Abstract: An apparatus including a reciprocating internal combustion engine with at least one piston and cylinder set and an intake stream; at least one liquid atomizer in fluid communication with the intake stream operable to provide a plurality of liquid droplets with a diameter less than 5 ?m to the intake stream; and a controller where the controller is able to adjust an index of compression for the engine by: calculating a wet compression level in response to an engine operating limit and adjusting the at least one liquid atomizer in response to the wet compression level.

Abstract: A coupling device may include a first cylindrical connecting body and a second cylindrical connecting body having a retaining ring rotatably mounted thereon and moveable between a locking position and an unlocking position. A detent device may have at least one detent formed on the retaining ring and at least one counter detent formed on the second cylindrical connecting body with which the detent interlocks upon reaching the locking position. The detent may have a detent arm arranged on the retaining ring and configured to be spring-elastic in the radial direction. The counter detent may have a detent opening which is formed in a collar enclosing the retaining ring and in which the detent arm radially engages upon reaching the locking position so as to be supported on an edge of the detent opening in order to be rotatably secured in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: To remove contaminations in the area of a fire land (6) of a piston (5) an insert is provided (1) which sweeps the outer circumference of the piston (5) upon passing the top dead center and in so doing scrapes accumulating contaminations. The insert is formed of a first annular member (2) in which a second annular member (3) is inserted in a groove (9).

Abstract: A secondary air injection or SAIR system is illustrated and described which includes a first air injection path defined by in part by a lower ditch formed in the head mounting surface of the cylinder block, and a second air injection path defined in part by a second ditch formed in the block mounting surface. The cylinder head gasket is used to separate and seal the first ditch from the second ditch. The first and second air injection paths are separate and isolated from one another such that secondary air may be selectively introduced through the first air injection path into the first exhaust leg and selective introduced through the second injection path into the second exhaust leg independent of the first air injection path.

Abstract: A motor driven implement having an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder and at least one carburettor, which is disposed in a carburettor chamber, which is separated by an intermediate wall from an engine compartment, wherein a fan wheel is further provided by which means air from the engine compartment can be introduced through an engine compartment opening in the intermediate wall into the carburettor chamber. A warm air opening is provided in the intermediate wall, through which the air heated over the cylinder can be introduced into the carburettor chamber and wherein an adjusting element is provided which can be brought into a summer position in which the engine compartment opening is open and the warm air opening is closed and which can be brought into a winter position in which the engine compartment opening is closed and the warm air opening is open.

Abstract: An intake manifold is provided that controls swirl on entry to a combustion chamber. Each intake manifold includes a fin or rib portion positioned to reduce or eliminate swirl induced by the configuration of the intake manifold, particularly when used in a large engine having a left bank and a right bank of combustion chambers. By controlling swirl induced by the intake manifold, swirl consistency is improved between engine cylinders and between the left bank and the right bank, improving the consistency of power output and reducing emissions, particularly particulate emissions, also called smoke.

Abstract: A water-cooled V-type engine includes a first coolant passage for supplying a liquid coolant discharged from a water pump disposed proximate a first cylinder, to a water jacket of the first cylinder. The engine also includes a second coolant passage which is branched off from the first coolant passage, and which is provided for supplying coolant to a water jacket of a second cylinder. The engine design allows for a shortened coolant hose. The water pump may include an integral fluid conduit including a branching portion where said second coolant supply passage is branched from said first coolant supply passage, and a restricted portion proximate the branching portion. A motorcycle including a vehicle body frame is also described, where the water-cooled V-type engine is operatively attached to the vehicle body frame.

Abstract: A water outlet structure of an internal combustion engine includes a water outlet and a thermostat. The water outlet includes a cooling-water inflow portion, a radiator outflow passage, and a bypass passage. The cooling-water inflow portion is provided to face a cooling-water outlet of a cylinder head. Cooling water is to flow out to a radiator through the radiator outflow passage. The radiator outflow passage linearly extends from the cooling-water inflow portion. The bypass passage linearly and obliquely extends from the cooling-water inflow portion to provide a water flow at an acute angle to a water flow in the radiator outflow passage. The thermostat is provided integrally with the water outlet and includes a thermo housing provided downstream of the bypass passage.

Abstract: In a variable compression ratio engine with a connecting mechanism including a first control shaft to control the compression ratio of a variable compression ratio, a second control shaft to be rotated/retained by an actuator, and a lever interconnecting the first control shaft and the second control shaft, a speed reduction ratio from the actuator to the first control shaft through the rotation power transmission path is set to be maximum at the maximum compression ratio, at a preset compression ratio (i.e. at any given compression ratio between the minimum compression ratio and the maximum compression ratio) the speed reduction ratio is set to be minimum, and the reduction ratio is set higher at the maximum compression ratio as compared to the intermediate compression ratio.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for a vehicle includes: a heat releasing unit that is stacked with a plurality of plates and that forms connection flow channels to intersect at the inside thereof to inject other working fluids and that exchanges a heat of working fluids that pass through the respective connection flow channels, a bypass unit that is formed in the heat releasing unit to form a plurality of inflow holes and exhaust holes that inject and exhaust the working fluids to the respective connection flow channels and that connects the inflow hole and the exhaust hole that is connected to one of the respective connection flow channels, and a valve unit that is mounted within the heat releasing unit to correspond to the inflow hole that forms the bypass unit and that is selectively opened or closed using a deformation force of bimetal that is deformed according to a temperature of a working fluid that is injected into the inside thereof to inject the working fluid into the heat releasing unit and the bypass unit.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a connecting assembly for a cylinder head (2) includes at least one air- or gas-conducting part (4) that connects to at least one flow opening (3a) of the cylinder (2), in particular an exhaust manifold (5) or an intake manifold, and a sealing element (9) disposed between the air- or gas-conducting part (4) and the cylinder head (2). In order to reduce the assembly complexity and save installation space, at least one fastening means (7) for the air- or gas-conducting part (4) is disposed spatially separate from the sealing element (9).

