray filter is placed between the X-ray source and the object volume for attenuating an X-ray dose inside the overlap region.

Abstract: A power sensor system for monitoring a subcritical neutron generator is provided. The power sensor system comprises a self-powered sensor insert. The self-powered sensor insert comprises an insert thimble and a detector assembly. The insert thimble includes an outer housing, a power generator configured to produce an electrical power based on an incident radiation and a first electrical interface electrically connected to the power generator. The detector assembly includes a solid state radiation detector able to provide a detector signal directly proportional to a neutron flux level, a transmitter configured to wirelessly output a transmitter signal based on the detector signal and a second electrical interface configured to electrically couple to the first electrical interface. A power monitor system comprising a power sensor system and a control system and a method for optimizing a subcritical neutron generator are also provided.

Abstract: A longitudinal-positioning indicator, improved marking grid, and a method of use. The longitudinal-positioning indicator includes a substrate that has a first side on which a set of longitudinal-positioning guidelines are disposed, the set of longitudinal-positioning guidelines configured to indicate a position along a length of the longitudinal-positioning guidelines based on a cross-section of the longitudinal-positioning indicator taken substantially orthogonally to the set of longitudinal-positioning guidelines. The substrate also has a second side that is at least partially coated with an adhesive.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for determining the structure of a target substance contained in a multicomponent sample. The present invention provides a method of determining the structure of a target substance contained in a mixture of two or more substances, wherein the method includes the steps of: isolating the target substance from the mixture by means of supercritical fluid chromatography, soaking the isolated target substance into a crystalline sponge to produce a sample for crystallography, and performing a crystallographic analysis on the sample for crystallography. A volatile solvent can be used as a mobile phase in the supercritical fluid chromatography.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion panel includes multiple thin-film transistors (TFTs) formed on an substrate, photodiodes respectively connected to the TFTs, and a metal layer formed on a light incident side of the photodiodes. The metal layer is formed in a position to overlap a subset of the photodiodes in a plan view.

Abstract: A system and method for generating a computed tomography (CT) image of an object includes establishing a narrow-spectrum high-energy bin and other bins with wider-spectrum and lower-energies and acquiring a first dataset using the narrow-spectrum high-energy bin. The method also includes acquiring second or more datasets using the wide-spectrum, low-energy bins, reducing data attributable to scatter from the second or more datasets using the first dataset to create reduced-scatter datasets, and reconstructing CT images of the object from the reduced-scatter datasets.

Abstract: An imaging support device used in a radiography apparatus including a radiation source and a radiation image detector that detects a radiation image of a subject on the basis of radiation emitted from the radiation source and transmitted through the subject includes an optical camera that outputs an optical image by optically imaging a region including an irradiation field of the radiation applied to the subject from the radiation source, and at least one processor, in which the processor associates the optical image acquired by the optical camera with the radiation image on the basis of a timing signal transmitted from the radiation image detector side.

Abstract: A system for tracking an instrument during a procedure on a patient is provided. The system includes a rotatable gantry, an x-ray imaging device, a processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor is configured to: generate a three dimensional (3D) image based on a plurality of initial x-ray projections taken at a plurality of projection angles; generate an annotated 3D image of the 3D image including annotations of the target location and at least one planned instrument path on the 3D image; generate a plurality of two dimensional (2D) annotations based on the annotated 3D image at each projection angle; superimpose each 2D annotation onto the initial x-ray projection of the corresponding projection angle; obtain a plurality of subsequent x-ray projections of the patient at the plurality of projection angles; and co-register each subsequent x-ray projection with a corresponding annotated initial x-ray projection for each projection angle.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for personalized treatment of individual patient tumors. A computer software configured to integrate with a radiation therapy treatment planning system is presented. The computer software is configured to: assign a radiation sensitivity index (RSI) of a subject's tumor based at least in part on expression levels of one or more signature genes in the tumor; calculate a recommended personalized radiation dosage (RxRSI) for the subject based at least in part on a pre-determined genomic adjusted radiation dose (GARD) value and the RSI; and provide, to the radiation therapy treatment planning system, the recommended RxRSI as a radiation therapy dose for a radiation plan.

Abstract: Evaluating the performance of an X-ray tube by: recording arcing events that occurred during the use of the X-ray tube; classifying the arcing events by severity; generating, on the basis of the classified arcing events, a first growth pattern for occurrences of arcing events; and determining a level of bubbles in the X-ray tube by finding, on the basis of the first growth pattern, a matching second growth pattern associated with a known level of bubbles in the X-ray tube. An X-ray tube may be checked and replaced in a timely manner, without the need for an on-site inspection, by remotely predicting trends or patterns for growth of levels of bubbles in the X-ray tube.

Abstract: An operation image positioning method is disclosed. A point-cloud camera captures a point-cloud image of first and second positioning marks respectively fixed on a treated portion and an X-ray imaging machine. The first and second positioning marks within the point-cloud image are recognized to compute a first conversion module between the point-cloud camera and the treated portion and a second conversion module between the point-cloud camera and the X-ray imaging machine, thereby computing a third conversion module between the treated portion and the X-ray imaging machine. An image positioning camera captures a positioning image of the first positioning mark. The first positioning mark within the positioning image is recognized to compute a fourth conversion module between the image positioning camera and the treated portion. A fifth conversion module between the image positioning camera and the X-ray imaging machine is computed according to the third and fourth conversion modules.

Abstract: The electron gun is provided with a first anode electrode and a second anode electrode to generate an acceleration and deceleration electric field. A lens electric field makes it possible to irradiate a sample with an electron beam emitted from a part outside an optical axis of the photoelectric film without being blocked by a differential exhaust diaphragm. A wide range of electron beams off-optical axis can be used even in a high-brightness photocathode that requires high vacuum. As a result, the photoelectric film and the electron gun can be extended in life, can be stabilized, and can be increased in brightness. Further, it is possible to facilitate a control of emitting electron beams from a plurality of positions on the photoelectric film, a timing control of emitting electron beams from a plurality of positions, a condition control of an electron beam in an electron microscope using electron beams.

Abstract: Epoxy-based inline infrared (IR) filter assembly, and manufacture and use of the same. Co-axial infrared filter assemblies comprise a substantially cylindrical filter body forming a central cavity characterized by opposing holes at each end. The filter body forms an outer conductor, and SMA connectors coupled to the opposing holes at each end of the body are electrically coupled to form an inner conductor positioned along a long axis of the filter body. An infrared absorbing material (such as castable epoxy resin) fills the central cavity of the filter body. Methods for producing the co-axial infrared filter include pressing SMA connectors into the respective ends of the filter body, electrically coupling the SMA connectors, and filling the filter body with epoxy. Electronic systems for operating a dark matter detector include a feedline comprising a coaxial filter configured to advantageously block infrared noise.

Abstract: An optical detection system for a capillary electrophoresis instrument is disclosed. The optical detection system comprises an ultraviolet (UV) source and an absorption measurement optical path. The optical path comprises a first plurality of optical elements comprising a first optical fiber array and other elements. The first plurality of optical elements are arranged to obtain a plurality of respective UV beamlets from a UV beam emitted by the UV source and to direct, at least partially using the first optical fiber array, the respective UV beamlets through respective capillaries of a plurality of capillaries and to an absorption detector positioned to detect respective signals for use in obtaining respective UV absorption measurements corresponding to the respective capillaries.