Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating mineral-bearing ores and, more particularly, for treating particulate ores containing precious metals, base metals and the like for separating and recovering said values by classifying the particulate ore on a bed of particulate material, preferably coarse particulate material, and by continuously chemically leaching the said values from the ore. In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, particulated ore is fluidized and intermittently moved through a tank to classify the ore particles into strata according to size, shape and density to beneficiate values, either heavier or lighter than the gangue, for recovery of concentrated values.

Abstract: A tundish baffle having a plurality of fluted openings is provided. The fluted openings interrupt and remove inclusions from molten metal passing through the baffle, using a plurality of obstructive peaks and valleys located at the perimeters of the openings. The fluted openings also include central portions which are not obstructed by the flutes, through which molten metal can flow in a regular fashion.

Abstract: In a method of producing iron and steel, from iron ores largely composed of iron oxides, wherein a direct reduction process is used to produce a solid particulate intermediate product, generally known as sponge iron or Direct Reduced Iron (DRI); pneumatically conveying the DRI in a closed pipe from the reduction reactor of the direct reduction process to the metallurgical furnaces where liquid iron or steel are produced, for example electric arc furnaces, induction furnaces, basic oxygen furnaces, etc. or to a briquetting press to form DRI briquettes, or simply to a silo or storage bin, or in general to a subsequent processing step for said DRI. When the carrier gas is recirculated for reuse, surprisingly air is preferred as the source of such gas, especially for reactive hot DRI. This method has a superior efficiency and productivity and reduces the overall energy consumption relative to currently used DRI steelmaking plants.

Abstract: A method of recovering an aluminum alloy and a stainless steel alloy from an air bag inflator 10 that has aluminum alloy parts, including an aluminum alloy housing 12 and non-aluminum alloy parts, including a non-aluminum gas filter 18. The non-aluminum parts have a higher melting temperature than the aluminum alloy parts of the air bag inflator 10. The method comprises heating the air bag inflator 10 in the range of the melting temperature of aluminum and then recovering the aluminum alloy which is not contaminated with the material of the higher melting temperature parts. After the aluminum alloy has melted from the air bag inflator 10, the non-aluminum parts are heated to a higher temperature to melt any stainless steel alloy from the non-aluminum parts. The stainless steel alloy is recovered as a high purity stainless steel alloy end product.

Abstract: The conventional operation of a cokeless cupola furnace has a requirement for a low volume of slag to be produced, because of the fact that there is no ash from coke to remove from the charge, and the fact that flux added to the charge to form slag eats away at the furnace lining, and at the bed of refractory spheres. Running the furnace at low slag volumes makes the slag thick and can cause blockage of the slagging and tapping box. The invention adds more flux materials than is conventional, preferably including silica in the form of broken bottles, so as to deliberately increase the volume of slag, improving the flow. Care must be taken not to add too much slag-forming materials.

Abstract: A high strength, high toughness stainless steel consisting, by weight, of C more than 0.16% but less than 0.25%, Si not more than 2.0%, Mn not more than 1.0%, Ni not more than 2.0%, Cr from 11 to 15%, Mo not less than 0.5% but less than 3.0%, Co from 12 to 21%, at least one kind selected from the group consisting of V from 0.1 to 0.5% and Nb less than 0.1% which at least one kind is added as occasion demands, and the balance Fe and incidental impurities. This steel is produced by a method comprising the steps of: preparing a stainless steel having the composition of any one of the claims 1 to 4; subjecting the stainless steel to a solution heat treatment at a temperature of 950.degree. to 1150.degree. C.; quenching the steel; subjecting the steel to a sub zero treatment at a temperature of -50 to -100.degree. C.; and subjecting the steel to a tempering at a temperature of 120.degree. to 450.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention relates to the extraction of metal values from metal bearing ores. More specifically, according to the invention, in a process for extracting metal values from metal bearing ores, there is provided a method of enhancing metal value recovery from the ore. The method comprises introducing, upstream of a metal recovery section 26, a gaseous or liquid agent capable of promoting recovery of the metal values from the ore, into the gland service water from at least one of the pumps 30. The introduction of the gaseous or liquid agent is by means of an arrangement 35. The agent may be oxygen.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and apparatus whereby steel of various compositions may be produced from iron ore and coal through a series of stages without the intermediate production of liquid iron. A reforming reactor receives top gases from the steel making reactors, and converts them to high reduction potential gases which are returned to the steel making reactors. The iron ore and reductants, such as coal, are charged to a controlled atmosphere reactor which may be an inclined rotary cylindrical shaft. From the controlled atmosphere reactor the charge is moved to a potential shift reactor which is inclined or vertical and encounters increasing heat and rising gases for converting the carbonized sponge into a semi-molten state. The charge then passes to a high temperature reactor where it encounters the reducing gases from the reforming reactor and preheated oxygen to create temperature in which steel is made.