Abstract: An intake air routing device for an engine having a plurality of cylinders, includes a pair of half case bodies forming an air chamber, an air filter arranged in the air chamber and configured to purify outside air received via an intake duct, and a plurality of intake passages extending from the air chamber. The plurality of intake passages are connected with respective intakes ports of the engine. A partition plate is disposed in the air chamber, and is formed separately from the case bodies. The partition plate is arranged in the air chamber such that it extends in the air chamber by a predetermined length in a direction intersecting with a direction where the intake passages are lined up so as to partition the intake passages from each other. Such intake air routing device reduces intake interference while maintaining a small size of the intake air routing device.

Abstract: A piston has a piston head, a piston pin support projecting from the piston head, and a mantle wall connected to the piston head. The mantle wall is formed with two tubular pieces that are disposed concentrically relative to one another and which are connected at a periphery of the piston head. A hollow space is formed between the tubular pieces.

Abstract: A composite power cycle engine may include a fuel injector that injects fuel into air that is or is to be supplied into a combustion chamber, a high temperature medium injector that injects a high temperature medium into the combustion chamber to increase pressure of the combustion chamber, a low temperature medium injector that injects a low temperature medium into the combustion chamber to reduce pressure of the combustion chamber, and a piston that may be disposed in the combustion chamber to slidably move therein and that transforms gas expansion or contraction energy into kinetic energy, wherein the high temperature medium injector or the low temperature medium injector increases or reduces the pressure of the combustion chamber so as to generate power.

Abstract: A cooling system for a combustion engine (1) includes a pilot line (12) which has an inlet (12a) to receive coolant from a line (3) of the cooling system and a thermostat (6) a sensing element (6b) for monitoring the temperature of the coolant in the pilot line (12) and a valve (6a). A thermal device (13, 26, 31) in contact with the coolant in the pilot line (12) at a location upstream of the sensing element (6b). A control unit (15) estimates when it is appropriate to alter the coolant's operating temperature in the cooling system and, at such times, activates the thermal device (13, 26, 31) so that it warms or cools the coolant in the pilot line (12).

Abstract: An aftermarket modification for diesel engines that operate in cold environments particularly those using an air-to-liquid oil cooler. Engine oil can be routed to a filter and if the oil has not reached the desired operating temperature, a bypass module having a temperature element directs the oil past the cooler to return to the engine. Once the desired oil temperature is reached, the thermostatic element closes to direct oil through the cooler. A pressure bypass element can be incorporated into the bypass module. If the pressure differential between the inlet and outlet of the cooler exceeds a set point, a portion of the oil bypasses the cooler.

Abstract: In split-cycle engines and air hybrid split-cycle engines, the sizing of the crossover passage is critical to engine efficiency. Efficiency can be improved by sizing the crossover passage volume to be small relative to the volume of the cylinders, and in particular relative to the volume of the compression cylinder. This allows for a higher pressure in the crossover passage, which extends the duration of sonic flow from the crossover passage into the expansion cylinder and increases combustion pressure. The methods, systems, and devices disclosed herein generally involve sizing the crossover passages, cylinders, or other components of a split-cycle engine or air hybrid split-cycle engine to improve efficiency.

Abstract: A stratified scavenging two-stroke engine includes: a crankcase (2); a cylinder (3) being provided with a cylinder bore (31); an intake passage (4) supplying air-fuel mixture into the crankcase (2) via an intake port (4A); a scavenging passage (5) supplying the air-fuel mixture from the crankcase (2) into the cylinder bore (31) via a scavenging port (5A); a leading-air passage (6) supplying leading air into the scavenging passage (5); and an exhaust passage (7) being disposed on an opposite side of the intake passage (4) with the cylinder bore (31) interposed therebetween, the exhaust passage (7) discharging exhaust gas via an exhaust port, in which the scavenging passage (5) includes a main passage (51) provided near the exhaust port and a sub passage (52) provided near the intake port (4A), the main passage (51) and the sub passage (52) are isolated from each other by a partition (25, 34) that extends over substantially an entire length of the main passage (51) and the sub passage (52), the sub passage (52)

Abstract: An oil pump apparatus in which an electrical pump can be easily disposed is provided. A mechanical pump including: an inner gear which is configured to be driven by an engine; and an outer gear which is configured to mesh with the inner gear, and an electrical pump including: an outer gear which is configured to be driven by a motor section; and an inner gear which is configured to mesh with the outer gear are installed adjacent to each other in the axial direction in a pump installation space of a pump housing having suction ports and ejection ports. A blocking plate which is configured to block communications between the suction ports and the ejection ports is disposed between the mechanical pump and the electrical pump.

Abstract: A portable work apparatus has a combustion engine for driving a work tool. An air/fuel mixture is supplied to the engine via a carburetor which is provided with an electrical heating element for heating to a given temperature. The heating element is connected to a switch via which electrical energy, which is provided by a generator driven by the engine, is supplied. When a given temperature is exceeded, the switch interrupts the energy supply. To achieve an exact temperature control, the ohmic resistance value of the heating element is stored in a memory in dependence on the temperature. The current flowing through the heating element and the voltage drop at the heating element are measured and the instantaneous resistance of the heating element is calculated therefrom. This calculated value is compared to the value stored in the memory to open or close the switch in dependence on the comparison.