Abstract: In a method for operating a heating device, fluid is initially introduced into a fluid chamber, then the heating elements of the heating device are switched on and a leakage current is detected as a temperature-dependent current flow through a dielectric insulation layer. A supply voltage of the heating devices is measured and is taken into account in an evaluation of the temperature at the fluid chamber as a function of the leakage current. The leakage current is converted into a leakage voltage by means of a resistor, which is then divided by the measured supply voltage. Subsequently, the quotient obtained may be multiplied by a compensation value in order to obtain a normalized leakage signal, which is normalized to a base value of the supply voltage.

Abstract: A vaporizer device includes a resistive heating element; circuitry configured to control delivery of electrical power to the resistive heating element from a power source; and a controller configured to perform operations including: receiving inputs representative of a power delivery to the resistive heating element, a temperature of the resistive heating element, and/or a flow rate of air past the resistive heating element; predicting, using the received inputs, an amount of evaporation of the vaporizable material at the resistive heating element; and controlling the power delivery to the resistive heating element in response to the predicted amount of evaporation of the vaporizable material, the controlling including increasing or decreasing an instantaneous power delivery to the heating element such that a target aerosol yield is produced. Related devices, systems, methods, and articles are also described.

Abstract: An electric kettle may include a body made of a metal material, formed by an outer body and an inner body having a cylindrical shape with an open upper surface and an open lower surface, a heat insulation space being formed between the outer body and the inner body, a heating module configured to form a bottom of a space in which fluid, such as water may be contained inside of the body and heat the fluid, a mounting port that passes through the outer body and the inner body, a window made of a transparent material and mounted on the mounting port to allow an inside of the body to be viewed therethrough, and a gasket disposed along a circumference of the window to seal a gap between the inner body and the window. The window may be doubly sealed in contact with the outer body and the gasket.

Abstract: A kinetic feed plug screw apparatus and process for creating the same, where organic raw material or feedstock is transported to a combustion or pyrolysis chamber, and a dynamic seal is concurrently and continuously created between the inlet and outlet to prevent immediate material blowback.

Abstract: The steam generating unit of dual circuit reactor with blowdown and drain system is implemented in the close loop, without any conventional blowdown expansion tanks and is designed for maximum pressure of the steam generator (SG) working medium. The SG blowdown water is combined into a single line, cooled down in the regenerative heat exchanger, then in the blowdown aftercooler and drain cooling line and taken out of the tight shell. Out of the tight shell, the SG blowdown water is supplied for treatment to the SG blowdown water treatment system designed for maximum pressure of the steam generator (SG) working medium. After treatment, the water returns to the tight shell and, via the regenerative heat exchanger, to the feed pipelines of each SG. The invention provides increased SG blowdown that leads to the accelerated chemical condition normalization even with considerable deviations.

Abstract: A multi-curing apparatus includes an actuator, a first chamber including a first energy source head, a second chamber including a second energy source head, a first driver including a first rotation transmission gear gear-engaged with the actuator, and a first driving gear gear-engaged with the first chamber. The apparatus further includes a second driver including a second rotation transmission gear gear-engaged with the actuator, and a second driving gear gear-engaged with the second chamber. The apparatus aligns a position of the first chamber with reference to a position of the second chamber while the first rotation transmission gear, the second rotation transmission gear, and the second driving gear are fixed.

Abstract: A direct contact steam injection heater that includes a stem plug that is rotatable over 360°. The stem plug is connected to an actuator that is operable to rotate the stem plug over 360° of rotation during both the heating function of the steam injection heater and during a clean-in-place process. The stem plug includes a regulating head having a pair of sealing inserts formed on each of a pair of sealing faces. The sealing inserts are biased outward into contact with an inner surface that includes the steam injection nozzles. As the regulating head rotates between a closed position and an open position, the nozzles are exposed to allow steam to flow into the product being heated. The regulating head further includes a pair of foils. During the clean-in-place operation, the foils create a turbulent flow of cleaning liquid within the steam chamber.

Abstract: A sacrificial anode for a water heater system is provided. The anode may comprise a proximal end, a distal end, and a passage running longitudinally between the distal and proximal end. A first current carrying lead and a first voltage lead may be connected to the distal end of the anode, while a second current carrying lead a second voltage lead may be connected to the proximal end of the anode. The first current carrying lead and first voltage lead may be connected to the distal end of the anode in such a manner that the leads may be fed through the passage of the anode and protrude from the proximal end of the anode. A method of determining the health of a sacrificial anode is further provided, which involves utilizing the resistance drop across the anode to determine the radius of the anode during use.

Abstract: A heat shrink gas gun has a handle which has a back side and a front side. The front side of the handle includes a cavity extending along an axis. An igniter is configured for ignition of the heat shrink gas gun and is actuated by a trigger. The igniter is insertably disposed in the cavity. The igniter is releasably received in the cavity. A trigger guard is positioned in front of the trigger and the front side in a spaced relationship. The trigger guard includes a through hole corresponding to the cavity so as to facilitate installation and replacement of the igniter.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a casing configured to direct a working fluid therethrough, and at least one heat exchanger (HE) section in the casing. Each HE section includes a pair of spaced supports. The spaced supports include: an upstream support and a downstream support with at least one of them including a coolant carrying body configured to direct a coolant therethrough. A first cross-support couples to and extends between respective upstream and downstream supports; and at least one second cross-support couples to and extends between the respective upstream and downstream supports. Cross-supports are vertically distanced from adjacent cross-supports. A plurality of tube positioners coupled to each cross-support position a plurality of heat exchange tubes extending across a working fluid path through the casing. The tube positioners and the cooling of the cross-supports allows ferritic material to be used for once-through, duct-fired HRSGs.

