Abstract: An optical device provides a unitary, functional eyewear device that enables the viewer to simultaneously receive both primary (on-axis) and secondary (off-axis) images. The optical device includes a primary lens, of a shape and size to be mounted in a frame and worn as traditional eyewear. This primary lens has some inherent reflectivity, transmitting some portion of the light reaching it, and reflecting the remainder. A secondary image mirror portion is preferably mounted along one edge of the primary lens so as to capture at least some desired portion of the light reflected from the primary lens. This secondary image mirror acts more as a true (opaque) mirror, reflecting some significant portion of the light impinging upon it. By proper alignment of this secondry image mirror adjacent the primary lens, some of the light initially reflected by the primary lens is re-reflected back towards the primary lens, where a portion of such light will be transmitted through the primary lens to the viewer's eye.

Abstract: A compact photographic lens system of 4-components in which only the image side surface of the fourth lens component, numbered from the object side, is aspheric and whose radius of curvature decreases in accordance with the increase of the height from the optical axis, and fulfills the following conditions:0.22<f.sub.3 /f.sub.12 <0.291.10f<-f.sub.4 <1.35f0.71f<r.sub.4 <0.90f1.0f<-r.sub.6 <1.35.sub.f0.088f<d.sub.1 <0.11f0.033f<d.sub.3 <0.050f1.68<Nd.sub.1 <1.751.78<Nd.sub.3 <1.81.

Abstract: Fitted eyeglass frames having ear engaging members curved to conform to the full contour of the back of the ear they are to engage and moveable rearwardly with respect to the sidebars for releasing the frames for easy removal. In two forms of the invention, the ear engaging members are pivotally attached to the rear ends of the frame sidebars and magnetic and spring means are provided to hold the ear engaging members in desired contact with the ear. In another form of the invention, a spring loaded telescoping section is interposed between the ear engaging members and the sidebars of the frames, and a setscrew acting in the telescoping connection permits adjustment of the effective length of the sidebars.

Abstract: A frame (1) includes means (3) for being held in front of the eyes, and means (6) for supporting and guiding the displacement of a moving opaque element (7) such as shutter movable between a central position in which it leaves binocular vision free, and two opposite side positions preventing vision via one or other of the eyes when the head is tilted.

Abstract: A method is described for selecting optical materials to use in designing color-corrected optical systems. Various dioptric, catadioptric and anamorphic optical systems are described, which use only two different types of optical materials to obtain precise axial color correction at three, four or five wavelengths (depending upon the particular optical materials), with only very small chromatic aberration occurring at wavelengths between the precisely color-corrected wavelengths. Examples of color-corrected lens systems comprising more than two glasses are also described.

Abstract: Eyeglass wipers are provided for a pair of eyeglasses embodying a frame with a pair of lenses therein. Each of the eyeglass wipers consists of a wiper arm mounted at one end to a housing pivotly connected to one end and positioned forwardly of the frame. A mechanism is built into the housing for manually swinging the wiper arm across surface of the lenses and spraying lense cleaning fluid from the wiper arm onto the surface of the lense for maintaining the lense clean.

Abstract: A zoom lens which performs focusing by using part of a movable lens unit. In zooming, a lens unit V for changing the focal length of the entire system and another lens unit C for maintaining the constant position of an image plane move in certain relation to each other. For all objects in the focusing range, a part of either the aforesaid lens unit V or the aforesaid lens unit C is made to move to effect focusing at any station in the entire zooming range, thereby the zoom lens can be constructed in compact form.

Abstract: An eyeglass nose bridge support having a support member attached to the bridge of the eyeglasses with a nosepiece extending from the support member adapted to rest upon the central portion of the bridge of the nose including attachment and adjustment members to adjustably position the nosepiece.

Abstract: A temple for a spectacle frame has a plug connection between the shaft of the temple and temple end piece first made separately from the shaft of the temple. The plug connection is comprised of a borehole in one of the two elements and a plug on the other of the two elements, which plug is inserted into the borehole, as well as a fixing mechanism for ensuring the relative position between the temple end piece and the shaft. The fixing mechanism has a clamping element, which can assume various axial positions with respect to the peripheral wall surrounding the borehole and which, depending on its axial position, more or less sharply compresses the peripheral wall radially and through this means clamps the plug firmly in the borehole. This design of the fixing mechanism facilitates an exact setting of the length of the temple and of the inner inclination of the temple in adapting it to the geometry of the head of the individual spectacle wearer.

Abstract: An eyeglass assembly having a left frame part, a right frame part and a nosepiece which joins the left and right frame parts together and is adapted to rest on the bridge of a nose. A saddle detachably secures the nosepiece to the frame parts and, in doing so, simultaneously locks the left and right lenses to the eyeglass assembly. In addition, the nosepiece is preferably constructed with varying lateral widths and vertical heights in order to accommodate different pupillary distances and pupillary vertical orientations for different persons.

