Abstract: A papermaker's fabric includes top MD yarns, top CMD yarns, bottom MD yarns, bottom CMD yarns and stitching yarns. The fabric is formed in a plurality of repeating units, each of the repeating units including a set of top MD yarns, a set of top CMD yarns interwoven with the set of top MD yarns to form a top fabric layer, a set of four or eight bottom MD yarns, a set of bottom CMD yarns interwoven with the set of four or eight bottom MD yarns to form a bottom fabric layer and a set of stitching yarns interwoven with the top and bottom fabric layers. The bottom MD yarns and the bottom CMD yarns are interwoven in a series of repeat units in which each of the bottom MD yarns passes below two nonadjacent bottom CMD yarns to form bottom machine direction knuckles, each bottom machine direction knuckle being separated from one adjacent knuckle formed by that bottom machine direction yarn by two bottom CMD yarns and separated from another adjacent knuckle by four CMD yarns.

Abstract: A process for producing ceramic, or ceramic composite, components having microfeatures by creating a chemical reaction in a castable slurry to bond nano-sized or submicron-sized ceramic powders. The bonding process that gives coherency and strength to the material creates a reaction product or gel-phase resulting from a chemical reaction between the ceramic powder and a reagent, such as an acid, alkali, or inorganic salt solution, that binds the ceramic powder. This gel-phase can be de-hydrated, cured, or crystallized by a higher-temperature firing step, but at a temperature lower than the temperature range at which sintering starts to occur in the ceramic (typically lower than 1,000°C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing silica-alumina carriers preferably under the form of extrudates. Further, the present invention also provides hydrogenation catalysts prepared thereof. These catalysts are used in an improved process for the reduction of the aromatic hydrocarbons content present in hydrocarbon streams.

Abstract: A method of dewatering a fiber web in a paper machine, includes the steps of: dewatering the fiber web in a forming section to a solids content of greater than approximately 10%; displacement pressing the fiber web in an air press assembly to a solids content of greater than approximately 40%; and through air drying the fiber web in at least one air press assembly to a higher solids content.

Abstract: The equipment for the production of a paper web material comprises: a first former (1) for forming a first layer (S1) consisting of a slurry containing fibers and water; a second former (2) for forming a second layer (S2) consisting of a slurry containing fibers and water; a third former (3) for forming a third layer (S3) consisting of a slurry containing fibers and water; and a creping device (50A, 50B) for wet creping of the third layer.

Abstract: A method of fusion-splicing optical fibers having different mode field diameters or small mode field diameters is provided, which method is advantageous in that the splicing loss is smaller. The method comprises a fusion splicing process in which fusion splicing is performed by butting end faces of two optical fibers together and a heat treatment process in which the fusion spliced part of the optical fibers and the vicinity thereof are heated. The heat treatment process is performed by moving an arc heating unit in a direction other than the Y-axis direction (a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the opposing direction of arc electrodes) and Z-axis direction (the axial direction of the optical fiber), via the fusion spliced part in a Y-Z plane formed by the Y-axis direction and Z-axis direction.

Abstract: A method for controlling the foam produced when a molten material encounters reduced pressure in a vacuum chamber includes passing the molten material through an aging zone in the vacuum chamber in which the molten material is allowed to drain from between the bubbles of the foam and then collapsing the bubbles of the drained foam.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of fabricating rare earth doped preforms and optical fibers by a combination of modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) process and solution doping technique said MCVD process is used to develop matched or depressed clad structure inside a silica glass substrate tube followed by deposition of porous silica soot layer containing GeO2, P2O5 or such refractive index modifiers by the backward deposition method for formation of the core and presintering the deposited particulate layer by backward pass with flow of GeCl4 and/or corresponding dopant halides, soaking the porous soot layer into an alcoholic/aqueous solution of RE-salts containing codopants such as AlCl3 in definite proportion, drying, oxidation, dehydration and sintering of the RE containing porous deposit and by collapsing at a high temperature to produce the preform followed by drawing the fibers by known technique to produce fibers with suitable core-clad dimensions and geometry.

Abstract: A drawing apparatus 1 has a drawing furnace 11, a heating furnace 21, and a resin curing section 31. The drawing furnace 11 has a muffle tube 13 to which an He gas supply passage 15 from an He gas supply section 14 is connected so as to supply He gas. The optical fiber 3 drawn upon heating by the drawing furnace 11 is fed to the heating furnace 21, whereby a predetermined part of the optical fiber 3 is annealed at a predetermined cooling rate. The heating furnace 21 has a muffle tube 23 to which an N2 gas supply passage 25 from an N2 gas supply section 24 is connected so as to supply N2 gas. Thereafter, the optical fiber 3 is coated with a UV resin 39 by a coating die 38, and the UV resin 39 is cured in the resin curing section 31, whereby a coated optical fiber 4 is formed.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a cellulosic paper product (e.g., paper hand towels) exhibiting reduced malodor upon wetting. The process includes introducing a malodor inhibiting agent comprising isoascorbic acid and/or L-ascorbic acid antioxidants into the aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers from which the paper product is made, depositing the aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers onto a sheet-forming fabric to form a wet web and drying the wet web at high temperature in an oxidative environment to form a dried base sheet. The process of the present invention is particularly suited for reducing malodor released from cellulosic paper products made from through-air dried base sheet material.