Abstract: A horizontal substrate carrier is provided, for example a carrier for holding semiconductor substrates during horizontal thermal processing. The horizontal substrate carrier has asymmetrically placed support rails. One side of the horizontal substrate carrier has no upper rail while the other side of the horizontal substrate carrier has an upper rail placed at a relatively high location, for example at an angular location of 60° or more, more preferably of 70° or more, and most preferably at 90°. The side without an upper rail may be used for robotic loading of the horizontal substrate carrier. In a preferred embodiment, only three rails are provided: one upper rail on one side and two lower rails. The use and placement of these three rails can hold the substrate in precise uniform locations, minimize substrate movement, and minimize particle generation, all while allowing for easy robotic access.

Abstract: Process heaters and associated methods of processing with ultra-low pollutant emissions are provided. The process heaters and methods utilize a heat exchange tube having disposed therein a radiant permeable matrix burner at a first end of the tube. The tube further includes a thermally insulated insert disposed adjacent the radiant burner opposite an oxidant-fuel mixer that feeds the burner. The process heaters and methods act to reduce emissions of CO and NOx.

Abstract: A method of controlling a temperature of water delivered by a water heating system, includes providing communication device which is adapted to receive a communication from at least one mobile device, the communication device being located so as to determine when the at least one mobile device is within a predefined zone in which is located a pre-selected water access point. In response to a determination that the at least one mobile device is within the predefined zone, enabling a user selecting a temperature setting of the where the water heating system. The selection is wirelessly communicated to a receiver which is in communication with the water heating system.

Abstract: A water heater can include a heat source and a heat exchanger that transfers heat to the water. A header attached to the heat exchanger provides an inlet and an outlet for water to flow into and out of the heat exchanger. The header can also include an anode assembly that releasably attaches to the header. The anode assembly can be located at a bottom of the header so that an anode in the anode assembly remains in contact with the water when water is flowing through the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An electric kettle may include a body configured to form a space in which fluid, such as water is contained, a heating module provided inside of the body to heat fluid, and a base on which a lower surface of the body is seated and which supplies power to the heating module in a state in which the body is seated. The base may include a connector which is exposed through a side surface of the base and to which a power cable for receiving external power may be connected, and a connector mounting portion formed along a circumference of the connector and protruding further outward than a side surface of the base and a front surface of the connector so as to block fluid or foreign matter from flowing into the connector.

Abstract: A hot water circulation system comprises a water heater having a cold-water inlet and a hot water outlet. A water pump circulates water through the water heater to produce hot water. The hot water is circulated to a thermal bypass valve, which is configured to close when hot water contacts a heat activated seal. A bypass circuit is coupled between the hot water outlet and the cold water inlet of the water heater. The bypass circuit prevents hot water from circulating from the hot water outlet to the cold-water inlet when the thermal bypass valve is open and promotes circulating hot water from the hot water outlet to the cold water inlet when the thermal bypass valve is closed. Upon a temperature sensor sensing hot water entering the cold-water inlet, the water heater turns of the water pump.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses for cooling flue gases emitted from an industrial facility, such as a coke oven in a coke manufacturing plant. A representative system includes a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) having a steam generation system that converts liquid feedwater into steam by absorbing heat from the flue gases. The steam generation system includes a plurality of tubes that carry the liquid water feedwater and the steam. Some or all of the tubes include steel and a non-corrosive material cladded to the steel that helps to reduce corrosion caused by the high temperature flue gases and extremely corrosive contaminants within the flue gas that can corrode steel.

Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to systems and methods of treating or utilizing water, including water for cooling applications or separation of compounds from wastewater, using evaporation panels, evaporation panel systems, evaporation panel securing systems, evaporation panel sub-assemblies, evaporation panel assemblies, groups of evaporation panel assemblies, wastewater evaporative separation systems, evaporative cooling systems, splash containment shields, water delivery trough systems, and the like.

Abstract: A steel sheet temperature control device including: a sheet temperature measurement unit; a furnace temperature measurement unit; an influence coefficient calculation unit; a control model setting unit that sets a control model; a state variable/disturbance estimation unit that estimates values of a state variable and a temperature disturbance variable of the control model at the same time; a furnace temperature change amount calculation unit that calculates a furnace temperature change amount of each of heating zones of a heating furnace under a constraint condition such that square sum of a deviation between a target value and the actual value of the temperature of the steel sheet at the outlet side of the heating furnace becomes minimum; and a furnace temperature control unit that controls a fuel flow rate used in each of the heating zones to achieve the calculated furnace temperature change amount.

Abstract: Systems and methods that comprise scanning, using a camera on a mobile electronic device, a target item coupled to a heating device. The heating device comprises: a transceiver that receives commands for controlling operations of the heating device to dispose of biohazard waste; and a target item that is coupled to or presented by the heating device, and includes heating device identification data. The methods also comprise: obtaining, using a mobile communication device including a circuit, the heating device identification data from the target item; accessing the heating device using the heating device identification data; and causing a graphical user interface to be presented that enables user-software interactions for communicating the commands from the mobile communication device to the heating device.