Abstract: In an instrument for the examination and surgery of the eye, an ophthalmological objective is combined with an operation microscope whose main objective is combined with an optical system of variable back focus and focal length. Every plane of the eye lying between the cornea and the fundus is imaged by the instrument at an intermediate image plane. In this way, with a single instrument, the operator can carry out work on the cornea, the eye lens, the vitreous body, and the retina. Since the instrument provides the observer with a reflection-free image, contact of the eye to be operated upon with an optical auxiliary means which eliminates the refractive power is unnecessary.

Abstract: An auto-keratometer attached to an operating microscope to measure the refraction and astigmatic condition of the cornea comprises a cornea irradiating light source section disposed below the operating microscope, and switching means for selectively switching the light source section between an irradiating position on the optical axis and a retracted position. When it is desired to measure the corneal condition, the light source section is set at the irradiating position below the operating microscope, so that the light from the light source section reflected by the cornea travels through a beam splitter and is detected by a detector, whereby the refraction or astigmatic condition of the cornea is measured. If the light source section is found interfering with the operation, the light source section is set at the retracted position by rotating it through 180 degrees, whereby the working region below the microscope is widened to facilitate the operator's surgical operation on the cornea.

Abstract: A varifocal optical system having at least two lens units A and B, the lens unit A being axially moved to vary the magnifying power, and, while it is moving, the refractive power of the lens unit B being continuously varied to compensate for the displacement of the position of the image surface caused by the variation of the magnifying power of the lens unit A, wherein variation of the refractive power of the lens unit B is made so as to maintain the constant position of a front principal point of the lens unit B when the lens unit A is in front of the lens unit B, or a rear principal point of the lens unit B when the lens unit A is at the rear of the lens unit B, relative to the image plane of the entire system.

Abstract: Eyeglass frame and nose pad assembly in which the pad comprises a resiliently deformable unitary pad element including a plate portion for engaging the nose pad area of a given eyeglass frame rim, an intermediate base extending from the plate portion for insertion into a throughbore in the rim nose pad area which throughbore opens into the lens groove of the rim, and an end extension linear retainer extending from the base and defining a shoulder transition at the point of connection between the base and retainer, the retainer being arranged for insertion through the throughbore for location linearly in the lens groove and for deformable engagement therein with the lens periphery upon insertion of the lens in its groove, thereby lockingly mounting the element on the given rim, preferably with the element having a pair of spaced apart bases and retainers and the given frame rim having a corresponding pair of throughbores.

Abstract: The invention provides for a pair of spectacles, a visor, a peak or the like item of eye protection or enhancement to be releasably attached to a head band, hat, cap or other form of headgear, the item being provided with three members including VELCRO or the like to match with the other half of the attachment means, if required, for the releasable attachment.

Abstract: An elongate deformable structure, that can be used as part of an eyeglass frame, for example, comprises a central core member made from a shape memory alloy. A plurality of annular members are threaded onto the core member. At least one of the annular members has at least one transverse surface disposed obliquely to the axis of the bore through it.

Abstract: An apparatus for selectively shuttering a light aperture or channel which includes a shutter blade that is rapidly moved by magnetic force between spaced apart end positions. The shutter apparatus maintains the shutter blade stable in either of the two end positions by magnetic attraction, and preferably provides a third stable position for the shutter blade which is intermediate the two end positions, such that the shutter blade has three stable positions corresponding to full, partial and no shuttering of the aperture or channel. In one embodiment, the shutter blade is part of a flag carried by a torsion beam which is fixed at one end in a mount in a cantilever arrangement, and is free to twist about its longitudinal axis. An elongated permanent magnet extends transverse to the flag and presents poles of opposite polarity.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus for training of the human visual accommodation system. Specifically, the apparatus is useful for training a person to volitionally control his focus to his far point (normally infinity) from a position of myopia due to functional causes. The functional causes could be due, for example, to a behavioral accommodative spasm or the effects of an empty field. The device may also be used to measure accommodation, the accommodation resting position and the near and far points of vision. The device comprises a number of optical elements arranged on a single optical axis (74). Several of the elements are arranged in order on a movable stage (20) in fixed relationship to each other: a light source (30), a lens (32), a target (36), an aperture (42), (48) or (52) and second lens (58). On base (18) and in fixed relationship to each other are eyepiece (70) and third lens (64).

Abstract: This invention relates to a shake-proof assembly for parts of spectacles and like applications, wherein there is engaged on the screw a bush provided with oblique jaws which, when the screw is placed in position, are pushed radially against the shank thereof by an inner shoulder formed with the bore of the parts of the spectacles.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic photographing apparatus is disclosed. It comprises an observation light source for illuminating an eye to be tested; an observation optical system for forming an observation image of the eye to be tested and a corresponding image optically conjugate to the former; a photograph light source; a photograph device for photographing the eye to be tested; a light measuring device formed of a number of light receiving elements for dividing the corresponding image into a number of picture elements in order to measure the light volume per each picture element. The light receiving elements being disposed at a position where the corresponding image is formed. An indicator formed of a number of indicating elements corresponding to the light receiving elements and disposed at a position where the observation image is formed or otherwise at a position conjugate thereto.