Abstract: A processing apparatus includes: a plurality of process modules concatenated with one another; and a loader module configured to receive a carrier accommodating a plurality of substrates to be processed by the plurality of process modules, wherein each of the plurality of process modules includes: a heat treatment unit including a processing container configured to accommodate the plurality of substrates and perform a heat treatment on the plurality of substrates; and a gas supply unit disposed on one side surface of the heat treatment unit and configured to supply a gas into the processing container.

Abstract: A method facilitates operation of an incinerator for solid fuel. The incinerator includes a device for separating ash from flue gas. The method includes collecting ash deposits originating from the flue gas, resulting in collected ash. To improve the flowability of the ash collected, the method further includes introducing a powdery additive material including i) clay and ii) calcium carbonate into the flue gas. At the location where the additive material is introduced, the flue gas has a temperature of at least 700° C. The additive is introduced with a rate R of at least 0.1 times the mass of ash in the stream of flue gas.

Abstract: An enclosure for a water heating system for a service selected from the group consisting of receiving water through a water inlet port, recirculating water through a recirculation port, outputting a heated water supply through a water outlet port, receiving a gas supply through a gas inlet port, receiving an air supply through an air inlet port and a combustion exhaust through an exhaust port, the enclosure including a wall through which at least one of the water inlet port, the recirculation port, the water outlet port, the gas inlet port, the air inlet port and the exhaust port is disposed, the wall is configured to be removable for access to equipment disposed inside the enclosure, the equipment is connected to the at least one of the water inlet port, the recirculation port, the water outlet port, the gas inlet port, the air inlet port and the exhaust port.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring and managing water delivered to users hydraulically connected via a dedicated conduit loop to a water supply source and a water heating unit via a dedicated conduit loop, the system including a mixing valve(s) hydraulically connected to the dedicated conduit loop; a first set of sensing devices operatively coupled to an input and an output of the mixing valve, wherein each sensing device of the first set is adapted to generate and transmit sensed data signals; a recirculation pump hydraulically coupled to the dedicated conduit loop; a second set of sensing devices operatively coupled to selected portions of the dedicated conduit loop, wherein each sensing device of the second set is adapted to generate and transmit sensed data signals; a pressure regulating or balancing device(s) hydraulically coupled to the dedicated conduit loop; a data collection system for receiving and storing sensed data transmitted by the first set of sensing devices and/or the second set of sensing d

Abstract: A water heater system includes a water heater and a thermal mixing valve. The water heater includes a tank and a cap that each define interior volumes. The interior volume of the tank includes a heating element is the location where fluid is heated, whereas the cap includes a volume within which the thermal mixing valve may be disposed. The thermal mixing valve pulls cool and warm water from the volume of the tank, and then discharges a mixed stream of fluid at a user desired temperature via an outlet.

Abstract: A heat balancing system for a natural draft gas burning appliance having a flue. When the appliance is in a standby mode, a main burner is shut off and the pilot light remains on. Temperature in the heat exchanger (e.g., temperature of water in a heater tank) may be decreased or increased, respectively, by opening or closing a damper in a flue as needed. If opening the damper does not sufficiently reduce the temperature of the heat exchanger, then the pilot light may be shut off to further reduce the temperature. The pilot light may be turned on again to bring up the temperature. There may be a control or controller to operate the damper to maintain the temperature of the exchanger within a certain range. Electrical power may be provided for the system from a power line, a storage device, or other source.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette includes a microprocessor, a battery module and a heating element. The battery module is electrically connected to the heating element and supplies power to the heating element with a first output parameter. The electronic cigarette further includes a sensing module, connected to the microprocessor and disposed in a smoke outlet passage of the electronic cigarette, for detecting the concentration of an analyte and sending it to the microprocessor. The microprocessor stores a preset threshold, the microprocessor receives the concentration of the analyte detected by the sensing module, and further determines the relationship between the concentration of the analyte and the preset threshold. When the concentration of the analyte is higher than or equal to the preset threshold, the microprocessor controls the battery module to supply power to the heating element with a second output parameter, wherein the second output parameter is smaller than the first output parameter.

Abstract: In a gas hot water heater, changes of the signal output of an A/F sensor are calibrated in the atmosphere, in which the A/F sensor detects an oxygen concentration in a combustion tube. The gas supplied via a gas supply pipe is injected, together with in-taken air, into a combustion tube, which is incorporated in a hot water supply tank, via an injection unit. A proportional valve controls a combustion state in the combustion tube based on the detected oxygen concentration to thereby heat water supplied in the hot water supply tank. A purging process is performed to supply air into the combustion tube, at a timing between an extinguishment operation first performed after the ignition the gas mixture in the combustion tube and a re-ignition operation. Changes of signal output characteristics of the A/F sensor are subject to the calibration after the purging process.

Abstract: A vent proving system is described for use with a gas fired appliance. The gas fired appliance includes a gas burner, a vent damper for selectively opening or closing an exhaust vent from the gas fired appliance and a relay control for operatively controlling the vent damper and the gas burner to open the damper if the gas burner is on. The vent proving system comprises a sensor for sensing a variable in the vent representing air flow direction in the vent. An electrical switch is connected in series between the relay control and the vent damper. A controller is operatively connected to the sensor, the electrical switch and to the relay control.

