Abstract: The invention provides certain nicotine salts, co-crystals, and salt co-crystals and provides novel polymorphic forms of certain nicotine salts. In particular, nicotine salts with mucic acid, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and crystalline polymorphic forms of nicotine 4-acetamidobenzoate, nicotine gentisate, and nicotine 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate are described. The invention further provides methods of preparation and characterization of such nicotine salts, co-crystals, and salt co-crystals and polymorphic forms thereof. In addition, tobacco products, including smoking articles, smokeless tobacco products, and electronic smoking articles comprising nicotine salts, co-crystals, and/or salt co-crystals are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the preparation of methyl 2-(1H-indole-3-carbonyl)thiazole-4-carboxylate (ITE) and related compounds with high yield, purity, and scalability. The processes apply the use of a Weinreb amide intermediate as a scaffold for the preparation of ITE and structural analogs.

Abstract: Disclosed are chemical entities of Formula (I), wherein R1 and Z are defined herein, as NR2B subtype selective receptor antagonists. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a chemical entity of Formula (I), and methods of treating various diseases and disorders associated with NR2B antagonism, e.g., diseases and disorders of the CNS, such as depression, by administering a chemical entity of Formula (I).

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), or an N-oxide thereof is provided. In the compound of formula (I), Het1 represents Het1-1, Het1-2, Het1-3, Het1-4, Het1-5, Het1-6, Het1-7, Het1-8, or Het1-9, and the remaining variable groups are as defined in the specification. The compound of formula (I), or N-oxide thereof has a superior effect in controlling arthropod pests.

Abstract: Provided herein are 8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl and pyridin-4-ylmethanyl ester and amide compounds and compositions. Also provided herein are methods of preventing or delaying the onset of myopia in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the compounds or compositions provided herein to the subject. Also provided herein are methods of reducing or preventing the progression of myopia in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the compounds or compositions provided herein to the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound represented by formula I, a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound of formula I, a method for inhibiting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and its use in medicine.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides certain angular tricyclic compounds that are histone methyltransferases G9a and/or GLP inhibitors and are therefore useful for the treatment of diseases treatable by inhibition of G9a and/or GLP such as cancers and hemoglobinopathies (e.g., beta-thalassemia and sickle cell disease). Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and processes for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are small molecule antagonists of human ?4?7 integrin, and methods of using them to treat a number of diseases and conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing racemic nicotine comprising: (i) reacting ethyl nicotinate and N-vinylpyrrolidone in the presence of an alcoholate base to 3-nicotinoyl-1-vinylpyrrolidin-2-one; (ii) reacting the 3-nicotinoyl-1-vinylpyrrolidin-2-one with an acid to myosmine; (iii) reducing the myosmine to nornicotine using a reducing agent; and (iv) methylating the nornicotine to obtain the racemic nicotine.

Abstract: The subject-matter of the invention is process for the separation of optical isomers of racemic 3-alk-3-carboxylic acid ethyl esters of formula rac-I with the resolving agent (II) (?)-2,3:4,5-di-O-izopropylidene-2-keto-L-gulonic acid (hereinafter: diacetone-L-ketogulonic acid).

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I), compositions containing the same, and methods for treating and/or diminishing pain in a subject in need thereof. The compounds of formula (I) are effective for treating opioid-induced tachyphylaxis and opioid-induced hyperalgesia.

Abstract: The anionic imide material is obtained by preparing a solution or a suspension of an imide compound, then reducing and drying the same; the anionic material comprises anions of an imide compound, the anions being at least one selected from the following formula I or formula II; in formula I or II: n=1, 2, or 3; R1, R2 are respectively selected from at least one of H, amino, carboxyl, hydroxy, thiol, and pyridyl groups; X1-X4 are respectively an electron withdrawing group, and specifically selected from one of H, F, Cl, Br, CN, and NO2 groups. The anionic material of the present invention has a Curie temperature larger than room temperature and ferromagnetism, and is an organic magnetic material; it may be used for preparing an organic magnetic material and/or an organic magnetic device.

Abstract: A method for preparing 1,2,4-triazole includes using a fluoroborate aryl diazonium salt, a diazoester derivative and an organic nitrile as reaction substrates, a transition metal salt as a catalyst, and an inorganic base as an additive in a cyclization reaction. The method has the following characteristics: the reaction is economical; the substrate is universal; the post-functionalization is easy; the reaction conditions are mild; the reaction can be performed in air; the catalyst amount used is less; and the post-treatment is simple. Meanwhile, the raw materials, such as the reactants and the catalyst used, are inexpensive and easily available; the reaction composition is reasonable; no ligand is needed; there are less reaction steps; and only one step of reaction is required to obtain a high yield, meeting the requirements and directions of contemporary green chemistry and medicinal chemistry, being suitable for screening highly active 1,2,4-triazole drugs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having the structure: for use in combination with an anti-tuberculosis drug for treating a subject infected with M. tuberculosis.

Abstract: Various fentanyl derivatives are described. The derivatives exhibit high binding affinity to opioid receptors, but also have decreased blood brain permeability as compared to standard fentanyl. This, the resulting derivatives can be less addictive than standard fentanyl. Methods of making such derivatives are also disclosed in this document.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds I wherein the variables are defined as given in the description and claims. The invention further relates to uses, processes and intermediates for compounds I.

Abstract: Thienopyridinone compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are described. In these compounds, one of X1; X2, and X3 is S and the other two are each independently CR, wherein R and all other variables are as defined herein. The compounds are shown to inhibit HPK1 kinase activity and to have in vivo antitumor activity. The compounds can be effectively combined with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and also with other immunomodulatory approaches, such as checkpoint inhibition or inhibitors of tryptophan oxidation. Formula (I).

Abstract: A pharmaceutically acceptable salt as a renal outer medullary potassium channel (ROMK) inhibitor, specifically an L-tartrate and a crystal form I and crystal form II thereof, is described. The pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the ROMK inhibitor, specifically the L-tartrate, has improved bioavailability and stability.

Abstract: The application includes a description of novel intermediates, of new manufacturing steps resulting in a novel and improved process for producing the intermediates and the final compounds, i.e., 6-alkynyl-pyridine derivatives. The intermediates of the invention are useful to produce 6-alkynyl-pyridine derivatives, which compounds are useful for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: Provided herein are aminopyridine derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions that are useful as TAM family kinase inhibitors.