Abstract: The hydrothermal stability of zeolites is improved by incorporating Group IB metal cations preferably Ag into the zeolite. The improved stability is useful in processes in which the zeolite is frequently exposed to water vapor at elevated temperature, for example, in processes where water is produced in the reaction or in the catalyst regeneration.

Abstract: Hydrotreating catalysts comprise a hydrogenating component and a support comprising at least one porous refractory inorganic oxide, said catalyst having BET surface area of 150 to about 190 m.sup.2 /g, nitrogen desorption pore volume of 0.8 to about 1.2 cc/g in micropores with radii up to 600 .ANG., with at least 0.7 cc/g of such micropore volume in pores having radii ranging from 50 to 600 .ANG., mercury penetration pore volume of 0.1 to about 0.5 cc/g in macropores with radii of 600 to 25,000 .ANG. and bulk density of about 0.3 to about 0.5 g/cc. Hydrotreating process comprises contacting a hydrocarbon feed susceptible to upgrading with hydrogen in the presence of the aforesaid catalysts under hydrotreating conditions. The catalyt and process are particularly useful in hydrotreating feeds comprising high metals or high metals and sulfur content materials.

Abstract: Residual oils containing metals and sulfur are demetalized and desulfurized by adding to the oil an aromatic solvent and contacting the mixture in the presence of hydrogen with an alumina having dual pore size distribution in ranges of 90-200 Angstrom units and 1000-5000 Angstrom units.

Abstract: Visbreaking of heavy metals containing oil with 5 to 30, preferably 15 to 25 wt % pulverized coal gives good demetallation of oil and produces a solids product with a high metals content suitable for use as a synthetic, metal bearing ore.

Abstract: A supported carbon-containing molybdenum sulfide and tungsten sulfide catalyst useful for conducting methanation and hydrotreating reactions, principally the latter, can be formed by compositing a preselected quantity of a porous, refractory inorganic oxide with a complex salt characterized by the formulaB.sub.x [MO.sub.y S.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method embodied in a TRC system for rapidly separating particulate solids from a mixed phase solids-gas stream which may be at velocities up to 150 ft./sec. and at high temperature. Specifically, the device is designed for incorporation at the discharge of solid-gas reacting TRC systems having low residence time requirements and carried out in tubular type reactors. Separation is effected by projecting solids by centrifugal force against a bed of solids as the gas phase makes a 180.degree. directional change, said solids changing direction only 90.degree. relative to the incoming stream.

Abstract: A catalytic reforming process for the operation of a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed. The process utilizes catalyst compositions characterized as a particulate material which can be oriented within, and formed into a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed which comprises: (i) particles of average size ranging from about 10 micrometers (.mu.m) to about 4000 .mu.m, each containing a nonferromagnetic component and a catalytically active component composited with a single elongate ferromagnetic component or plurality of parallelly aligned elongate ferromagnetic components. The ferromagnetic component, or components, are multidomain, having dimensions of at least 1 .mu.m in all directions and a length:diameter (L/D) ratio of at least 2 but not more than 17.3, and the ferromagnetic component, or components, is present in the composite particles as inclusions within a nonferromagnetic matrix constituting at least 0.5%, preferably at least 5%, but not more than 3/2(L/D).sup.

Abstract: A hydrotreating process with a composition which exhibits high induced magnetism in a small applied magnetic field when formed into a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed and which comprises particles containing a nonferromagnetic component, or components, composited with a plurality of elongated ferromagnetic components, randomly oriented and present in each of said particles in relatively low concentration, based on the total volume of the particles; a process for formation of said compositions and a process wherein such composite particles are formed into a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed and contacted with a fluid, preferably gas.

Abstract: A hydrotreating process wherein composite catalyst particles are formed into a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed and contacted with a fluid, preferably gas. The composition is one which exhibits high induced magnetism in a small applied magnetic field when formed into a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed. The particles contain a non-ferromagnetic component, or components, composited with one or a plurality of elongated ferromagnetic components, oriented and present in each of said particles in relatively low concentration, based on the total volume of the particles.