Abstract: A gas phase type heating method includes loading an object into a vapor heating furnace or a heating furnace via a loading/unloading portion, cooling vapor of a heat transfer liquid by a cooler provided above the loading/unloading portion in the vapor heating furnace, and causing a gas to go in and out, making a pressure in a continuous furnace uniform, and heating the loaded object, by a connection portion that is provided above the cooler and has a pressure loss smaller than a pressure loss of the loading/unloading portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure seeks to provide a metallic burner tile for use in industrial processes such as cracking. The tile is substantially metallic (e.g. more than 80%) with the balance being ceramic coating on surfaces exposed to high temperature. The tile is lighter and more durable than the current ceramic burners.

Abstract: A method of treating a component adapted for use in a gas turbine engine is described herein. The component may comprise ceramic matrix composite materials. The treatment to the ceramic matrix composite component may reduce or eliminate the wear or damage of crack propagation in the ceramic matrix composite component.

Abstract: A structural element for a housing structure of a heating device. The structural element is at least essentially, especially completely, developed as a foam part, preferably as a thermoplastic casting foam part. In addition, a housing structure is described, which has a corresponding structural element, preferably at least two corresponding structural elements. Moreover, a heating device is described that includes at least one corresponding structural element and/or a corresponding housing structure. In addition, a method for mounting a corresponding housing structure is described.

Abstract: A variable power water heater is disclosed. In embodiments, the variable power water heater includes a water tank, a heating element, a power supply circuit, a switch, and a controller. The heating element may be disposed within or coupled to the water tank. The power supply circuit may be configured to generate a power signal for the heating element. The switch may be configured to couple the power supply circuit to the heating element, and the controller may be configured to toggle the switch according to a pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme to control a duty cycle of the power signal transmitted from the power supply circuit to the heating element.

Abstract: A high temperature reaction system includes a reaction tube including a heating space, a discharge unit, a cooling unit, a feeding unit and an observation and analysis unit. The discharge unit is disposed opposite to an inlet of the heating space and has a discharge space communicating the heating space, and an observation window and a discharge opening which communicate the discharge space. The cooling unit has a cooling space communicating the discharge opening. The feeding unit includes a carrier holding a sample, and a moving module for moving the carrier and the sample. The observation and analysis unit includes an image capture module and an analysis module for analyzing gas released by the sample.

Abstract: A passive heater for heating a drainage tube, the passive heater including: an elongated flexible thermal conductor including a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is configured to be disposed in contacting relationship with a heat source and at least a portion of the elongated flexible thermal conductor is configured to be disposed in contacting relationship with a portion of the drainage tube; and an eyelet disposed on the first end, the eyelet configured to facilitate the securement of the elongated flexible thermal conductor to the heat source, wherein the first end is configured to receive heat and transmit it along the elongated flexible thermal conductor to increase temperature of the portion of the drainage tube to prevent freezing of a fluid through the drainage tube.

Abstract: Submerged combustion burners having improved fuel and oxidant mixing characteristics. Submerged combustion melters including the burners. Methods of using submerged combustion melters to melt glass-forming materials and produce molten glass.

Abstract: A device for the heat treatment of food products is disclosed, including a heat treatment device having at least one oven unit with a cooking chamber being configured for receiving product carriers with food products, and including t least one charging trolley for receiving at least one charging rack for a plurality of product carriers which can be coupled to the heat treatment device to move the at least one charging rack with product carriers back and forth between the at least one oven unit and the charging trolley, wherein catches are provided on the heat treatment device, to which receiving means are assigned on each charging trolley, and a drive is provided for vertical movement of the catches to the receiving means on the charging trolley from the entry position of the charging trolley via vertical lifting, and to align the charging trolley with the catches by means of further lifting, until same reaches a defined end position in the working position.

Abstract: A recuperator including neighbouring sheets between which flow passages for air are formed. The sheets are provided with a corrugated profile including peaks, troughs and straight flanks. The peaks and troughs of a sheet are situated at an equal distance from a central plane of the sheet. Neighbouring flanks are directly connected to each other via a peak or trough. Between neighbouring flanks, first and second passage duct parts are formed which are each delimited at one end by a peak or trough and which are open at the end situated opposite the peak. In a direction at right angles to the central plane, the peaks and troughs associated with neighbouring sheets are aligned with respect to each other in such a way that first passage duct parts of a sheet and second passage duct parts associated with a neighbouring sheet are in communication with each other via connecting passage parts which extend between the troughs associated with the one sheet and peaks associated with the other sheet.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube for transferring a heat of an exhaust gas to a fluid to be heated includes a turn-back portion formed in an intermediate portion of the heat exchanger tube and a reciprocating conduit portion. The reciprocating conduit portion includes a conduit portion leading from a starting end of the heat exchanger tube to the turn-back portion, and a conduit portion leading from the turn-back portion to a terminal end of the heat exchanger tube. A space equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the conduit portions is provided between these conduit portions.