Abstract: A cationic cellulosic fibre containing between 1 and 30 cationic groups and between 0.1 and 20 aldehyde groups per 100 anhydroglucose units is a suitable basis for producing paper and tissue products without the necessity of using non-biodegradable cationic polymers as wet strength additives. The cationic cellulosic fibre can be obtained by oxidation of the fibre to introduce aldehyde groups, followed by reaction of part of the aldehyde groups with a nitrogen-containing reagent such as betaine hydrazide hydrochloride. The fibre is advantageously combined with an anionic polymer such as monoaldehyde carboxyl-starch or with anionic cyclodextrin.

Abstract: The invention concerns an equipment and a method in the transfer of a paper/board web in a paper or board machine. In an embodiment of the invention, the dryer section comprises at least one group of drying cylinders in which, instead of a conventional wire draw, a transfer belt (H100) is employed, to which the web (W) is affixed by effect of adhesion and which transfer belt is passed over drying cylinders (K1, K2, . . . ) and reversing rolls (E1, E2, . . . ) and further in said group (RI) of drying cylinders in the dryer section. The invention also concerns a method in the transfer of the web (W) in the dryer section (K) of a paper/board machine.

Abstract: A dehydration and consolidation furnace and a dehydration and consolidation method in which gas in a chamber does not leak to a furnace body room and gas in a furnace body room does not leak into a chamber is provided. A furnace of one embodiment of this invention has first muffle tube 3 and second muffle tube 4. The second muffle tube 4 is arranged coaxially around the first muffle tube 3. An optical fiber preform is arranged in this furnace. During the dehydration and consolidation process the pressure of the intermediate room 10 is set lower than a pressure inside the first muffle tube and outside the second muffle tube, and a gas supply and exhaust of the intermediate room 10 are performed independent of the gas supply and exhaust of the first muffle tube and a furnace body room.

Abstract: A fabrication method for a thallium-doped GRIN lens composed of a simplified glass composition is described. The composition is composed of silicon, oxygen, boron, zinc, potassium, sodium, and thallium. The method is comprised of preparing a cylindrical preform, annealing the cylindrical preform, removing contaminants from preform thereafter extruded to form a glass rod, exposing the glass rod to an alkali salt bath, and chemically milling the glass rod within an acid bath. Method and composition produce colorless lenses with a refractive index from 1.5900 to 1.7810, an insertion loss no greater than 0.05 dB, and a chromatic transmittance greater than 90 percent.

Abstract: A process for sizing paper comprising adding to an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibers, and optional fillers, an anionic or cationic sizing dispersion, and a sizing promoter comprising a cationic organic polymer having an aromatic group; and an anionic polymer having an aromatic group selected from step-growth polymers, polysaccharides and naturally occurring aromatic polymers, wherein the sizing dispersion and sizing promoter are added separately to the aqueous suspension.

Abstract: A method of ensuring the flatness of a vane that is mounted in a headbox by means of a mounting arrangement including engagement dowels for cooperation with a downstream support wall of a transverse groove, said vane being affected during operation by shearing forces from the stock and by retaining forces from the mounting arrangement. In accordance with the invention outer engagement dowels are mounted at the side edges of the vane to cooperate during a specific period of time, as the only engagement dowels with the downstream support wall in order to take up said shearing forces, whereby tensile stresses will arise in the downstream end portion of the vane in the cross machine direction.

Abstract: This invention relates to a degraded, inhibited cationic starch for use in papermaking systems, which affords improved physical properties, particularly strength. Additionally these derivatives provide easy-to-prepare alternatives totraditional starches, and can even be added directly to the papermaking process without cooking. While the benefits of these starch compositions can be applied to any type of papermaking method, they are especially useful in high shear, high conductivity and recycle systems.

Abstract: A method of making an optical waveguide preform includes forming a preform including a first portion and a second radial portion, wherein the second portion includes a dopant, and wherein the first portion exhibits a density greater than the second portion. The method further includes stripping at least a portion of the dopant from the second portion. In a preferred embodiment, the stripped dopant has migrated in a previous processing step.

Abstract: Provided is low hygroscopic paper obtainable by heat-pressing composite paper comprising a pulp component and/or fiber component and, a liquid crystal polymer filler component made of a liquid crystal polymer exhibiting optical anisotropy in molten state, at a temperature higher than the flow initiation temperature of said liquid crystal polymer by 30° C. or more. The low hygroscopic paper has also excellent machanical strength and heat resistance, and can be used as a substrate paper such as a prepreg particularly useful for electric and electronic circuit boards.

Abstract: A web comprised of lyocell fibers. The web may be a homogeneous blend of fibers with lyocell fibers having a length of less than about 6 mm as a portion of the blend. The web may be a multi layered single ply with lyocell fibers in one or more layers. The web may be composed of multiple plies, with component plies composed of multiple layers. The length and proportion of the lyocell fibers in the respective layers of the component plies may vary intentionally from layer to layer.