Abstract: A process for recovering zinc/rich and iron-rich fractions from the baghouse dust that is generated in various metallurgical operations, especially in steel-making and other iron-making plants, comprises the steps of leaching the dust by hot concentrated sulfuric acid so as to generate dissolved zinc sulfate and a precipitate of iron sulfate, separating the precipitate from the acid by filtration and washing with a volatile liquid, such as methanol or acetone, and collecting the filtered acid and the washings into a filtrate fraction. The volatile liquid may be recovered distillation, and the zinc may be removed from the filtrate by alternative methods, one of which involves addition of a sufficient amount of water to precipitate hydrated zinc sulfate at 10.degree. C., separation of the precipitate from sulfuric acid by filtration, and evaporation of water to regenerate concentrated sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A low melting (liquidus temperature <570.degree. C.) rapidly solidified brazing alloy consists essentially of about 14 to 52 weight percent germanium, 0 to 10 weight percent of at least one element selected from the group consisting of silicon, magnesium, bismuth, strontium, lithium, copper, calcium, zinc and tin, the balance being aluminum and incidental impurities. The alloy has the form of a foil and can be used to braze non-heat-treatable rapidly solidified Al-Fe-Si-V alloy foil, sheet plate and tubing to components such as deicing duct, overduct, radiator, heat exchanger, evaporator, honeycomb panel for elevated temperature applications.

Abstract: Nickel ion contained in a ferric chloride waste liquid is recovered as metallic nickel by the following method. Firstly, the ferric chloride waste liquid is added with metallic iron and then heated and stirred to precipitate the metallic nickel. Thereafter the sludge containing this metallic nickel precipitate and the suspension are separated. Then, after the ferric chloride waste liquid is poured into the sludge and then heated and stirred so as to dissolve an iron constituent of the sludge and react it with the ferric chloride waste liquid, the suspension and the sludge are separated. After that, the sludge after the concentration process is taken out.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for refining crude magnesium, and, in particular, the magnesium obtained by reducing the magnesium ore using iron-silicon.The process consists in treating the liquid magnesium with a metallic sulphide such as iron monosulphide, iron bisulphide or molybdenum bisulphide.The sulphides are contacted with the metallic bath which is agitated to promote the liquid-solid reactions and the formation of insoluble products which precipitate.This contacting is followed by decantation of the insoluble products and their separation from the refined magnesium.The process permits a significant reduction in the contents of calcium and silicon.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for high temperature treatment of particulate metal ore concentrate solids with a cyclone having a tangentially positioned burner directing a jet flame into the cyclone, an ore injecting nozzle positioned to inject a stream of ore with oxygen containing gas into the jet flame of the burner at a location at least one-third of the travel of the flame and into the hottest region thereof so that the particles are melted and do not abrasively impact the walls of the cyclone in an unmelted stage.