Abstract: A hydrotreating catalyst comprising molybdenum, nickel, and phosphorus active components supported on gamma alumina is prepared with gamma alumina support particles which have been contacted with aqueous ammonia and is employed in the hydrotreating process to reduce the sulfer and nitrogen content of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A supported carbon-containing molybdenum sulfide and tungsten sulfide catalyst useful for conducting methanation and hydrotreating reactions, principally the latter, can be formed by compositing a preselected quantity of a porous, refractory inorganic oxide with a complex salt characterized by the formulaB.sub.x [MO.sub.y S.sub.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of novel highly active, highly selective hydrotreating catalysts. These catalysts are prepared, in bulk or in supported form, by contacting together and decomposing, in the presence of hydrogen, hydrocarbon, and sulfur, a catalyst precursor characterized by the formula B.sub.x [Mo.sub.3 S.sub.z ] where B is an ammonium ion, polyammonium ion, tertiary or quaternary phosphonium ion, or a hydrocarbyl substituted ammonium ion, hydrocarbyl substituted polyammonium ion, or hydrocarbyl substituted tertiary or quaternary phosphonium ion, x is 1 where B is a divalent cationic moiety, or 2 where B is a monovalent cationic moiety, [Mo.sub.3 S.sub.z ] is a divalent anionic moiety wherein z is an integer ranging from about 10 to about 46. A preferred precursor catalyst species is Mo.sub.3 (S.sub.2).sub.6 S.

Abstract: There is provided a method and catalyst for removing catalyst-poisoning impurities or contaminants such as arsenic, iron and nickel from hydrocarbonaceous fluids, particularly shale oil and fractions thereof. More particularly there is provided a method of removal of such impurities by contacting the fluids with a copper-Group VIA metal-alumina catalyst. For example, a copper-molybdenum-alumina catalyst may be used as a guard bed material in a step preceding most refining operations, such as desulfurization, denitrogenation, catalytic hydrogenation, etc.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system for measuring and controlling the concentration of hydrogen in hydrogen recycle processes used in oil refineries and petrochemical plants. The system is intended to permit reduction in hydrogen use in hydrogen-consuming hydrogen recycle processes. The system is dependent on the recognition that a decrease in cooling medium temperature results in an increase in vent gas flow, which can be decreased to the minimum permissible without endangering catalyst activity and stability and product yield if hydrogen concentration is monitored, and that partial pressure is the key parameter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst, a method for its preparation, and a process for its use in the production of high octane gasoline and/or other valuable liquid hydrocarbon products from carbo-metallic oils contaminated with heavy metals and coke precursors. The catalyst is prepared from a shapable composition containing reticulated carbon black particles which are subsequently removed by burning, as in a catalyst regenerator, to provide large feeder pores in a shaped catalyst structure. The catalyst and process conditions for its use facilitate conversion of the contaminated oils to lighter products at catalytic sites within the catalyst structure which may contain zeolitic materials.

Abstract: Catalytic dewaxing is effected with reduced coking by use of catalyst containing 0.5 w %-2.5 w % platinum-palladium group metal on hydrogen mordenite, the catalyst having been calcined at 1200.degree. F.-1600.degree. F. prior to use whereby it acquires activated sites (not present in mordenite products calcined at lower temperature) which are retained under anhydrous conditions.

Abstract: A residual oil conversion process which comprises converting residual oils and regenerating the conversion catalyst wherein the catalyst is selected from LZ-210, LZ-210-M, LZ-210-T, LZ-210-A and mixtures thereof and is a zeolitic aluminosilicate which has a mole ratio of oxide in the dehydrated state of(0.85-1.1)M.sub.2/n O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :x SiO.sub.2wherein M is a cation having a valence of "n", "x" is the number of moles of SiO.sub.2, said zeolitic aluminosilicate has a X-ray powder diffraction pattern having at least the d-spacings of Table A, and said zeolitic aluminosilicate has extraneous silicon atoms in the crystal lattice in the form of framework SiO.sub.4 tetrahedra.

Abstract: A process is provided for conducting organic compound conversion over a catalyst composition comprising a crystalline zeolite having a high initial silica-to-alumina mole ratio, said zeolite being prepared by calcining the zeolite, contacting said calcined zeolite with solid aluminum fluoride, and coverting said aluminum fluoride contacted material to hydrogen form.

Abstract: Heavy hydrocarbon oils are converted into light hydrocarbon oils by two-stage process wherein, in the first stage, a heavy hydrocarbon oil is subjected to thermal cracking conditions and, in the second stage, the product of the thermal cracking is subjected to a hydrotreatment in the presence of a specific catalyst including, as a carrier, a clay mineral consisting mainly of magnesium silicate having a double-chain structure such as sepiolite.

Abstract: Heavy hydrocarbon oils are converted into light hydrocarbon oils by two-stage process wherein, in the first stage, a heavy hydrocarbon oil is subjected to thermal cracking conditions and, in the second stage, the product of the thermal cracking is subjected to a hydrotreatment in the presence of a specific catalyst having a large pore volume in pores with diameters of 200-400 .ANG.. The hydrotreatment is carried out so that the product oil may have a toluene insoluble content of 0.5 wt % or less.