Abstract: A single stage catalyst system and process for using same in a single stage operation for hydrodewaxing and hydrotreating petroleum residua is disclosed. The catalyst comprises a ZSM-5 type zeolite in an alumina binder having specified metals content and pore diameter of less than 150 Angstroms.

Abstract: The catalytic demetalation and desulfurization of a residual oil is substantially improved by subjecting the residual oil to hydrodewaxing prior to the demetalation and desulfurization comprising prior to contacting the residual oil with demetalation and desulfurization catalysts, contacting the residual oil, under hydrodewaxing operating conditions effective to significantly reduce the pour point of the residual oil and to cause substantially little demetalization of the residual oil, with a catalyst comprising about 1 to about 10 weight percent of a Group VIB metal, the metals based on the total catalyst, and being present as the oxides or sulfides on a support comprising a composite of alumina and about 5 to about 25 weight percent of a ZSM-5 crystalline zeolite based on the total composite, the catalyst having at least 60 percent of its pore volume in the 50 to 200 Angstroms diameter range or at least 50% of the pore volume in the 30 to 100 Angstroms diameter range.

Abstract: A catalytic multi-stage hydrocarbon conversion process is provided for reducing high metals content, sulfur content and pour point of the catalytically reacted residual oil by the use of sequential combination of catalytic compositions. In the first stage, the residual oil, under demetalation and desulfurization reaction conditions, is passed over a catalyst comprising about 1 to about 10 weight percent of a Group VIB metal, based on the total catalyst weight, on a supporting comprising at least 85 weight percent alumina. The resulting catalyst contains at least 65 percent of its pore volume in the 150 to 300 Angstroms diameter range or at least 60 percent of its pore volume in the 100 to 200 Angstroms diameter range.

Abstract: A process for producing lower average molecular weight products from heavy liquid hydrocarbons is provided comprising contacting the feed material in the presence of a co-catalyst system comprising a molten salt of sodium tetrachloroaluminate (NaAlCl.sub.4) and hydrogen tetrachloroaluminate (HAlCl.sub.4) at a pressure of from about 0.8 to about 140 atm (81 to about 14185 kPa) and a temperature of from about 200.degree. C. to about 550.degree. C.According to the present invention use of the HAlCl.sub.4 as a co-catalyst with NaAlCl.sub.4 results in increased yields of lower average molecular weight products and improved levels of denitrogenation and desulfurization. The elements of the co-catalyst system may be prepared separately and mixed.

Abstract: A method for passivating the adverse catalytic effects of metal contaminants, such as nickel, vanadium and iron, which become deposited on cracking catalyst is disclosed. A passivation promoter comprising elemental tin and/or a tin compound in combination with elemental cadmium and/or a cadmium compound is deposited on the catalyst and the catalyst is passed through a passivation zone having a reducing atmosphere maintained at an elevated temperature to decrease the adverse catalytic effects of the metal contaminants The present method is of particular utility where the residence time of the cracking catalyst in the passivation zone is relatively short.

Abstract: A phosphorus-containing low alkali metal content zeolitic catalyst made from a clay starting material is provided. The catalyst is obtained by contacting a partially cation exchanged calcined zeolite-containing catalyst with an anion such as a dihydrogen phosphate anion or a dihydrogen phosphite anion and additionally with an ammonium salt other than a salt of an inorganic acid of phosphorus. A hydrocarbon catalytic cracking process utilizing the phosphorus-containing catalyst is also provided.

Abstract: A process for reducing the molecular weight of hydrocarbons using NaAlCl.sub.4 is provided wherein the hydrogen to carbon ratio of the product slate is approximately the same as the feed material, comprising contacting the feed material with a molten salt of NaAlCl.sub.4 having a ratio of aluminum chloride to sodium chloride of at least 1:1, preferably at a temperature of at least 660.degree. F., and at a pressure above atmospheric, preferably from about 50 psia to about 2000 psia, depending upon the product slate desired. According to the present invention, heavy hydrocarbons are converted to a liquid product slate wherein substantially all of the liquid components exhibit a molecular weight lower than the molecular weight range exhibited by the hydrocarbon feedstock.

Abstract: A process for the production of jet fuels, diesel fuels, multi-purpose fuels meeting the specifications for both high grade jet fuels and diesel fuels, and high quality blending components useful for the production of such fuels; and the compositions produced thereby. In accordance with the process, a multi-reactor system, inclusive of a first reactor and a second reactor are connected through a first distillation column which separates the product of the first reactor into two or more fractions to provide a heavy feed fraction which is charged to the second reactor, wherein the heavy feed is hydroselectively cracked. The product from the second reactor is fractionated to produce high quality jet and diesel fuels, multi-purpose jet and diesel fuels, or provide a major blending component for the production of such fuels, or fuel components.