Abstract: An Al alloy extrusion material for the fuel-distributing pipe of automobile, consisting essentially of 0.3 to 1.0 wt. % of Si, 0.1 to 0.5 wt. % of Cu, 0.6 to 1.5 wt. % of Mg, 0.3 to 1.0 wt. % of Sn, 0.005 to 0.03 wt. % of Ti and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities and having uniformly dispersed Sn compounds with particle diameter of not more than 20 .mu.m and density of 20 to 700 grains/mm.sup.2 in the section perpendicular to the extrusion direction of material is disclosed, which is excellent in the chip separation property and the precision of cut face on cutting.

Abstract: Shaped articles are produced from foam metal by a procedure wherein the foam is formed by heating a composite of a metal matrix and finely divided solid stabilizer particles above the solidus temperature of the metal matrix and discharging gas bubbles into the molten metal composite below the surface thereof to thereby form a stabilized liquid foam on the surface of the molten metal composite. According to the novel feature the stabilized metal foam in liquid form is shape cast by being pressed into a mould and permitted to cool and solidify. The density of the cast part is essentially unchanged from that of the starting liquid foam.

Abstract: A process for recovering valuable metals from an iron dust using a shaft furnace is disclosed. The iron dust is agglomerated and supplied into a the shaft furnace together with a lump coke and a flux. Valuable metal oxides contained in the iron dust are reduced in this shaft furnace. Volatile metals containing zinc and lead among the valuable metals thus reduced are volatilized within the shaft furnace and reoxidized, and then discharged from the shaft furnace together with an exhaust gas so as to be recovered as a crude zinc oxide. The reduced metal iron and slag are accumulated on a bottom portion of the shaft furnace in their molten states, and then separated and recovered.

Abstract: A new environmentally safe fire refining precious metal assay method is provided wherein bismuth oxide is used with a special flux composition as the precious metal collector and the cupelling procedure is performed in a controlled temperature range.

Abstract: Mercury is often removed as an impurity from process fluid streams by adsorption in fixed beds using any of several well-known adsorbents having the ability to selectively adsorb mercury. It is also common to reintroduce this sequestered mercury into the environment by means of the spent gas used to periodically regenerate the fixed beds. A solution to this problem is provided by the present invention in which the mercury is removed from the process stream using at least two cyclically regenerated adsorption beds in combination with a condenser whereby upon regeneration of one bed, the regeneration stream effluent therefrom is treated in the condenser to recover the bulk of the mercury as liquid mercury and recycling the overhead from the condenser to another bed engaged in the adsorption-purification of fresh feedstock.

Abstract: A decarburized steel sheet for a thin oriented silicon steel sheet having improved magnetic and coating characteristics and a method of producing the same. Silicon steel strip is hot-rolled, cold-rolled to a final thickness of about 0.28 mm or less, subjected to decarburization/primary-recrystallization annealing, coated with an annealing separator, and thereafter subjected to finishing annealing. In the decarburization/primary-recrystallization annealing step, a novel subscale is formed at the steel sheet surface having a fayalite-silica composition ratio in accordance with an infrared reflection absorbance ratio of about 0.5 to 5.5, and a marked oxygen amount of about 0.4 to 1.6 g/m.sup.2.

Abstract: Reduction roasting of manganese ore is the first step in the extraction of the metal, production of manganese based chemicals and benefaction of ferruginous manganese ores. In comparison to the conventional processes, the invented process replaces the expensive petroleum based reductant injected with air by cheap solid carbonaceous material and sealing of air entry. In the invented process the manganese ore, solid carbonaceous reductant and water are mixed. The mixture is formed into a bed on a grate. The top surface is ignited to incandescence while maintaining suction below the grate and then the top surface is sealed against entry of air while continuing the suction. The combustion of the solid reductant proceeds drawing the oxygen from the ore itself, resulting in high reduction. The product is cooled either by direct water quenching or by indirect means. The equipment employed is either a batch type pot or a continuous strand with sealing devices and material handling systems.