Abstract: The present invention relates to a view finder for a video camera; and, more particularly, to a detachable view finder usable as a separate and independent unit from the main body of the video camera. The detachable view finder comprises means for detachably fixing the view finder to the main body, means for supporting the detached view finder in front of a user's eyes, and a cable for transmitting a video signal from the main body to the view finder, thereby allowing the operating of a stable posture regardless of a location of an object of shooting.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus using dry silver salt material includes a photosensitive member having a base material and reducing material, photosensitive silver halide and organic silver salt which are on the base material; optical system for projecting information light onto the photosensitive member; auxiliary exposure optical system for uniformly exposing an entire surface of the photosensitive member; and a heating for uniformly heating the photosensitive member.

Abstract: A supply hopper for holding a stack of fanfold paper and guiding such fanfold paper for reliable feeding as it is withdrawn from the supply hopper. The supply hopper comprises a tray for supporting a stack of fanfold paper, the tray including a base member oriented at an angle in the range of between 25.degree.-45.degree. from the horizontal. A stop member is connected to the base member along the lower marginal edge thereof, the stop member and the base member forming an included angle of substantially 90.degree.. Further, a guide member is supported by the tray substantially above a fanfold paper stack supported on the tray at a height sufficient to lift the topmost individual panel of the stack at least partially off the stack when the fanfold paper is threaded over the guide member. A bail assembly is connected to the tray extending away from the base member of the tray on the opposite side of the stop member from the base member.

Abstract: An optical apparatus capable of a panoramic photographing includes a photographing lens, an auxiliary lens having positive refraction to convert its focal length synthesized with the photographing lens to a focal length shorter than the individual focal length of the photographing lens without changing the positions of an image formation, and an auxiliary lens supporting means which removably supports the auxiliary lens in the optical path between the photographing lens and the image-formation plane, and is constructed to perform easily a usual photographing individually with the photographing lens as well as a panoramic photographing with the installation of the auxiliary lens.

Abstract: A shutter apparatus for stereoscopic cameras for simultaneously taking a pair of stereoscopic photographs. A coupled shutter leaf is produced by integrally connecting two shutter leaves respectively disposed on two photographing lens portions provided with spots having different apertures. The coupled shutter leaf is rotatably supported by a connecting portion. The shutter leaf disposed at the photographing portion provided with the stop having a smaller aperture has a smaller width, and a weight for compensating for the weight of the shutter leaf which is reduced as a result of reducing the width thereof is provided. The exposure time of the photographing portion provided with the stop having a smaller aperture is longer than that of the other photographing portion, so that the quantity of incident light at the two photographing portions is the same.

Abstract: A lens-fitted photographic film unit comprises a main body having a photograph-taking function and a rear cover for shielding the rear of the main body in a light-tight manner. The main body has a film supply chamber and a film take-up chamber both of which are provided with respective bottom openings. The film supply chamber is provided with a first side edge limiting plate so as partially to shield the bottom opening. The rear cover is provided with a cap for closing the bottom opening of the film supply chamber and a second side edge limiting plate. A winding shaft is engaged with a film leader of a photographic film, drawn from a photographic film cassette and positioned in a film supply chamber. Similarly, the empty photographic film cassette is positioned in a film take-up chamber.

Abstract: A projection exposure apparatus includes a projection lens system for projecting an image of a pattern of an original on a substrate having a photosensitive layer, by using a sensitizing beam; a first detection optical system for detecting a mark of the substrate through the projection lens system and with a first non-sensitizing beam, the first detection optical system producing first information related to the position of the mark; a second detection optical system for detecting the mark of the substrate without the projection lens system and with a second nonsensitizing beam having a bandwidth broader than that of the first non-sensitizing beam, the second detection optical system producing second information related to the position of the mark; and a detector for detecting an error included in the first information, by using the first and second information.

Abstract: A device for adjusting an optical axial position of a lens is disclosed. The device includes a lens frame for mounting at least one lens, a lens frame supporting member rotatably engaged with the lens frame via screw threads for supporting the lens frame in such a way that the lens frame is rotatable relative to the lens frame supporting member, coupled to a stationary member for adjustment of the optical axial position of the lens relative to the stationary member. Set screws are provided for selectively locking the lens frame to the lens frame supporting member at one of a plurality of stepwise, predetermined, relative angular positions between the lens frame and the lens frame supporting member after the optical axial position of the lens has been adjusted relative to the lens frame supporting member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus for forming an image by use of photosensitive microcapsules each consisting of an outer shell and a liquid component encapsulated in the outer shell. The liquid component contains an image forming material and a photocuring substance that is polymerized by light. The microcapsules are electrically charged to be supported on a support member. Then, the microcapsules are exposed to light having image information to selectively harden the microcapsules. The microcapsules not cured are ruptured to discharge the image forming material, thereby forming an image by the image forming material on an image receiving paper. Then, a residue inclusive of the remaining microcapsules and a part of the liquid component left on the support member are exposed again to light to be cured and solidified. The solidified residue on the support member is wholly removed by a cleaning member.

Abstract: A film cassette comprises a cassette shell, a spool core supported inside the cassette shell for rotation in an unwinding direction to advance a filmstrip coiled about the spool core out of the cassette shell and in a winding direction to draw the filmstrip into the cassette shell, at least one flange coaxially coupled with the spool core to prevent the filmstrip from uncoiling about the spool core and to permit the flange and the spool core to be rotated relative to each other in the unwinding and winding directions, and cooperating means located on the spool core and the flange for fixing the flange and the spool core to each other to make the flange rotate with the spool core in the unwinding direction but releasing the flange to permit it and the spool core to be rotated relative to each other in the winding direction.