Abstract: A hydrocarbonaceous feedstock upgrading process is disclosed. Spent nickel arsenide-containing catalyst from demetallation guard chambers or hydroprocessing operations are utilized to upgrade the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock prior to dearsenation. The spent catalysts have significant activity for diolefin saturation and CCR removal at temperatures low enough to reduce olefin polymerization reactions.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon feedstocks such as distillate fuel oils and gas oils are dewaxed by isomerizing the waxy components over a zeolite beta catalyst. The process may be carried out in the presence or absence of added hydrogen. Preferred catalysts have a zeolite silica:alumina ratio over 100:1.

Abstract: A delayed coking process is provided in which the fresh hydrocarbonaceous oil feed is divided into at least two streams. One stream is introduced directly into the preheating zone of the coking zone and one stream is introduced into the coker product fractionator. The fractionator bottoms fraction is recycled to the preheating zone as a separate stream from the fresh feed stream. The separate preheated fresh feed stream is introduced into the top of the coking zone and the preheated recycled fractionator bottoms fraction is introduced into the bottom of the coking zone. The given fresh feed splitting configuration permits decreasing the recycle rate of the heavy coker product and increasing liquid yield while the top and bottom feeding to the coking zone permit subjecting the given streams to different severity of coking.

Abstract: A new catalyst with a highly dealuminated mordenite base, useful in particular in hydrotreatment processes for improving the low temperature properties and the pour point and cloud point of oil cuts contains:(1) an acidic carrier comprising(a) at least 50% (calculated as dry base) of highly dealuminated mordenite and characterized by a molar ratio SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 higher than 110 and a sodium content lower than or equal to 0.5% by weight, and(b) an amorphous matrix, and(2) said acid carrier containing in association at least one oxide of a metal from group VIII and at least one oxide of a metal from group VI of the periodic classification of elements.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting a non-distillable residue of a mixed-base or paraffin-base crude hydrocarbon oil to a distillable precursor for motor fuels and/or petrochemical products which comprises donor solvent hydrovisbreaking said residue in a hydrovisbreaking zone in the presence of a circulated hydrogen donor solvent at a temperature in the range of 380.degree. to 480.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is provided for conducting organic compound conversion over a catalyst composition comprising a supported crystalline zeolite having a high initial silica-to-alumina mole ratio, said supported zeolite being prepared by compositing said crystalline zeolite with alumina, reacting the composite with a particular hydrogen fluoride solution in a specified way, drying the hydrogen fluoride reacted composite, treating the dried composite by hydrolysis, ammonolysis and/or by contact with an ammonium salt solution, and calcining the resulting material.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion catalysts contain at least one Group VIB metal component, at least one Group VIII metal component, and a phosphorus component on a porous refractory oxide and have a narrow pore size distribution including at least about 75 percent of the total pore volume in pores of diameter from about 70 to about 130 angstroms. The catalyst is useful for promoting a number of hydrocarbon conversion reactions, particularly those involving hydrogenative desulfurization.

Abstract: The high boiling fraction of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is upgraded by contact with a catalyst comprising a high-silica, large pore zeolite and a hydrogenation component. The products are a distillate fraction characterized by low sulfur and nitrogen content, high isoparaffin content and low pour point and a lube fraction characterized by its high viscosity index and low pour point.

Abstract: Distillates are prepared from asphaltenes-rich feeds by a process comprising subjecting the feed to solvent deasphalting, and subjecting the resulting asphaltic bitumen fraction to a combination of catalytic hydrotreating and thermal cracking.

Abstract: A process is provided for conducting organic compound conversion over a catalyst comprising a zeolite composition prepared by a method which comprises compositing a specific zeolite material with alumina, impregnating the composite with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal fluoride under vacuum, contacting the impregnated composite with an ammonium salt solution and calcining the resulting material.

Abstract: A process is provided for conducting organic compound conversion over a catalyst comprising a crystalline zeolite which has been treated by impregnation with an ammoniacal aluminum fluoride solution, contact with an ammonium salt solution, and calcination.

Abstract: A process is provided for conducting organic compound conversion over a catalyst comprising alumina and/or gallia which has been treated by a method which comprises contact with ammonium or boron fluoride reagent, contact with a particular aqueous ammonium exchange solution, and thereafter calcination.