Abstract: A focusing torque control device for a lens barrel includes a rotating unit, rotatable in association with a lens included in the lens barrel, an engaging pin by which the rotating unit is engaged, and a frictional force unit. The lens is moved along an optical axis thereof when the rotating unit is rotated. The frictional force control unit controls a frictional force between the rotating unit and the engaging pin by controlling a pressure force pressing the engaging pin against the rotating unit.

Abstract: Strips of coherent, exposed and developed film frames are advanced past, and discrete frames are placed onto, a window at a monitoring station where successive increments of the film frames are monitored by a device having photocells forming at least one row which extends transversely of the path of advancement of strips. The monitoring device is at a standstill during advancement of strips but is transported past a discrete frame at the monitoring station. Such monitoring device can ascertain the density of film frames, and its photocells generate signals which are used to image the frames onto photographic paper.

Abstract: A slide track, pin registration system for registering photosensitive media to light exposure equipment. The system includes one or more slide tracks and each of which contain media registration pins. The slide tracks are orthogonally mounted within grooves let into a resilient media support mat. Each pin is restrained in a spring biased retainer which retainer is loosely confined in a support base that slide mounts to the track. The number of pins and profile shapes are variable to match the media and registration requirements. In one vacuum system, the tracks are supported in a multi-chambered, foam backed bladder. In another the tracks are supported on a single chambered bladder. In still another system, the retainer slides within grooves formed in a rigid board.

Abstract: A system and method for transferring a reticle (201) pattern to a substrate image (203) by scanning. The reticle is placed between an illumination system (118) and the projection lens (117). The substrate is located below the projection lens. A loading system, wafer adjustment system, and focusing system are also disclosed.

Abstract: A light source for use in exposing photographic material through a negative. The source includes a plurality of lamps, one appropriate to each emulsion layer of the material to be exposed. Each lamp has a reflector projecting a light stream through a dichroic filter which limits the energy of the stream so that it acts on a single layer. The separate streams are then combined into a single stream which is further treated to eliminate rays exceeding a predetermined angle. Cut off blades may be used to terminate the projection of any one or more of the individual streams for certain definite times depending on the desired exposure of each separate emulsion layer.

Abstract: A camera of the present invention comprises a stationary frame adjustable in position with respect to a camera body in the direction of an optical axis; a cam frame disposed around an outer circumference of the stationary frame to be rotatable about the optical axis and movable in a direction of the optical axis with respect to the stationary frame; a finder optical system provided on the camera body; and a finder optical system driving cam provided integrally with the cam frame for driving the finder optical system. In-focus position adjustment of a photographing optical system of the camera is performed during assembly by moving only the stationary frame in the direction of the optical axis, while the cam frame is kept immobile with respect to the camera body.

Abstract: The device permits swing, shift, tilt and rise-and-fall movements between a lens and a motion-picture camera to manipulate focal relations and image shapes. Preferably the device rests on rails (called "iris rods") of a balance plate or base--secured under the camera--or some other track, similarly mounted. If so, the device has a first intermediary element preferably mounted to slide fore-and-aft on the track relative to the camera; and other intermediary elements mounted in a sequence preferably from the first element for translation and rotation relative to that element--ending in a lens-board mount for mounting a lens. Also in balance-plate mounting the device preferably includes a bellows whose front end joins the lens-board mount and whose rear end holds an adapter to engage the camera lens port. Preferably the device has a yoke (preferably flat and rearward-extending) for, e.g.

Abstract: An electronic strobe flash apparatus includes a first energizable flash tube arranged to project light in a first direction to directly illuminate a scene, a second energizable flash arrange to project light in a second direction to indirectly illuminate the scene, a battery power supply for providing a source of charging energy, first and second high voltage discharge capacitors coupled to the first and second flash tubes, and electronic control means for providing charging current from the power supply to the first high discharge voltage capacitor until it is charged to a predetermined discharge voltage and for then charging the second high voltage discharge capacitor to the predetermined discharge voltage level. Preferably, the electronic control means includes a single DC/DC converter coupled through a miniaturized relay to the first and second high voltage capacitors to successively charge each under charge control signals provided by a microcontroller.

Abstract: An encoder device of the present invention comprises:a motor for driving a photographing lens,a pulse generator operated by a drive force transmitted from the motor to the photographing lens, and generating a coarse pulse signal and a fine pulse signal corresponding to rotation of the motor,counters for counting the coarse pulse signal and the fine pulse signal, respectively,a reset device for resetting the number of the coarse pulse signals counted by the counters when the photographing lens reaches a predetermined position,a motor drive/controller for controlling start and stop of drive of the motor, anda detector for determing a value related to the driven position of the photographing lens upon halting of the driving of the motor based on the number of the coarse pulse signals counted from the predetermined position for resetting and the number of the fine pulse signals counted after a final one of the coarse pulse signals has been output.

Abstract: Motion-picture camera with a taking optics for projecting frames onto a motion-picture film, moved by means of a film transport mechanism along a film path. In addition, in the vicinity of the film path a frame-projection device (16) is located to project an additional frame (32) onto motion-picture film (3) and/or to superimpose a partial frame (36, 37) on frame (31) exposed or to be exposed by taking optics (15).